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/ _.IOtoALCRANB AGAZNE ERRY CAPE COD WVISCONSIN A. D. MAKEPEACE COMPANY'S Splendid New Building at Wareham, Mass. *1FEBRUA. K. 20 cents BEST FOR THE PURPOSE CRANBERRY BOXES MADE FROM NATIVE WHITE PINE Grown and Manufactured Here F. H. COLE Established 1707 MANUFACTURER OF WOODEN BOXES AND SHOOKS NORTH CARVER, MASS. Annual Report of Dr. Henry J. Franklin (Continued from last month) An infestation of over three hop- pers to 50 sweeps of an insect net calls for treatment at any time. Because of the rising cost of pyre- thrum products and the falling cost of rotenone dusts and the blanket effectiveness of the latter on the fruit worm, the black-headed fire- worm, and this leafhopper, the time for treatment may shift in many cases from the last week in June to around July 10. Pyrethrum Dusts. There have been many puzzling failures of these materials to control cran- berry pests. Checkings of stated pyrethrin content lead to the con- elusion that these have probably nearly always been due to inferior quality of the material used. The purchase of pyrethrum from large local distributors who can have the pyrethrum content of the dust they are handling determined is a pro- tection here. Prevalence of Cranberry Pests. The relative general abundance of cranberry pests in Massachusetts in the 1939 season was as follows: 1. Gypsy moth more abundant in Plymouth county than in 1938, being quite troublesome in some localities; extremely destructive on the middle and outer Cape, even more so than in 1938. 2. Blunt-nosed 1e af h o p p e r (Ophiola) even scarcer than last year, due to general treatment. 3. Cranberry fruit worm (Min- eola) generally less prevalent than Tel. 46-5 normal, less so than in 1938. 4. Black-headed fireworm more prevalent than last year but widely controlled by disease. 5. Firebeetle somewhat reduced from 1938. 6. Green and brown spanworms slightly increased from 1938. 7. Cutworms definitely less than last year and less than usual. 8. Cranberry girdler (Crambus) and Spittle insect (Clastoptera) about the same as in 1938 and rather less than normal. 9. Cranberry root grub (Amphi- coma). There seems to be a slow general increase of this pest from year to year in spite of effective treatments. 10. Weevil (Anthonomus) about as last year, more prevalent than normal. 11. Tipworm (Dasyneura) wide- ly prevalent. CONTROL OF CRAN. BOG WEED by CHESTER E. CROSS A total of 730 weed control plots were treated during the months of June to September, inclusive. Of these 410 were treated variously witth water-white kerosene and the rest with the following, alone and in some combination: Sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium chlorate, sodium arsenate, copper sulphate, ferrous sulphate, ferric sulphate, cyanamid, and ocean water. Results of 1938 work were also examined. The following find- ings from all this are of particular interest: 1. Water-white kerosene, ap- REMEMBER! This Magazine at the service of advertisers to th cranberry industry plied 800 gallons an acre in early November with a watering can, eradicated a thick lot of rice cut- grass (Leersia) nicely. 2. A large number of plots were used to compare the weed control values of the kerosenes of the following producers: Atlantic Refining Co., Cities Service Refining Co., Colonial Beacon Oil Co., Gulf Oil Corp., Shell Oil Co., Socony- Vacuum Oil Co., and Texas Co. These concerns very kindly loaned the Cranberry Station drums to hold the kerosenes. No definite relation was found between the performance of these oils and the analyses provided by the producers. All the plots treated with them in June, July, and August showed some cranberry vine injury, but the Cities Service and Colonial products did definitely more harm than the others. The Gulf, Shell, and Atlantic kerosenes burned the vines least. All the kerosenes seemed to have about the same power to kill weeds. 3. An attempt was made to find more precisely the best ways to apply kerosene. The watering-can distributes the oil much faster than hand sprayers and therefore tends to make heavier and more effective applications, but it is harder to secure an even and complete coverage with it. The same kerosene applied to equal areas in equal amounts with a watering can and a sprayer burns the cranberry vines to the same extent. 4. Bushes of the hoary or speckled alder (Alnus incana) up (Continued on Page 8) "A Sense of Humor" While awaiting the return of Spring's activities and for those inclined to become weary and bored during the long Winter days, we quote the following, said to have been offered in the eighteenth century. "Give us a good digestion, Lord, And also something to digest. Give us a healthy body, Lord, With sense to keep it at its best. To keep the good and pure in sight, Which, seeing sin, is not appalled, But finds a way to set it right. Give us a mind that is not bored, That does not whimper, whine or sigh; Don't let us worry overmuch About the fussy thing called I. Give us a sense of humor, Lord; Give us the grace to see a joke, To get some happiness from life, And pass it on to other folk. Amen." MINOT FOOD PACKERS, INC. HAMMONTON, NEW JERSEY "My! daddy, that MIN-OT kwamberry thauth ith good !" . Attractivne Well Designed for Attractiveness and 1i.it A.D*\{t•ac C . or. A1 Utility, the A. D.Makepeace Co. Office Is Completed Semi-Modernistic in Design, New StoT' *a ructure Is" Un New Structure Is Un- doubtedly World's Finest Building Devoted Entirely ^ °, * , rr to Cranberries -Is Two Stories High with Front- age of 49 Feet and Depth age of r^ Feet and 1DepaB of 66 Feet. What is the finest building de- voted exclusively to the cranberry industry is the new A. D. Make- peace Company office