Cranberries - The National Cranberry Magazine, 1936-12

              REPRESENTING A $5,000,000. A YEAR INDUSTR Y


at sgzolAL CRANBERRY MAGAZIN 

CAPE COD 
NEW JERSEY 
WISCONSIN 

OREGON 

WASHINGTON 

9 36 


WRITE US _ 

TEL. 

28-2RBALEYCO SOUTH CARVER 

CARVER 

MASSACHUSETTS 

ESTABLISHED 1895 

WE ARE BUSY NOW 
Turning Out 

Pneumatic Wheel If Desired 

Ice Sanding may be just ahead. We 
have everything you need. 

For Large Growers -Our Gas Locomotive Will 

Save You Money in Sanding-Even on Short Trips 

THE BAILEY PUMP Pu 

Will Solve o4-in. 20-in. 
-... ~ ~ 800 to 14,000 
Your PYumpn.......-JJGal. ~S Capacity 
Per Minute 
uestion 

WE MANUFACTURE ALL KINDS OF CRANBERRY EQUIPMENT 
We can supply you whatever you want-tell us your problems. 
~~I ~~~ C ~~~~ I bC-Lr "~~~~~

~~P~~b"%4~~~~--··c~~lF-~~~ b~~.~~·llp~~~~i 


The


Total Barrels 

454,000 

1935 

result of an aggressive sales T

lTotal Barrels 

policy-a year by year accumula


tion of good will with the trade 463 00 

and sound educational advertising 

1915 Exchange average sale price 
plus the cooperation and support of the three states, 
$6.32 per barrel 
of growers who have done their 
1935 Exchange average sale price 
part to help these achievements. of the three states, 
$12.34 per barrel 
Have you done your part? 
Increased price per barrel 1935 
The record of achievement shows over 1915 

every grower of cranberries should $ er rr 

support 

One 


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V·IEWi F 

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oljONAL CRANBERRy MACAZ/k 

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS ByC.J.H. 

Government Federal crop stat-Should Be Although a little sag Soon Have Colored 
Estimate isticians on No-Excellent in the market might 
vember 12 set the Average well be expected at Photos of Many

United States cranberry crop at this time, consider515,000 
barrels or 4,200 less than ing the very good prices, it is notg Weed 
last year's lean yield. The Massa-anticipated there will be any serichusetts 
crop dropped 10,000 bar-ous trouble in getting the final The County Extension Service 
rels from October to November; to berries disposed of. With a good of Massachusetts will soon have

360,000 compared to 332,000for price right from thevery openg colored pictures of an extensive 

1935. New Jersey dropped 10,000 111o1d colored pictures of an extensive

1935. New of the market on blacks and a 

to 75,000 or 10,000 less than last correspondingly high price for group of weeds which trouble the 
year. Wisconsin, due primarily to Howes and other lates, growers cranberry grower. 
the drought, was cut to 59,000 should have received a splendid With these pictures will be a life 
Washington producin81,00with average price for their fruit this history of each weed, and informa-

Washington 6,700 year.

producing or

300 less than last year, and Oregon tion as to control.
gaining 100 barrels at 4,600. The grower can become familiar


Retail Price Cranberries are with the various kinds of weeds 

Is High now retailing at and quickly learn which ones do 
Others Figure Although the 20 and 21 cents damage, and the best methods of 
Little Less Federal figure is per pound, a fairly stiff figure in control. 

for 360,000 bar-comparison with many other food Dr. William Sawyer, supportedrels in Massachusetts, some es-stuffs. b nn rv,
timate that this will be a bit high. 
The crop is placed by these at from done, in his usually successful 
325,000 to 330,000 or possibly Canners Aid The effect of can way, amostvaluable piece of work 
350,000 as top. On Pre which will save annually thousands

On gPrice ning has undoubt


edy been a factor of dollars to cranberry growers. 

in price maintenance. One can-The work requires unusualWisconsin Says Reports from ner, alone, Cranberry Canners, Inc., knowledge as well as no end of 
60,000 Barrels the Sales com-of South Hanson, Mass., was pre-experience, patience, and skill. 

pany in Wis-pared to take 100,000 barrels off D. Sawyer has them all and 
consin indicate 60,000 barrels there, the fresh fruit market if neces-. 
as the crop was being cleaned up sary. As it has turned out, the directors of the Extension 
much better than expected at one figure the company says will be Service chose wisely when they 
time. There were remarkably few nearer 65,000, but this, with what selected him to do this important

rejections this year and practically smaller canners have consumed work in a field never before under-
all the Wisconsin fruit has been removes considerable of a crop of 

keeping very well, although the only a few thousand more than taken n the cranberry industry. 
berries are not quite as large as 500,000 total. It wouldn't be at all 
last year. surprising this year if growers Card in Florida paper: "Thurs


averaged $12.00 or more per barrel day I lost a gold watch which I 
throughout. valued very highly. Immediately I 
inserted an 'ad' in your lost-and-Market Easing J us t before found column, and waited. Yester-
Off Slightly Thanksgiving . day I went home and found the 

there was a Shipments Up to Thanksgiving watch in the pocket of another 
slight easing off in the price as Still time shipments still suit. God bless your paper." 
there was a very plentiful supply Ahead continued to be up 
in the markets-that is, plentiful over last year; 917 "Now, Father," said the missus,
for the high price of $3.90 a cars having been shipped the on their arrival in London, we've 

barrel. Demand has been reason-Saturday before Thanksgiving. Of just got one day here, an' my idee 
ably good although berries were course the 1936 crop is now pretty is this: You an' Junior attend the 
offered in Eastern markets, Boston, well depleted but there are still museems an' public buildings, an' 
New York and Philadelphia for plenty of cranberries to be disposed Irene an' I'll do the churches an' 
$3.50, $3.60 and $3.75 a quarter of graveyards. In that way we'll see 
barrel. the whole town." 