building at 266 Main street, Wareham, Mas- 266 Main street, sachusetts. It was completed last month and was opened to the gen- eral public for inspection, January 26, when a great many availed themselves of the opportunity to s the seleso the o rtunty to see the new structure. It is semi-modernistic in design and has every possible modern con- venience. It is a two story brick block, designed by J. William Beal Sons of 185 Devonshire street, Bos- ton, and built by the C. A. Babson Company, general contractors of Brockton, Massachusetts and the complicated wiring job was done by Alfred L. Pappi of Wareham. This building replaces an old wooden house, formerly occupied by the Makepeace interests, which was demolished last spring to give additional space to the new Ware- ham post office building now located next door. The frontage of the building is 49 feet and the depth is 66. Simple in design, it is an extremely at- tractive building, as seen both from the exterior and interior. There is a half-circular front entrance, which leads into a round foyer, with a 12-foot radius. Three round windows on the second floor relieve the austerity of the facade. On the south side there is a gently-curving bay window. The roof is flat with a limestone parapet across the front. At either side of the foyer are offices, where callers are met. The office of John C. Makepeace, president, comes next and is called the "oak room", as its walls are of Two ComleedA At vvre MBoth At Wareham, Mass. beautiful, light waxedThere brown Lockeweave rug of deep Loc e rg of dp texture, and modern office equip- texture, nd modern office equip- men . hin thi ofice somewhat in the nature of a recep i e are a ce tion room is Mr. Makepeace's private office. Next is the office of private offbuilding Russell Makepeace, assistant to the . ' a t president and manager of the Barnstable Cunty bogs of the Barnstable County bogs of the company, and at the rear the ooffice of Francis J. Butler, bog manager. ilding and on the north side is a building and on the north side is a , large general office room. A men's rm a closet complete room and janitor's closet the rooms on the ground floor. The buildin has a Wellington bluet door e door at both front and rear, which color scheme is carried out in the floor coverings of the corridor. The walls and finishings of the corridor and the wide stairway which leads to the second story are of fawn, tan and delicate peach. Glass bricks are at the sides of both the front and rear entrances, giving in much light and at night making an at- tractive feature from the inside il- lumination. The whole building is air con- ditioned and heated by an auto- matic, thermostatically-controlled oil burner. The general office, that oil burner he office, that of Mr. Makepeace and his private ffice have special ceilings to pre vent echoes of typwriter "click vent echoes of typwriter click- ings or other nose from being troublesome. At the rear, opening on a porch under a generous canopy are two windows for the paying off of pickers and other bog workers. The second floor has a large stor- age room across the front and part way along the north side to hold the records of the Makepeace com- pany which date back many years, and other supplies. The front room is large enough for general meet- ings and can be used as such. At the rear is a kitchen, completely equipped with gas range, sink, cab- inet and cooking utensils where the eight girl clerks of the company may prepare mid-day lunches or food for other gatherings. There is a most spacious women's room and a dining or rest room. floors are of concrete and the whole building is practically fireproof and contains about every arrangement for beauty and utility. is enormous window space There is enormous window space and a great many indirect lights. Although the cover photograph of the building shows snow and no lawn or shrubery, these are planned for spring. is in fact a strong The building, in fact is a strong attestment to the cranberry industry in its conception and cost, and t the faith of the A. D. Makepeace C mpany in the future of cranberry Frost in Oregon g r ng .f ^ + +ArtificialWind Cal acine n Ore B ETHELM. KRANICK A means of fighting frost by ar tificial wind from airplane propellers has been successfully used for several years now on cranberry bogs in Washington and is finding continued success in Southern Oregon. L. M. Kranick used one of these machines on his bog near Bandon, Oregon last year with such satisfying results that he will use three 1940 in order to give more com o verge i of og The machine used by Mr. Kranick consists of an airplane propeller of 5'-2" diameter turned by a Star or urant motor. The machine sets on piling 11 feet above the ground. The motor is operated at 1650 r.p.m. and circulates air in a 250 feet radius. In order to give circulation in all directions, a set of gears is arranged to turn the machine completely around even seven minutes. These machines should be installed and be in running order immediately after the winter flood is let off, as the early spring frost does damage to some varieties. The critical point occurs when the berries are in bud, and special vigilance should be taken at that time. The date of the last killing frost is variable for different parts of (Continued on Page 8) al_/ -T\oNAL CRANBERRY FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Jan. Unusually There has been Cold in M8ass. continued cold Ms. ct cind Some Bogs Par-in M assachu- tially Flowed setts during January. A good many bogs are only par- tially flooded, due to poor water supplies. However as there has been snow almost continually in Massachusetts which has protected the vines, there has probably not been much damage, even