Three 


A. pA. r/ .• busy, and to one from the East 
these workers were extremely in-
An Impression OF W/Visonsin S 
teresting. Many of them are full-

Cran berryg

IbloodedIndians. Indians harvest 

ran erry IndS ustrry most of the Wisconsin crop. From 

broad flat faces, beneath straight 

BY THE EDITOR black hair, bright black eyes 

. Afis^/*~ i .At ~ y 'I the belts

.e ./• .•i s watched the red berries on

After a Brief Visit to W\isconsin Rapids intently. A few Indian children 

were running about. All of course 

Wisconsin Rapids on a very cool of 26 buildings at Gaynor marsh, were dre in conventional Am-

were dressed in conventional Am-

afternoon in late October, a con-making a miniature village. 
pact, bustling little community of While the appearance of the ern, usual "old" clother


ventional, the usual "old" clothes

modern brick and stone structures marshes, cut up into comparitively o 
on both sides of the rapidly-flowing small sections by the dikes may not 
Wisconsin river. That central Wis-be impressive at first, realization t tucked away here and there 
consin city, reached after 1500 of their production records and the were the dwellings of the Indians 
miles of driving, over the tawny cheerfullness and progressiveness a sight not to be seen about East-
Alleghenny mountains of Pennsyl-of the growers more than offsets er bogs. These were not tepees, 
vania; rushing across the flat this. And that was the principal but cloth houses, rounded more like 
farming lands of Ohio and In-impression retained from the visit an Eskimo igloo. They were made 
diana, an easy drive through the to Wisconsin, the optimism of all apparently of old pieces of cloth, 
vast city of Chicago (easy after the growers, and their intense in-table cloths, pieces of canvas, posdriving 
in Boston;) over the beau-terest and pride in the Wisconsin ibly more than one layer tnick, 
tiful rolling Wisconsin hills and cranberry industry. stretched over a light wooden 

frame work. They a iheated by

through little city-towns apparent-Mr. Dempze was no exception. fre work. are heated by 
ly prosperous and progressive. It was here we saw the first of the e laces o r

od soe 
Wisconsin Rapids, besides being Wisconsin grass clippers, long bars T e I , m s o 
the State's cranberry center has its with handles at each end, carried eda rae re a n pep

They harvest various crops in Wis


pulp mills, manufacturing paper. by two men the clipper with sev-Ty hres various cros in is 
Mr. Vernon Goldsworth, manager eral electrically-revolving knives cin bee an ri e g 
of the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales 
Company was a busy man, routing 
out his shipments, but he took us 
on a flying trip to many of the 
bogs which lie around the Rapids. 
Flying is said advisedly, because 
Mr. Goldsworth drives his Ply-
which rapidly mow down the "hay" 
in the marshes. Mr. Dempze yearly 
ciipps his grass and believes that 
the Gaynor marsh is gradually be-e 
ing cleared of this grass. Cleaner 
bogs will be seen in the future, un-
doubtedly. 
to n r aa n t 
ter to hunt and trap. 
Some of the growers house their 
workers during the harvesting sear 
b s. son in what are really barracks. 
DT'here was one suKch at theh Whittle-
a opatsey Marsh, now operated by Mrs.
C. . Jaspron, daughter of the 
mouth along shale bog roads at It was shipping time, with the late S. N. Whittlesey, Wood 
seldom less than 75 miles an hour. opening price to be announced the County's pioneer cranberry grower. 
And bog roads seem much alike the following day. Mr. Goldsworthy Here there was a huge modern 
country over. was busy inspecting the berries be-tile warehouse and near it the 
The first glimpse of a Wisconsin ing rushed through the mills. The quarters of the workers. You enter 
cranbery marsh is apt to be a bit "mills" were separators made in through the kitchen escorted by 
disappointing to an Easterner, ac-Massachusetts. TheWisconsin Sales Mr. and Mrs. Jasperson, and here 
customed to some of the beautiful, company this year purchased 20 in the cook is busily preparing a meal. 
practically weedless bogs of for a single lot for some of its mem-There is a room, with a glowing 
instance, Carver, Mass. The bers. Twenty more are to be bought stove where the men can play cards 
marshes-in Wisconsin they are in the East and shipped to Wiscon-or read or lounge about and be-
never called bogs, but marshes, are sin next year. yond is the bunk room, double 
grassy. The sales company is extremely berths where the men sleep. 
Gaynor Marsh, with 97 acres un-active in Wisconsin where it These pickers are paid a limited 
der cultivation and a total acre-handles about 90 percent of the wage and fed and housed as a 
age of 2,040 in the neighboring crop. Mr. Goldsworthy buys all group during the busy fall season. 
town of Cranmoor, last year pro-sorts of supplies for his members Everywhere the growers were 
ducing 6,062 barrels, was first vis-in large quantity and they get busy and extremely pleased with 
ited. Charles Dempze, manager was them at cost. "Vernon" visits and their prospects. Miss Clare Smith, 
found in his work clothes, as was assists all growers in the state, secretary of the Wisconsin Grow-
practically every Wisconsin grow-whether sales company members ers' association, attired in rough 
er. He was near his modernly-or not. clothing was at the head of her 
equipped warehouse which com-The growers were very pleased own screen. 
pared more than favorably with all with these new mills and every-Everywhere was an extreme in-
but the larger screenhouses of the where they were exhibited with terest expressed in the cranberry 
East. Incidentally there is a total pride. Groups of screeners were (Continued on page 8) 
Four 


birds nest outside barns instead of

THE CRANBERRY GROWER S inside like thepreceding species. 

~INKB11TERCT IN 1 D I D m) C

INTERESTS IN

L L BIRDS 

By JOHN B. MAY 

A long, narrow strip of board 
nailed about a foot below the junction 
of the side wall and roof will 

|ligive the needed support for their 
interesting retort-shaped nests of 
mud, which will not stick to a 
smooth painted surface.

(Continued from Last Month) 

Tree Swallow. This bird will 
use almost anything which a Blue-
bird might use, but may use a box 
slightly smaller than the meas-
urements given for the Bluebird. 
Boxes may be placed on poles 
anywhere in a bog or about a 
reservoir. Long axis vertical or 

horizontal.

horizontal., 

Crested Flycatcher. Requires a 

slightly larger box. Interior di-

mensions about 6 by 6 by 8 to 10 

inches. Entrance hole 2 to 21/2 

inches in diameter. Long axis hori-

zontal. Prefers partial shade. 

Purple Martin. Our only native 
bird which will use a many-com-
partment house without driving 
neighbors away. The separate 
nesting compartments should be 
about 6 by 6 inches square and 7 
inches high, with an entrance of 
about 21/2 inches diameter. The 
style may vary with the ingenuity 
of the maker, but a suitable house 
may be made from a strong barrel, 
divided into rooms by partitions, 
and set on a pole 10 to 20 feet high. 
The entrance holes should always 

be well above the floor of the nest 
compartment. 

Starling. This introduced spe-
cies has become very abundant and 
is considered a nuisance for many 
reasons, chief being its fondness 

for cereals and small fruits, and its 
propensity to fight with our native 
birds like Bluebirds, which might 
covet the same nesting place. How-
ever, it must be admitted that 
about cranberry bogs the latter is 
the only complaint which can be 
made, for the Starling is not 
known to eat cranberries, and it 
destroys a tremendous quantity of 
injurious insects. It can be kept 
out of houses built for Bluebirds 

and Tree Swallows if the entrance 
hole is less than 1% inches in dia-
meter, but may occupy any house 
made for a Crested Flycatcher or 
Purple Martin. 

Wood Duck. This beautiful lit-

te duck is a destroyer of mosqupainted urface 

toes and other aquatic insects and 

should be encouraged wherever bog 

reservoirs furnish suitable sur-

roundings. Nest boxes are some-

times constructed by cutting a hole 

in the side of a nail keg and fas-

tening the keg to a tree in woods 

near the water or in a dead tree 

standing in the pond. The inside 

measurements of a box should be 

about 10 by 10 by 18 to 24 inches, 

and the entrance should be about 

4 inches wide by 5 or 6 inches 

high. 

Some birds which do not nest in 

holes may be attracted by other 

simple devices. 

Robin. This bird uses mud in 
nest construction and so appre-
ciates shelter from rains. Robins 
often build on projections under the 
eaves of a house or shed, or under 
a bridge or overhanging bank. 
Shallow open wooden boxes about 
6 by 6 inches square may be fas-
tened under some protection like 
eaves, or an open nesting place 
can be made of two pieces of 
boards about 6 or 7 inches square, 
one forming a floor and the other 
a roof, separated by four corner 

posts about 7 inches long. Unless 
the roof slants, however, the Rob-
ins may try to build on top of the 
box instead of inside it. 

Bank Swallow or Sand Martin. 
These little birds, which dig burrows 
in the vertical face of sand 

banks, are very useful as destroyers 
of mosquitoes and all small fly 
ig insects such as the adult forms 

f mny cranberry pests. If a 
i f 
sand for the bogs is obtained, they 
should be encouraged whenever 

possible, and their nests unmolested. 


Song Sparrows, Thrashers, Towhees, 
etc. Many birds will nest 
about the bogs and help in the fight 

n insect pests, if suitable nesting 
sites may be found. If occasionally 
a small clump of bushes is left

in the ofump is lef

cl bushes 
aout th irds i rea t

os 
about bogs, the birds will repay the 
a Ee rds narly 
clse as seed-eaters usually feed 

r nestlings lmost entirely upon 
e oo_ 
Comets Return to Sun 

Most comets return to mne sun 
after a period of years. Biela's 
comet on its return In 1846 split 
intovisit twocameparts and twdins its

backras on nextetwo 

vst came back a in -wo 
the same orbit f ormerlyoccupied 
by one and on the same time 

schedule. There are several records 
of such multiple comets. The 
converse of this phenomenon is 

hoebe. Mostoi the remarksmorecommon. They break 

regarding the Robin apply to this 
bird, but the Phoebe is slightly 
smaller. It seldom builds far from 
water. 

Barn Swallow. Boxes similar to 
those used for the Phoebe and Rob-
in may be placed inside barns or 
other sheds, or a short cleat can be 
nailed to a rafter or a lath nailed 
across two rafters with its end 

projecting, or sufficient foundation 

for the mud structure may be sup-
plied by two nails driven partly 
into a beam or rafter. There sh 
be a permanent opening into every 
barn so that swallows can enter 
freelyACUSHNET 

Cliff or Eave Swallow. These 

up. What causes this is unknown. 

Disintegration probably is caused 
by the same forces that cause them 
to split. 

Metals from Soot. 

A mining company in Japan wiM 
refine 1,300 tons of soot from the 
chimneys of its refineries and expects 
to recover nearly $17,000 
worth of silver gold and copper. 

R HUT 

R HU 

Hould Down

ise--Knocked 
25 Lots 71/2c each


F. 0. B. New Bedford 
SA MILLS 
NEW BEDFORD, MASS. 

Five 


Model Village for Bog Workers


Being 


Ellis D. Atwood is Providing New 

Attractive Homes for Steady 

Employees, Rent Free, Tax 

Free, Lights and Wide Streets, 

-Dozen Already Constructed 

A model village for cranberry 
bog workers is a project now well 
underway by Ellis D.D. AtwoodAtwood ofof

Ellis 

South Carver, Massachusetts. HeLe 
the 45 or 50 who are given year-

around work by Mr. Atwood will 
eventualy dwell in small modern 
homes all in a little community,

entiresal rnta free le communityentirely rentfrehis 
It is a plan which apparently 
would interest President Roose-
velt or Secretary Tugwell a rais-
cing of ving oft a

kers standards 
class of workers who only too often 
live in unsanitarydepressing

and 

hovels. Mr. Atwood evidently be-

lieves, without talking too much 

about it, that he is doing his bt to 

elevate and make life in a strugg-

ingmuchworldmore satisfactory 

for a small group of humanity 

which labors for him throughout 

the year. 

It is reminiscent of a Southern 

Plantation with the owner taking 

an interest in his workers, but of 

course without the ugly features 

of the old slavery days. 

But a word first about Mr. At-

wood himself. He has been en-

gaged in raising cranberries all his 

life and his father S. Dexter At-

wood before him, until his death 21 

years ago. Mr. Atwood is a direc-

tor of the Cape Cod Cranberry 

Growers' Association and of the 

New England Cranberry Sales 

Company. He is one of te men 

who sets your opening price and 

is of course one of the outstanding 

cranberry men of Massachusetts 

and the industry as a whole. 