though temperatures have been sub-freez- ing and frequently around zero in the early morning hours. Cape Cod Cran-The first meet- berry Clubs ings of the Hold First Win-winter season ter for the Cape Meetings tereetis Cod Cranberry clubs were held in January. The first was that of the Upper Chpe club at Liberty hall in Marstons Mills, January 8. There was a bus- iness session, following the supper and a discussion of frost reports. Marcus L. Urann, president of Cranberry Canners, Inc., of South Hanson, spoke upon the subject, "Cooperative Effort Wins Again". Bertram Tomlinson, Barnstable County, gave a report on cranberry activities, and there was an address by Harrison F. Goddard of Ply- mouth, the new president of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation. Motion pictures were shown through the courtesy of the extension service. The second meeting was that of the Lower Cape Cod Cranberry Club, January 10, at the Grange hall. Dennis. "Facts Vs. Fancies in MarketingCranberries", was the subject of a talk by Mr. Urann. President Elnathan E. Eldredge of Orleans introduced Mr. Goddard, he stress- ing the necessity of cooperative methods. Mr. Tomlinson told of the Cape Cod cranberry activities of the past few years. Other speakers were James Dayton, county agent at large of the Massachusetts State College of Agriculture at Amherst and Bertram Ryder of Cotuit, pres- ident of the Upper Cape Club. An interesting point of this meeting was that speakers told of the rapid gains of cranberry production in Wisconsin. Annual Meet-The annual ings of Both meeting of the Clubs in Feb. Upper C a p e Club is sched- uled for February 12 at Fort Pitt, Osterville, when the election of officers will be held. There will be a new cranberry film shown lasting one-half hour, a talk, "What's New in Weed Control", by Dr. Henry J. Franklin, director State Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion at East Wareham, and an- other, "The Latest on Beach Plums", by Wilfred Wheeler of Falmouth, one of the pioneers in this new, coming industry. The an- nual meeting of the Lower Cape Club will be held at the Brewster town hall on February 14, with election of officers also. The cran- berry film will be shown. Dr. Franklin will repeat his talk on weeds and' there will be other speakers. Cape Cod C a p e C o d Farmers Night farming was At Chamber the discussion Meeting at the first an- nual Farmers' Night of the Cape Cod Chamber of Commerce, the meeting being held under the leadership of Bertram Tomlinson, Barnstable County Agricultural Agent. Speaking for the cranberry growers of the Cape, I. Grafton Howes, veteran grower of Dennis, where cranberries were first cultivated, reviewed the his- tory of cranberry growing. He told of the changing and improving methods of growing, harvesting, packing and marketing.s New J As in Massa Bogs in Many chusetts, New Cases Drier Jersey t h i s Than Normal winter had a Wether ver dry sell r Cold with the result that many of tle Jersey bogs have little water upon them. During January the weather was extremely cold, as aGm. ByC.J.H. was also the case in Massachusetts, it being below freezing most -of the time. This has allowed a good bit of ice sanding there for those bogs which were adequately flooded and most growers who could have taken full advantage of this opportunity. Late Holdings New Jersey Of Flood to Be growers a r e Extensive in pleased to see Jersey This late holding of Spring water in the spring as a recognized practice by the A. A. A. and more bogs will be held late this coming spring than ever before, although it is too early yet to say just how many bogs will be so handled. The practice is es pecially adapted to large unsanded bogs that normally do not produce large crops. It seems that eliminating the crop for one year allows the vines to get into good condition so that they will bear well for a number of years. One instance of which there are records is that of a 40 acre bog that produced 800 bushels previous to late holding. The year of treatment there was no crop but th fllowing year it produced'rod' 4,500 bushels, the it bhl, next year 3,000, the next 1,800, and the next 1,000 bushels. The results in this case were perhaps better than usually obtained by late holding, but it does give a general idea of what may be expected by this practice. Washington Growers in the Bogs Being cranberry sec- Sanded and tion of Ilwa- Sprnkler Sys-co, Washing tn are dn tems Installed ton, are doing considerable sanding this winter. The resanding will be done by the pumping method as it appears that this has proved satisfactory as well as economical. Many growers in Washington state are installing srinkling systems also for the 1940 year. It seems to have been definitely shown there that yields from areas so irrigated have b^e'c (Continued on Page 7) Threec ^ ^ listeners ^Cp_JCod^ /^ \_ _Cr t coming through to other Cape Cod Cranberry Growers than cranberry men. A • . 