He 
bog, 
about 
There 

S'x 

owns about 192 acres of 
and averages a harvest of 
10,000 barrels each fall. 
are 1800 acres of land in 

Built by Massachusetts Grower


his entire holding, all practically 
in a single piece, right in the 
heart of the Massachusets cran-
berry growing region. There are 

conservatively 300 more acres of 

undeveloped bog land included. IIe 
has now 48 sections of bog, with 
a reservoir of 400 acres or more, 
which on frost night can flood the 

enitire bog acreage in abouit a 
couple of hours. 
He maintains 15 miles of roads, 
a little of it hard-surfaced, about 
six miles of dikes, a hundred or so 
flumes and bridges, about 35 miles 
of ditches. He has about a mile of 
bog railroad and thre locomotives. 
He has two power shovels. With 

his property all in one district and 
bogs not scattered in several 
towns and even counties, as is un-
fortunately the case wit hmany of 

the larger Massachusetts bog men, 
he finds it greatly aids efficiency. 
And he certainly does seem to 
elieve in efficiency. All of his 
bogs have been surveyed and blue-
printed, surveyed by Mr. Atwood, 
himself. He has a huge Fairchilds 
aerial photograph taken from a 
two-mile elevation of his property 
and surrounding territory. He has 
loose leaf books with the blueprints 
of each piece of bog where careful 

records may be kept of production, 
experiments and bog work. 

To get back to the model village, 
however. As we said before he em-
ploys about 50 workers practically 
every day in the year. Many of 
these have lived in little old 
"shacks" located about his prop-
erty. A couple of years or so ago 
he conceived the idea of gradually 
placing them in new model homes 
in a well-planned development, 
The contrast between the two 
types of buildings is very evident 
in the photographs on page? 

At present about a dozen little 

cottages have been constructed 
along "Eda" boulevard (the name 
is from his initials.) This is a wide 
two lane highway with grass and 
catalpa trees down the center. The 
houses set about 40 feet back from 
the road. Every one is a little bit 

different from each other. They 
cost about $600 or $700 for two 
room houses for the single men, to 
more than $1,000 for the four 

room houses with bath. Each has 
electric lights and some have their 
own electric pumps for water. 
Eda avenue has street lights 
maintained by Mr. Atwood. The 
cottages sit among pine trees and 
it is planned to have the surroundings 
landscaped. 
Cape Verdeans, which form such 
a large part of the Cape Cod bog 
laborers are housed on one side of 
the street. The other side is for 
those of the white race. Finnish 
workers and a few Yankees. 

For these cottages Mr. Atwood 
makes no charge at all for rent. At 
least his workers will always have 
roofs over their heads. The cot


tages are attractively designed. 
There is a Cape Cod type house, 
nearby one of English design. 

There are about a dozen already 

in use. Several more will probably 
be built this year. They will be added 
to each year when Mr. Atwood 
gets a good crop until eventually 
all his steady workers will have 
their rent free homes in this model 
community. A Cape Verdean at 

present maintains a little Store 
near the head of the street. A 
corner lot has been reserved for a 
new store a little later. 

Directly at the head of the 
head of the street, is a rather odd 
tower building. It was built for a 
tower look out. It is at present 
used as the office of the superintendent, 
who incidentally lives in a 
very pleasant big house on a hill, 
a house that any middle class man 
would be pleased to own. 

And yet that Mr. Atwood is not 
dictatorial is shown by an incident 
the day the writer visited the 
property. He said he planned to 
use the lower part of this tower as 
a library for his village. He mentioned 
the fact to his foreman, 
Manuel Mello, a young man who 
maintains great interest in the 
men. 

(Continued on page 9) 


0> ~ ISSUE OF DECEMBER, 1936 mo 

Vol. 1 

WHAT ABOUT NEXT YEAR? 

U. S. crop statisticians have finally set 
the 1936 crop for the country at just a 
trifle under that of last year, 515,000 
barrels. That means two excessively lean 
crops in succession and in fact 1934 was 
even less. The bogs should therefore have 
had a good long "rest" from heavy or even 
normal bearing. Next year's harvest is of 
course months and months away, but what 
might be a long range forecast? Indications 
would seem to point to a considerably 
larger quantity of cranberries in 1937-
that is barring unforseen mishaps. The 
Massachusetts crop, which has been very 
light, should trend upward; a great deal 
more insect control is being practiced; 
false blossom disease has been extensively 
fought in New Jersey; the Wisconsin bogs 
have recovered from the severe winter 
kill of several years ago and the growers 
there are progressive, using modern growing 
methods and putting in quite a little 
new bog; the West Coast bogs are increas-
ing and seem to be in the habit of having 
excellent yields. 

CRANBERRIES in its first issue last 
spring forecast a small crop this year. 
Now just for the fun of the thing it is 
taking a shot in the dark and "guessing" 
that next year will see a greatly increased 
yield for the country as a whole. 

Bog workers everywhere would seem 

to owe Ellis D. Atwood of South Carver, 

Massachusetts, a debt of gratitude. His 

"Model Village" project as described in 
this issue points the way for betterment 
of the workers' living conditions. While 
it may be criticised as paternalist in idea 
it fits right in with the present trend of big 
employers being conscious of their respon-
sibility to those who depend upon them 
for a livelihood. 

No. 8 NBERRy 

PUBLISHED MONTHLY

PUBLISHED MONTHLY 

at the 

WAREHAM COURIER OFFICE,
WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS, U. S. A.


CLARENCE J. HALL 

LEMUEL C. HALL
Associate Editor


Subscription $2.00.'per year


Advertising rates upon application


CORRESPONDENTSADVISORS

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS 

New Jersey 

CHARLES S. BECKWITH
State Cranberry Specialist
Pemberton, N. J.


Wisconsin 

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY 

Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin 

Washington-Oregon
J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Pullman, Wash.
ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oreon


Massachusetts 
D 

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station 
East Wareham, Mass. 
BERTRAM TOMLINSON 
Barnstable County Agricultural Agent 
Barnstable, Mass. 