11 18 ^ "1 Association bpecia HoldS Meeting; Large Attendance New President lHarrison F. Goddard to report at some future ~GoddarC IUp Slub-~ Ilmeeting. d ~Br~ings The questions, if radio warnings be awouldas efficient as the present warnings by telephone directly to the homes of growers subscribing to the telephone warning service, whether the radio would be as eliable as the telephone, and that the grower might not be listeningin at the time of the warning, or be able to tune in the desired station, were brought out. . Ject of Greater Coordina- tion Among Various Mass. Groups -Frost Warnings by Radio and Growers See Prevue of Splendid Movie, "Cranberry Craft on Old *CapeCod" a. Cape Cod". -—~'~ specL .f Cape 3. .eeting 'he A special meeting of the Cod Cranberry Growers' associa- tion was held at the Wareham tion wn~as Wareham, 1V~aa~a Wed- town hall, he-ldllatm Mass., nesday, Jan. 31, which was very largely attended, and three matters of importance were taken up. These were a pre of a color fil, "ranberry Craf on Old Cape Cod," to be available for showing to various organiza- : showavsing various for to tions over the country the desira- country; bility of radio frost warnings, per- haps to succeed the present system of warnings to growers by tele- phone, and plans to build a strong- er cooperation between Massachu- ,, , et. setts cranberry grower groups. This latter plan, proposed by President Harrison F. Goddard of Plymouth, after an informal meet- ing with some of the cranberry growers recently, is for a greater consolidation. There is now the big Cape growers' association which has been in existence for more than 50 years, two Cape Cod Cranberry clubs, and two more are being formed in Plvmouth county. It was hoped for greater coordina- tion between these groups with the big association the parent group, and to have a combined pay- ment to automatically include membership in the association, one of the cranberry clubs, and also a subscription to "Cranberries," the national cranberry magazine published at Wareham, the maga- zine to become the official organ for monthly bulletins. Motions on both the radio frost warnings and the coordination of the growers were made that a committee be named by President Four "Cranberry Craft on Old Cape Cod" was made by the Massachu- setts Extension Service from Am- herst, with the photography beau-of Mion, tifully done by Rollin T. Bartlettcommittee, of Amherst, with the 1 i 1 film voted last year by the associa- tion. It opened, showing a house- wife buying cranberries in a gro- then showed methods of serving cranberries both canned and fresh, at multiple noo^Qtr Tanklin occasions and at various times of the year It showed the arduous and costly work of making a cranberry bol There were most attractive views of historic spots in "The Cape Cod rner Cranberry Country"; harvesting by scoops, and the gathering of foars complete showing of floaters. A complete showing of the canning of sauce and cranbry cocktail was included, screening and shipping of fresh screening and shipping of fresh erries t ret Derries to mark A feature of great interest to the growers was the depicting of Dr. Henry J. Franklin at the State Experiment Station at East Ware- ham going about his work of gathering his data preparatory to sending out a frost warning by telephone, and the reception of the warning by a grower (enacted by Melville C. Beaton) at his home, who disgustedly puts on his hat and hastens out into the night to start flooding. It also showed bog flooding for frost and winter pro- tection. Mr. Goddard next brought up radio frost warnings and said that some of the smaller growers did not have telephones, but did have car radios, and that money might be saved n this method. Speaking on this subject was Andrew Kerr of Barnstable, who told how so many people listen to the radio, and it was brought out that there might be an advertising value to the radio cranberry frost warning, could see objections to the change over, and really was in favor of a continuance of telephone warnings, although there might be atog tee igt e a money saving, and pointed out there are already frost warnings from Station WBZ in Boston. Dr. frm Sin WZ B . said radio warningss raln a o warnings would probably not coincide with the period of his sending out, and as they were based upon definite formulas, gathered over a period of years and correct only for certain hours, there was an objection n there.•M Russell Makepeace of Wareham inquired if the Extension Service had any concrete program planned out. Willard A. Munson, director of the Extension Service at Amherst, .-,. i, said their facilities at present were unsuited to the cranberry industry in regard to time, that broadcasts would have to be repeated several times for the safeguard of all the growers, and that a great deal of study should be put into the matter before there was any change over. The matter of improved coordination between the various Massachusetts groups was then explained by President Goddard, who said the groups should in some way be more centralized, with the association at the head, and that an official monthly bulletin for general information was desirable. He suggested the monthly Cranberry magazine might be worked into this matter. Mr. Kerr moved the appointing of a committee, and Russell Makepeace stressed the point that the cranberry clubs seemed to be growing stronger than the older and main organization. (Continued on Page 8) 0 Jg•^^ ISSUE OF FEBRUARY, 1940 I ^ Cll ^Vol. 4 THAT NEW MAKEPEACE OFFICE CONGRATULATIONS to the A. D. Make- peace Co., of Wareham on the plan- ning and conception of its new, handsome brick office building are most decid- edly in order. It is a high tribute to the cranberry industry, to the foresight of the Makepeace Company and its faith in the cranberry business. Such a magnificent building devoted entirely to the cranberry interests of a single company could scarcely have been dreamed of not many years ago. WOULD RADIO BE BETTER? E ARE pretty much in sympathy with those growers who expressed possible doubts that radio frost warnings should succeed the present frost warning tele- phone system in Massachusetts. As organized at present and with Dr. H. J. Franklin's efficiency as forecaster the pres- ent system has been of great value and reliability. Warnings by radio may be better and less costly but that should be proven thoroughly before there is any change made. CENTRALIZING MASS. GROUPS THE SPIRIT of cooperation and of unity among the various cranberry growers continues to expand. The special meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' asso- ciation on January 31st, called by the new president, Harrison F. Goddard of Ply- mouth, an unusual time for a meeting of this group, was very gratifyingly attended. This association, now more than half a cen- tury old, believes,there should be coopera- tion between it and the Cape cranberry clubs, and the two new clubs which now seem to be assured of organization in Ply- mouth County. President Goddard desires more centralization for the good of the in- dustry as a whole, as there seems to be a feeling that now cranberry growing is reaching maturity. It was a splendid movie that those at- tending the meeting saw presented for the first time. It was made by the Massachu- setts Extension Service, with money put up by the association for the cost of the film. No hungry man should see this film for it shows cranberries served in myriad ways No. 10 ALCR PUBLISHED MONTHLY at the WAREHAM COURIER OFFICE, WAREHAM MASSACHUSETTS, U. S. A Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor Subscription $2.00 per year Advertising rates upon application CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS New Jersey CHARLES S. BECKWITH State Cranberry Specialist Pemberton, N. J. Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Pullman, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New York City Representative KENT LIGHTY 280 Madison Ave. Tel. Lexington 2-3595 with other tempting foods. It is also exceedingly educational as to how cranberries are grown and reach the consumer. Designed for showings before clubs and various organizations anywhere it should broadcast a good deal of cranberry information to those who know little about the cranberry. The cranberry growers in Massachusetts and other states are "doing things", and "going places". Five Jersey, and is better flavored than Jersey or Rubel but not so aromatic as Stanley. Its scar is not so good as that of Stanley, Jersey or Rubel. D BLBER In season, about with Jersey; prop- STHE BLUEKBEKY WERagates very easily. VGRO Burlington is a cross of Rubel and Pioneer. Where tested in New Jersey the bush is very vigorous and productive, more so than that of Jersey and Rubel; clusters med-UnitedStates -Deartment of ium in size; the berry alight blue, Uniiate t s U flavored, second to Stanley in tpariiaiga fine A .•g~l F^ this respect; large and has exree cellent scar; in season later than Agriculture [leases ^Rl~ any other sort now grown in New (New CultivateI Jersey, about week lBleBeIrries being a later ewvi ultivatelDue erres than the Jersey. It propagates easily. These Are the Atlantic, Peams-Jersey are set forth as follows: The U. S. Department of Agricul- These Are the Atlantic, Pemr-^ ^ ^^. ture has no plants of these varieties berton and Burlington and Atlantic, tested as GN 45, is, a for distribution. Show Promise As Late cross of Jersey and Pioneer. Where Maturing Varieties. it has been tested in New Jersey _____ the bush is vigorous and the clus-Blueberry Culture The Bureau of Plant Industry ters are large. Compared to Rubel In Massachusetts has just released for propagation it is much less costly to prune and (Continued from last month) and introduction three new blue-somewhat more productive. The berry varieties produced as a re-berry has a better blue color, is The Improvement of Wild Highbush suit of experiments by its breeding much larger, has a slightly better Blueberries investigations over a period of sev-scar, is somewhat better flavored, There are many acres of wild eral years. These three new blue-and is about with Rubel in season. highbush blueberries in this State berries, originated by the late Dr. It is probably more difficult to prop-where the bushes are yielding F. V. Coville, are named "Atlantic", agate than Rubel. much below their capacity because "Pemberton", and "Burlington", Pemberton, tested as Fl 66, is a of lack of care. They can be made and are introduced for trial by cross of Katharine and Rubel, and to double or triple their yield with- those interested in late maturing has the same parentage as Stanley. out great expense or labor. commercial varieties. Where it has been tested in New In 1926 experiments were laid All three are notably resistant Jersey the bush is exceptionally out on blueberry land in Hubbardsto cracking in rainy seasons. The vigorous and productive, more so ton, Royalston, Westminster, Ash" Atlantic" and "Pemberton" bear than that of Stanley, Jersey, and burnham, and Barre, Massachuvery large fruit. The "Pemberton" Rubel; the clusters are very large; setts, to try to increase the yield has the most vigorous bush of any the berry is dark blue, larger, holds of wild bushes. The treatments variety now in a planting near up in size better than Stanley or (Continued on Page 8) Pemberton, N. J., where it has been tested. The Burlington also has an exceptionally vigorous fine bush. The fruit of the "Burlington" does not tear in picking, and has the ' it l characteristics of an excellent BLULJDEBEARR 1 A T keeping and shipping sort. It is somewhat later than both Jersey The "ATLANTIC" -The "PEMBERTON" and Rubel, being, in fact, the latest Jst released by the U.S. D. A. variety now grown at Whitesbog, N. J. "Atlantic" and "Pemberton" LATE BEARING --EXCELLENT QUALITY ripen about with "Jersey" and "Ruersey" Berries, bel"ripens a thand "Ru-Large Vigorous, H-eavy Producers bel". The berries of all three hold up well in size at the later pickings.. All three have been hardy PRICES ON REQUEST in New Jersey, and in a limited test at Amherst, Mass., the "Pemberton" has been hardy. THEODOPE H EERTON, The characteristics of these va-NEW JERSEY r'ctics as grown in central New Six o Hanson, Mass., and other packersOne of Nations of cranberry sauce marks the fact s Canners canning of cranberries that the Largest Canners O ens 1 E.Plant 'e *i ° Stockley Bros. & Co., n1C., of Indiana Canning Cran- berries at New Bedford, Mass., on Large Scale. Further evidence of the import- ance of canning in the cranberryindustry is attested to by the entry of Stokely Brothers and Company, Inc., of Indianapolis, Indiana into this field upon a large scale. Stokely Brothers is the largest canner of vegetables in the country and the third largest canners of vegetables and fruits combined. Last year the Stokely Bros. and Co. did $9,500,- busine. 