New York City Representative 

KENT LIGHTY
280 Madison Ave. Tel. Lexington 2-3595


Seven 


Wheelbarrows -Sand Screens -Bog Tools


For Economical Ice Sanding 

Sand Spreaders


Spreaders for All Sizes of Steel Dump Bodies
Hand and Hydraulic Hoist


Steel Dump Bodies


For 2 Ton and 1 Ton Trucks
RepresentativeWorthington Bog umps 3ft. to 30 ft.


Hayden CranberrySeparatorMfg. Co.


367 Main St. Wareham, Mass. 


IMPRESSIONS OF WISKCONSIN 

(Continued from page 4) 

bogrs of the East. Ever whee 
growers wanted to learn of what 
was new, of new and improved 
equipment. And at the possibility 
of not appearing modest, we must 
say all expressed great interest in 
your new cranberry magazine. "It's 
a great little magazine. We find at 
least one article in each number. 
that is worth the cost alone. Give 
us more articles by some of your 
experts in the East, especially Dr. 
Franklin. We would like to learn 
about his experiments. (Dr. Frank-
lin take note, please.) 
Whizzing along again past the 
acres of bogs, along dirt roads 
through tamarack swamps. Wis-
consin has almost unlimited areas 
which can be put into productive 
marsh at less cost than in the 
East. "Brown Bush" country is 
considered the best there as in 
Massachusetts. 

Eight 

^A youthful-appearing

talk with 

Bernard Brazeau at the Central 

Cranbery Co., who was one of the 

few growers wearing "dressed up" 
clothes and not at work himself. 
But then he raised Wisconsin's 
largest crop of 5,000 barrels this 
year and so may be pardoned for 
taking an afternoon off. He was 
one of the two Wisconsin growers 

who purchased airplanes for dust-
ing this year. Wisconsin growers 
will even buy flying machines if 
they believe they will improve their 
properties. 

And so it went. But it is dusk, 
the marshes are but dark, blurred 
areas under a sunset sky which 
glowed with a brilliant cold light. 
A beautiful broad sky with its 
great Western star twinkling over 

the Wisconsin flats. 

One more stop was necessary, 
Mr. Goldsworthy insisted. That was 
a visit to the new pumping plant 
on the Wisconsin river where a 
group of growers have formed a 
water corporation, putting in a 
total of $50,000 to insure adequate 
water supplies for the section 

Telephone 497-W 

around Cranmoor at all times. We 

have forgotten just what the capacity 
of this huge pump is but the 
water is carried through a long 
main ditch to the bog country 
where individual ditches carry it to 
the bogs. Wisconsin has real frosts 

--at the moment it was 20 above 

and to go to 10 before morning, 

and said to be an unusually warm 

fall at that. 

The growers there are not afraid 
to use water and this new water 
project has already proved its 
merit, and that the pooling together 
of these growers to provide 
water for their section was well 
worth while. 

And that is the impression the 

writer carried away from Wisconson, 
an impression of friendly cooperation; 
a great progressiveness, 
extreme faith in Wisconsin as a 
coming cranberry state. The remark 
that Wisconsin will be raising 
100,000 barrels before long 
does not seem to be mere idle 
talk. The Wisconsin growers are 
not discouraged about cranberry 
growing in Wisconsin. 


Model Village 

(Continued from Page 3) 

Mr. Mello said he, however, had 
planned to open this tower this 
winter as a sort of club room for 
the men. 

"I think that is a fine idea," Mr. 
Atwood said. "That's better than 
the library." So the tower house 
will be a club this year. 

Incidentally he already has a li-

Incidntalyalady has a 
brary with many magazines lying 
on a long table. This is in his ma-
chine shop, where there is a stove 
and the men may gather at night. 
A night watchman is maintained 
all the time, who makes his rounds

the makes his rounds 
with a time clock system. 
Close by is one of the world's 
largest screenhouse. it is a two 
story building with brick ends. t 
is 200 feet long by 58 feet wide, 
with a screening room addition 
16 x 50. It has a capacity of 8,00) 
barrels with a packing capacity of 
2,000 quarterbarrels boxes a day. 
It is arranged for the utmost effi-

ciency.
Yet, here again Mr. Atwood's 
consideration for his workers 
comes in. The building is ventilated 
with cool air coming in from vents 
near the bottom and drawn out 
through the top. In the room where 
the screeners work, which provides 
space for 28, although the 
usual crew is 14, the air is warmed 
and controlled thermostatically and 
again forced out. The walls are 
painted a bright white, there is no 
straining of eyes, as there are 
plenty of electric lights, and believe 
it or not there is a radio so 
that the women may have entertainment 
while they sort the ber-
ies. There is no freezing of hands 
and feet in this screening room. 
Mr. Atwood buys shooks and 
makes his own boxes. This provides 
winter work, or work for rainy

or work fore tr i 

days. As mentioned before there is 

a machine shop, with a full-time 

machinist, a stock yard, and he has 

four of about two dozen power 

picking machines owned in Massa


chusetts. 

All in all Mr. Atwood believes in 

being as good as possible to all 

his employes. Some have been in 

his employ for mre than 30 years. 

Most all for a number of years. 

That they appreciate his considera-

tion is well demonstrated by the 
fact that two years ago when the 
famous "Cape Cod Cranberry 
Strike" was in progres and work-
ers were stoned, trucks tipped over, 
men beaten and bog owners and 
foremen went about armed with 
revolvers and guns there was no 
trouble of any kind on the Atwood 
bogs. He finds they keep their 
houses neat and clean. 
Th bogs on the aof

properthistory 

well maintained, and at one spot 
there is a lilly pond, which was 
planned by Mr. Mello. About this 

flowers grow and there is a rustic 
bridge Many of the general public 
visit this spot. 

And still furtherinscribed

Awho still further revealing of 
Mr. Atwood's character is the fact 
that he has never posed the "No 
Trespassing" signs which are 
maintaed on most bogs in Mas-
achusetts. The general public is

sachusetts. The general public is 
free to visit his property and to 
fish in his many streams and 
brooks. At intervals there are bar-
rels placed for rubbish, and on 
pleasant Sundays there will bea 

dozen or more automobiles, with 
parties engaged in fishing or pic-
nicing. nd still he nds there is 

none or little abuse of this generosity.