000.00 gross 000.00 gross business. Last June Stokely opened a can- ning plant in New England at New Bedford, Massachusetts, which is on the fringe of the world's largest cranberry growing area. Although cranberries were not the only fac- tor concerned in opening in New England it was a prime one, others being to establish a New England center of production, distribution and sales of "Stokely's Finest Foods", and Van Camp's. While well know in all other parts of the country, particularly in the Mid- West and West, and South, Stokely products have hithertofore not been distributed greatly in New England. M. A. Dunham, manager of New England operations, who has pioneered branches for Stokely in many parts of the United States calls it the "last Stokely frontier". Coming East to process the fa- mous Cape Cod cranberry, Stokely is located in the former huge Whit- man mill buildings at 90 Riverside avenue in New Bedford's North End. Stokely owns the entire prop- erty, which was a few years ago filled with the hum of cotton spindles when New Bedford was a much more important textile center than today. The entry of Stokely Brothers in- to the cranberry canning field with Minot Food Packers, Inc., of Ham- monton, New Jersey, the Hills Brothers Company of New York, Cranberry Canners, Inc., of South will play a part of increasing im- w portance in the nation's cranberry diet. The can and the can opener as, is not disputed, have come to stay. The vastness of the canning indus- try was shown last month when some 15,000 attended the convention of canners and allied industries in Chicago, the canners' conventions being the largest held in the coun- try with the exception of those of the two leading political parties. The Stokely Brothers started in the canning business about 40 years ago in the small town of Newport in the mountains of Eastis Tennessee, where choice vegetables are grown. The business has now passed into the hands of the second and third generations of the Stokely family, and the Stokely canning facilities have spread from coast to coast and the Lakes to the Gulf. More than 150,000 acres of farm land feed 41 Stokely plants in 12 states with the general offices at Indianapolis with more plants lo- cated in Indiana than any other state. There is a Stokely plant in every one of the principal cran- berry growing states with the ex- ception of Oregon. All Stokely plants are located close to farms from which fast trucks carry the fresh garden produce. Other products than cranberries grown adjacent to the Cape, such as beans of various varieties will be canned at New Bedford, it is planned. It would be difficult to name a vegetable product which Stokely does not can-corn, beets, peas, tomatoes, asparagus, sauerkraut 'a.~~ efto pumpkins, and many fruits and soup, 53 items in all. Hominy is canned, which is becoming popular in northern states as well as in the South. Some time ago Stokely ac- quired the old established Van Camp Company and Van Camp's famous Pork and Beans is one of the products packed at New Bed- ford. Stokely has been canning cran- berries in a rather small way for a decade. Cranberry sauce was first put out by Stokely in 1929 at their Cumberland plant in Wisconsin. Cumberland is about 100 miles northwest of Wisconsin Rapids, the cranberry center of that state. The berries canned then were naturally Wisconsin grown. Three years later in 1932 Stokely moved its cranberry operations to one of its plants located at Rehoboth Beach, Delaware, where cranberries from nearby New Jersey and also Cape Cod were processed. Now Stokely has its plant near Cape Cod and is of course putting up the famed Cape Cod fruit. Although the exact number of Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 3) safe to say that most of the Washington bogs will be under sprinkler irrigation within the next few years. Since most of the Wash ington bogs cannot be flooded for frost control the sprinkler system will eliminate the necessity of installing other devices in frost protection About 40 New Approximately Acres For 40 acres of Washington new bog will be planted in Washington this year. Some of this is in the section known as s a nw development and has just been made available during the past year. This new bog is located wtn a fou sprotection r a and water for frost and irrigation is thus available without excessive cost. Wisconsin Has Sanding a s Cold January-gone on in Sanding Done Wisconsin this winter work. The weathe usual weather has been cold and some 20 degrees below have been reported. There has not been a great deal of snow hamper work, and the weather aun y warm to the was unusually warm up to the first of the year. Most marshes in the Wisconsin Rapids area went into the winter flood with plenty of water supplies, but there was not so much in the Tomah-Mather section. Market Dullin There was not Jan., Few too much mar- Berries Left ket activity in January f or what few beries remain. However, the market has lately been showing a little activity and the New England Cranberry Sales holdiany believes that all its holdings will be distributed' and consumed during February. Seven cases of cranberries canned last fall is not known, "several thous- ands of barrels" were made into sauce. About 150 persons were employed at the peak of the can- ning season. So far Stokely is put- ting out only a strained sauce. They expect to increase their volume of sauce next and in coming years. The bulk of their sauce is sold under the label, "Stokely's Finest", two other trade names being "Ex- quisite" and "Fame". Labels carry the seal of approval of Good- Housekeeping Magazine, and on the back of the labels around the cans there are "table-tested" receipts for the use of the sauce. For the past decade or so Stokely has been a national advertiser with full page ads in such magazines as "Woman's Home Companion", "Good Housekeeping", the "Ladies Home Journal", and "Life". Cranberry sauce has not been advertised as a single item in this way by Stokely yet, but will be, which means there will be one more agency to help in stimulating the appetites of the nation for more cranberries. Their advertisements have shown cranberry sauce along with other items. Annual Report of Dr. Henry J. Franklin (Continued from inside front cover) to 2/2 feet tall are killed readily at any time during the summer with half a pint of kerosene poured about the base and a pint kills about the base and a kills bushes up to 6 feet tall, these was very harmful to them in July and August. 6. Ferrous sulphate mixed 9 to 1 with sodium chloride and placed in single large handfuls at the bases of royal and cinnamon ferns (Osmunda) completely eradicated them with less injury to cranberry vines than that caused by controls previously advocated. 7. One and a half pounds of sodium arsenate in 100 gallons of water applied lightly early in Aug- ust was very effective in eradicating partridge pea and false pimp- ernel. 8. July applications showed that 3,200 gallons of ocean water an acre is necessary to completely de- stroy haircap moss. The moss showed no recovery 21/2 months after this treatment. The cranberry vines were not harmed by it. No bog flooded by the tide of the Sep- tember, 1938 hurricane had any living haircap moss in 1939. 9. The conclusion of last year that a fine spray of 100 pounds of sodium chloride in 100 gallons of water is safe to use in treating the wild bean (Apios) if less than 200 gallons to the acre is applied was confirmed. Injury to the cran- berry vines from this spray has al- ways been due to the use of exces- sive amounts rather than to concentration. The nozzles must be held high enough to prevent driving too much of the material into thick foliage. 10 A 1 tes o e-and .T10. •i-J 100 of pulver- About tests ized and grandular cyanamid were made on 42 kinds of bog weeds. obtained unless some form of ar tificial heat is placed under the ma chine and the warmed air allowed to circulate. Editor's Note: A wind machine, similar in principal to those on the West Coast, has been set up and experimentally used at the State Experiment Bog at East arehamouss th eing the first to C C Cape Cod ranberry Growers' Association Holds Special Meeting (Continued from Page 4) Prof. Sievers, director of the State College at Amherst, and James Dayton, county agent at large, also of Amherst, and J. T. Brown of Brockton, Plymouth County agent, were also speakers. Mr. Brown invited growers to be present at the supper and meetings to be held at Rochester, Feb. 27, and at Kingston, Feb. 29. These meetings are being sponsored by the association and by the county extension service and are to a large extent to form cranberry clubs in Plymouth county similar to those in Barnstable county. This is, perhaps, the first time a special mid-winter meeting has been held and its interest was proven by the large attendance. Blueberry Culture (Continued from Page 6) were as follows: (1) all large trees e second growth shading the o .saigt blueberries were removed, (2) the b s bushes were pruned, (3) fertilizer was applied. The pruning varied from removing a quarter of the bush to cutting it wholly to the ground. The fertilizers used were: nitrate of soda, ammonium sulfate, rFigheFrcalurec , yanamid, 4-8-4, and ,rea nitrophoska. Different combinations of ferilizers and pruning were tried. The following results were observed: 1. Removal of other vegetation increased the growth of the blueberry bushes. 2. Pruning, where not excessive, increased growth and yield. Removal of more than a quarter of the bush was too severe. Bushes cut to the ground yielded a few berries the third year thereafter but produced no commercial crop till the fourth year. W.herever the weeds were killed the shrubs, like the coarse bramble, being very root tender to this oil. The foliage of the treated bushes remains green from 2 to 4 weeks and then suddenly turns brown and dry; the coarse bramble is apt to stay green for a month after the treatment and may even bloom be- fore it dies. The small bushes may be killed by spraying the tops with kerosene, but large ones are not much affected by such spraying even when it is heavy. 5. Ferric sulphate, 2400 pounds to an acre, eradicated sensitive (Onoclea) and feather (Dryopteris) ferns completely and 95 per cent of horsetail (Equisetum). It did not injure the cranberry vines much early and late in the season but Eight cranberry vines suffered also. Artificial Wind Machines In n F (Continued from Page 2) the country, but has occurred in Washington as late as July 9. The principle of this method of frost protection is not to warm the air but merely to circulate it. On many cold mornings the air will gather in layers of warm and cold. The wind machine will circulate the air producing an average tempera- ture all over the bog, which may be several degrees higher than that at the coldest point. When all of the air is cold, no results can be Electricity Hauck Kerosene Flame-Gun-2000 0 F. controlled heat-quickly... easily... economically destroys weeds (seeds and all), brush, other objectionable growths. Keeps roadways, fences, irrigation Every Purpose | PLYMOUTH COUNTY ELECTRIC CO. WAREHAM --PLYMOUTH MASSACHUSETTS 3. Fertilization increased the growth and yield of the bushes. These increases seemed to be due to nitrogen rather than to any other fertilizer element. 