The whole idea of Mr. Atwood's 
intention is a revelation of how 
generosity and fairness on the 

part of a big cranberry owner pays 
not only dividends in human content, 
but seemingly also in financial 
terms. 

History of Yarmouth 
Yarmouth, soutwest 
gateway to Nova Scotia, is

wound up in the history of the sea 

and it goes back far beyond the 

days when white men began set


tling in the new world in the Six


teenth century, for at Yarmouth is 

a Runic stone which scholars say 

in 1001 by Lief Erik-

n The inscription on this stone 

is interpreted as reading "Lief to 

Eris Raises" (this monument), 

Lief Erikson, having dedicated it to 

his father Erik the Red, ruler of 

Greenland. 

We Have Lisiazgs of
Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small
FOR SALE
Ge. A Cole Agency


WILDA HANEY
Decas Block
Wareham, Massachusetts


National Ba k of Wareha 

WAREHAM, MASS.
Established as a State Bank 1833


Entered National system 1865 

Small loans are made to parties who are of 
legal age having a good reputation and steady 
income. The amount of the loan is based upon 
ability to meet the obligation and loans may be 
repaid in convenient weekly or monthly payments 

consistent with income received. 

lDEPARTM ENTS 
Commercial Trust Savings Safe Deposit 

l 

Nine 


The following is one of a series 
of excerps from a bulletin "The 
Cultivation of the Highbush Blue-
berry," by Stanley Johnson, po-
mologist at the Agricultural Ex-
periment station at the Michigan 
State college at South Haven, 
Michigan. 

Mr. Johnson writes that at pres-
ent there are about 75 acres of 
cultivated blueberries in that state, 
ranging in age from one to eight 

raging fvgrom to

in ag one 
years. There is considerable inter-
est in Southern Michigan in grow-
ing this berry at present, and blue-
berry culture is one of the main 

projects at the station at this time. 
A number of experiments relative 
to cultural operations are being 

cadd otr r e e

carried out and rather extensive

br gwk is u y, wh 

the year after planting, all plants 
received equal amounts of complete 
fertilizer. The differences in growth 
in the different boxes were ap-
parent at the end of the first year 
and became increasingly obvious 
until the end of the experiment aft 
ter four seasons. 

The plans growing where the 
water table was maintained at six 
inches made a comparatively small 
growth, te foliage being sparse, 
abnormally colored, and dropping 
prematurely. Where the water 
table was maintained-at 30 inches, 

the plants made a small growth, al-

though the foliage was almost nor-
mal in appearance. Their produc-
tion, however, was the lowest of 

any. The plants growing where the 
water table was maintained at 22 

precipitation, except April, and this 
month was only 0.14 inches above 
normal. In the spring of 1931, it 
was observed that many blueberry 
bushes on the higher locations 
scattered about the plantation were 
not blossoming, while bushes located 
on the lower levels where 

more moisture was available were 
blossoming normally. 
By means of gas pipe wells, 
water table readings werein the blue-

taken in

1933 at two locations 
1933 at two locations in the blue


berry plantation from April until 
the end of the fruiting season in 
August. The water table at station 
A was typical of the larger part of 
the plantation, while station B was 
located on a knll in which the 

water table was considerably lower 
than at station A. Yield records

i 

were obtainedtotalfor the plant located 
closest to each station. These 
plants were of the Rubel variety 

and in their seventh growing sea


son. The plant at station A, produced 
7.5 quarts of fruit, while 
that at station B, produced 1.1 
quarts. It is true that the soil at 
station A was somewhat more fertile 
than at station B, although 
both had received like amounts of 
commercial fertilizer. However, 
much of the difference in growth 
and yield must be attributed to the 
difference in moisture supply. 

Instances of blueberry plants 
dying from a deficiency of moisture 
have been observed. The unthrifty 
plants were set on a knoll a few 
inches higher than the remainder 
of the field. The plants were set 
in the spring of 1930, and each 
year following a few of them died. 
In 1933, during a severe drought 
in August, several plants on the 
knoll dried up completely, while 
those on the lower land a few feet 
away were making normal growth. 

about crossd s .

10,000 s

;about 10,000 crossbred seedlings ill 

(Continued from last month) 

The amount of moisture in the 
soil is another important factor in 
the growth and production of the 
highbush blueberry. In order to de-
termine the importance of the 
height of the water table in the 
soil, four large galvanized iron 
pans, 12 feet long, four feet wide, 
and six inches deep, were made.. 
These were placed at different 
levels in the soil, one being six 
inches from the surface, one 14 
inches, one 22 inches, and one 30 
inches. Boxes were built of 
matched lumber from the pans to 
the surface and these boxes were 
lined with heavy roofing material. 
The boxes and pans were then 
filled with a uniform soil mixture 
of sand and acid muck. Twelve uni-
form Rubel plants were planted in 
each box. The pans were kept filled 
with water at all times. Beginning 

Ten 

breeding work is underway, within hsa prenom

e

inches appeared normal in every

way. n prouc

I gtand

wfiday. In total growth and produc-
tion, however, this plot was not as 

good as the 14-inch water table. 

This experiment indicates that a 
water table at a depth of about 14 
inches in the soil is best. Field 
tests show that very good results 
can be obtained where the water 
table is between 14 and 22 inches, 
particularly in April, May, and 
June. 

Fruit bud formation was de-
cidedly influenced by the height of 
the water table in this experiment 
It is apparent that a deficiency of 
moisture retarded fruit bud de-
velopment. Another striking ex-
ample of this condition was ob-
served in the field in 1930, which, 
according to the official weather 
records, was the driest year in 
Michigan between 1931 and 1887 
when the records were started in 
1887. At South Haven, the total 
precipitation was 24.75 inches, 9.01 
inches below normal. Every month 
in the year was below normal in 


Blueberry plants are sometimes 

killed by excess of water. One 

Michigan grower planted a large 

number of plants in a pocket or 

"kettle-hole" until the crowns of 

the plants were completely covered. 

It was impossible to drain away the 

water until late in June and a large 

portion of the plants were killed. 

Several growers lost plants in the OF R 

spring of 1933, due to heavy rains 

following planting. Care should be 

used to avoid land that is likely to 

be flooded during some growing 

seasons. Moderately wet land canL 

be planted provided the plants are 
placed on mounds or back furrows. 

The experiments described and 
the examples cited indicate clearly 
the important part that moisture 
plays in the culture of the high-
bush blueberry. prospective

The C 
grower should select his land care-
fully with reference to the conditions 
that will influence the available 
moisture in the soil. The owner 
of a blueberry plantation al-
ready in existence may be able to 
improve his production by properly 
managing his drainage ditches so 
as to increase or reduce the amountY 
of water as desired. 

Rain spots can be removed from 
suede shoes by rubbing with fine 
emery board. 

Wri tng 1known

In AV rilltlg 

VS TH 'NTY 

VA 

i 

MASSACHUSETTS 

A 

I HAVE 

By NEIL 

(Editor's Note). Neil E. Stevens, who 
is at present a professor in the University 
of Illinois was through his work in 
the cranberry industry extremely well 

to many cranberry growers. His 
chief work lay inplant disease research. 

K 

KNOWN 

E. STEVENS 
Allie Hathaway is a philosopher 

in overalls. In the early days of the 

World War when the currency was 
n infla a a wr 

ing inate an wages ere 

mounting, Hathaway, who is one of 

finest mechanics in East Ware


ham, Mass., and as far as I know 

never out of a job, took the stand 

which I suspect was justified by the 

facts, that the payment of high 
wages was unnecessary and artificial. 
He insisted that if peoplewould simply refuse to pay or to 

accept high wages, we would go 
ahead on the old basis without being 
disturbed. Unlike most of us 
he lived up to his convictions and 
during the period of the war, while 
inexperienced and relatively unskilled 
men all around him were 
getting from three to six times as 
much as he was, he continued to 
work at prewar wages. This, no 
doubt, sounds silly to some, yet, I 

have no doubt that the martyrs of 
all ages are looked upon as silly 
by many of their contemporaries. 

Eleven 

AI n YHis own introduction to this series of 
rather personal little articles follows. 
It was begun several years ago. 

rp ~ ~ITo wshgnsvrlyasaothe 

-~~To ^ALLIE HATHAWAY 

ADVERTISEtRIS 

Please 
Mention 


I have more than once heard

Allie Hathaway remark that he 
would rather be in one of Joe Lin-

coln's books than anything he 

could think of, and I believe that 
if Joseph Lincoln knew Mr. Hatha-

way he would certainly be there, 
for his personality well deserves a 

lCr'berrics'' place with Keziah Coffin, The De-

Cranberries " 

Extensive Experience in

Extesive Expe e i 

AtELECTRICAL WORK

ad 

At Scree nsSatsfaction 

ALFRED PAPPI 
WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 
..... m__..... 

pot Master, the Post Master, Mr. 
Pratt, Dr. Nye, and Galusha the 
Magnificent. 

I well remember one of the first 
remarks he ever made to me, 
which was shortly after I was mar-
ried He said, "Now remember, 

Stevens, husbands don't amount to 
much, I have been married twice 
and I ought to know." 


'I'. C I I^ . -^ment in size of berry as determined

h 

Cranberry Crop by the cup count. (Average of ten

Fertilizing Ferhtthe zng 

cups.) The average for the nitro-

By F. L. MUSBACH 
In the 46th Annual Report of the Table No. 2.-Yields per acre on deep

peat in Price County with 600 pounds

Wisconsin Cranberry Growers As-fertilizer per acre applied June, 1934. 
sociation the writer reported re


sut otaine e o r-Treatment

with te

sults obtained with the use of fer-Barrels per acre 

tilizers on peat bogs in Wisconsin. Cup count 
Twoof theplots located in h1935 1936 Av. 1935 1936

Two of the plots located in the

Central part of the state shoed no

Central part

of the state showed no 
consistent increases which might

be ascribedto various fertilizer

be ascribed to various fertilizer 
combinations. On another plot in 
the northern district (Washburn 
County) fairly consistent response 
was obtained from fertilizer use, 
particularly with mixtures contain-

wvith 
ing nitrogen and soluble phosphate. 

In 1934 another series of plots 
were laid out on the Cranberry 
Lake Development Company bog in 
Price County representing the 
northern district of the state. 
Sarles Jumbos were planted on 
deep peat (7' or more) in 1914. 

The vine growth was fairly uni-
form, and an effort was made to 
secure heavier stands of vines. This 
peat is well decomposed, and rep-
resents bog that has produced con-
siderable tree gowth, chiefly Coni-
fers. The soil has a Ph of 5.2 to 5.3. 
Available plant food, phosphorus 
and potas, is considered low, aver-
aging 10 to 25 pounds of phos-
phorus per acre, and 100 to · 140 
pounds of potash. 

Various rates and fertilizer 
combinations were applied uni-
formly at the rate of 600 pounds 
per acre on June 14, 1934 after the 
last reflow. No harvests were taken 
in 1934. In 1935 and 1936 the plots 
were harvested separately by the 
usual method of raking under 
water. In the following table is in-
dicated the treatment and yield for 
1935 and 1936. 

Nitrogen was derived from 16% 
nitrate of soda in all cases except 
the 8-16-8 an dthe 12-16-8 where 

/2 was derived from milorganite, 
and 1/2 from nitrate of soda, phos.-
phoric acid from 20% super, and 
potash from muriate of potash. 

1935 results-The plots receiving 
nitrogen only (average of 4%, 8%, 
and 12% N) yielded 115.6 barrels 
per acre, or 20 barrels above the 
average of the six blanks. The 
12-0-0 (Equivalent to 450 pounds of 

Twelve 

4-0-0 ...... 114.6 31.6 73.1 67.5 11 

8-0-0 ...... 97.9 22.9 60.4 66.5 114 
12-0-0 .... 134.5 33.1 83.8 68.1 126 
Average .. 115.6 29.2 72.4 67.4 117 

4-16-0 .... 104.0 24.6 64.3 69.8 116 

8-16.0 .... 106.8 23.1 64.9 61.8 119

12-16-0 .. 131.7 26.4 79.0 63.6 129 
Average .. 114.2 24.7 69.4 65.1 121 
4-16-8 .... 109.0 30.1 69.5 65.0 115 
8-16-8 .... 113.5 31.1 72.3 65.8 112

12-16-8 .. 129.5 29.9 79.7 59.5 111 

Average .. 117.3 30.4 73.8 63.4 112 

Blanks 
Average 6.. 95.2 25.5 60.3 74.5 123 

16% nitrate of soda) gave the 
highest yield. The 8-0-0 plot is an 
exception to the general trend of 
increased yields following in-

creasednitrogen application. The 
nitrogen-phosphate plots, on the 
average, gave a little lower yield 
than the nitrogen only. The high 
yield in this series again comes 
with the 12% nitrogen treatment. 
Phosphate, at least for the present 
has not been effective in increasing 
yields used in combination with 
nitrogen at the various levels em-
ployed. 

The addition of potassium in the 
N-P-K series gave an average of 

117.3 barrels, and represents a 
slight increase over the N-P or the 
N. only plot. Again the trend is 
marked showing the benefits from 
increasing amounts of N. The data 
are quite consistent with reference 
to the benefits obtained from using 
nitrogen in increasing amounts. 
This is true whether phosphate, or 
phosphate and potash are included
nitrate of sodaorganicinllcaseseceptcatedinorganicP.

an

in the mixture. As already indi-
cated organic and inorganic 
sources of nitrogen were used in 
the 8-16-8 and the 12-16-8 mix-

gen only series is 67.4; the N-P 
series, 65.1; and the N-P-K, 63.4. 

1936 Results-The crop from the

various plots was again harvested 

the average the yield is about 1' 
of the 1935 crop. During the early 
growing season the condition of the 
vines and degree of budding indi


cated a normal crop. During the 

blossoming period, however, ex-

tree teperature conditions at 

te critical period caused heavy loss 

in fruit set. The average tempera


ture for July at Prentice, twelve 

miles distant was 6.8 degrees

above normal. For five days unusually 
high readings, 101-107 

degrees were reorded and for 
nearly one half of the month maxi-

readings ranged from 92 to 
107 degrees. The high temperatures 
together with deficient rainfall 
(.42) resulted in not only a poor 
yield but also inferior quality. 

The plots receiving nitrogen only 
averaged29.2 barrels; the N-P 
plots, 24.7 barrels; the N-P-K 
plots, 30.4 barrels, and the Blanks, 

25.5 barrels. The yields show little, 
if any, relation to fertilizer treatments 
irrespective of the composition 
of the mixtures used. 
The size of berry, as show by the 
cup count, likewise indicates the 
deteriorating effects of the unseasonable 
summer temperatures. 
This is especially marked when the 
size of the 1936 berry is compared 
with that of 1935. 

(Continued next month) 

W-FF 
W

Pneumatic tire wheels fit any wheel


barrow. Ideal for cranberry bogs. 
Write for folder and prices. 
ROBERT W. CLARK 

0. Box 53
South Weymouth Massachusetts 

Eldredge Sos, I 

tures, and as will be pointed outrege S , . 
later there appears to be an ad-Eldredge Apartments 
vantage in having a part of the Corner Main and Sawyer Streets 
nitrogen from sources less quickly WAREHAM, MASS. 
available. For this reason compari-Specialists in insurance on Cranbersons 
with the N-P-K series are not ries, bog buildings, and equipment. 

strictly comparable. 30 years in the insurance 
The effect of the various treat-business in Wareham 
ments shows a marked improve-_ _ _ _ _ 


WISCONSIN
CRANBERRY SALES
COMPANY


Wholesale and carload buyers for boxes, creosoted 
lumber, cement, hardware, thermometers, cranberry 
mills, fertilizer, lime, iron sulphate, insecticides, roofing, 
belting, electrical equipment, tractors, sprayers, 
paint, rake teeth, weed killers, doors, windows and 
similar items. 

f03 .0O< >O< O-<' 0<'.0<'"'0==O --<OC~-~< O< ~OOOC~0 

o! 

To the One Interested

° 

o0 0 

0o c .Cc ccIES 0>c CcAB 0

U ,0 A Year's Subscription U 

to 

o^^—^^^^1^

Q 4i^^^ This Cranberry

o 

0 $2.00 per year Magazine 

Q>O0~0~>O< 2Q: <'" '"-<_. __ . >00"< > -"3OC

'<-" >O . _ O< 0 ' 


Bollars rri


for C~an 

1. On growers' uniting to market the crop. 
2. On dealers' cooperation to push the sale of cranberries 
to the consumer. 
3. On grower and buyer team-work. 
The growers have set up Cranberry Canners, Inc., to help 
accomplish these three desirable objects. Growers who work with 
Cranberry Canners are really working together. 

Cranberry Canners, Inc., has the support of some 3000 buyers. 
Here are a few of their comments, typical of thousands: 

"Permit the writer to congratulate you." ..... Colorado. 
"The only purpose of this letter is to let you know we 
believe you are entirely right. We compliment you 
on your ideal." ..... Mississippi. 
"I wish every wholesale grocer in the country could have 
a copy of your letter which so clearly brings out the high 
plane on which Cranberry Canners, Inc., conducts its 
business." ..... Florida. 
"I feel prompted to convey to you my appreciation for 
the fair attitude you express. It is regrettable our fruit 
and vegetable growers do not have the same reasoning." 
..... Michigan. 

Think what it means to cranberry growers to have 3000 buyers 
really interested in them, their progress, and profit. It insures a fair 
price every year, increasing the value of cranberry land, bringing 
more income to growers, their dependents, and heirs. 

You ask, "Can this really be done?" 

It IS being done by a group of growers who have set up 
Cranberry Canners, Inc., as their agency to weld the grower and 
distributor into a complete marketing machine, to give the consumer 
quality, the dealer fair pay for what he does, and more and surer 
dollars to growers. 

Those who are not working for this plan are working against it. 

CRANBERRY CANNERS, INC. 

South Hanson Massachusetts 


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