4. A combination of fertilization and pruning was much better than either alone. 5. The increase in production on the fertilized plots was due mostly to an increase in the number of berries per bush. It was impossible to obtain satisfactory comparative yield records under the conditions of the experiments. The bushes varied both in size and number per acre. Although the pickers were assigned to different parts of the field, they picked in the fertilized plots whenever possible, with or without permission. This is very good evidence of the better picking found there, 6. The berries on the fertilized plots tended to be larger, but the size of wild berries varies greatly and cannot be increased beyond limits set by inheritance. 7. Fertilized bushes had a marked tendency toward annual bearing, unfertilized bushes towards biennial bearing, 8. The berries on the fertilized plots were firmer during dry per- .I___ iods than those on unfertilized areas. 9. A terminal shoot growth of about ten inches was most favor- able. Any increase in length up to ten inches increased yield. Longer shoots were apt to be too vegetative for maximum production. These observations are the basi:, for the following improvement pro- gram: First, remove all trees and bushes tall enough to shade the blue- berries. This will often supply the winter's wood, thus making the la- bor serve a double purpose. If valuable timber trees are present, the owner must choose between blueberries and timber. The mow- ing of low bushes growing with the blueberries helps also. Second, prune the blueberry bushes in winter or early spring before growth starts. Take out all dead wood first, then some of the oldest stems, cutting them off four or five inches from the ground. This can be done best with long-handled lopping shears. Third, fertilize the bushes. Apply 200 pounds of nitrate of soda per acre, or some other nitrogenous fertilizer at a rate to give a like amount of nitrogen. ditches, orchards, etc., clean. Hundred and one uses. Inexpensive- Safe-Easy to use. Pays for itself in time and money saved. 10 day Free Trial. Write for Free literature and special introductory price. HAUCK MFG. CO. · IMV LI Ir'^.\ f181 TENTH ST. _ _BROOKLYN, N.Y. We Have Listings of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY arehamas Blosachusetts Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Is~~ Pumps Satisfaction ~ Means ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 Fourth, select and tag the more productive bushes and give them special attention. ARE YOU AWARE OF THE FACT .. THAT in 1939 nearly 6,000,000 farmers participated in soil con servation through the AAA THAT cheese is now being retailed in cans and that in 1939 nearly a million pounds was marketed in this new way .... THAT the United States Department of Agriculture has arranged to get the most complete census on bee keeping to obtain information about the supply of honey .. THAT the U. S. Department of Agriculture gathers statistics on 26 kinds of vegetables; the U. S. D. A. Seed Service recognizes 47; a leading seed firm lists about 80 different kinds of vegetables, but of all vegetables grown in this country the first and most important one is the potato .... THAT the Ozark territory has become one of the largest strawberry producing regions in America, some 2,000 carloads being shipped ... THE COLLEY CRANBERRY COMPANY Packers and Distributors of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Plymouth Massachusetts We again quote from "Using Your Fruit and Vegetable Co-op." by A. W. McKay "In the marketing of fruits and vegetables, successful associations have consistently given their attention to the job which they were set up to perform, that is, the marketing of the products of their members. "The greatest success in the cooperative marketing of fruits and vegetables has come through the coordination of the work of several associations if these * * * * * handle similar commodities. There are many services which a local association can perform, but it has been found that for the most effective work in marketing * * * * several associations working together through a federation can accomplish more than any one of them alone." The Massachusetts cranberry cooperative has been affiliated with cooperative organizations in New Jersey and in Wisconsin since it was incorporated in 1907. New England Cranberry Sales Company 9 Station Street -Middleboro, Mass. Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page PREVIOUS..............Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine January, 1940 NEXT...................Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine March, 1940 GO TO INDEX
Object Description
Title | Cranberries - The National Cranberry Magazine, 1940-02 |
Subject | Cranberries - The Magazine; |
Type | Text |
Format | image/pdf; |
Identifier | 4002CRAN.pdf |
Rights | 2008 Wetherby Cranberry Library; |
Submitting Institution | Wetherby Cranberry Library; |
Date Digitized | 2000-11-10 |
Coverage-Spatial | Cape Cod; New Jersey; Wisconsin; Oregon; Washington |
Coverage-Temporal | 1940-1949; |
Creator | Bob Taylor; Carolyn Gilmore; Carolyn Laban; Irving Demoranville; Phillip E. Marucci; Elizabeth G. Carpenter; I. V. Hall; Arthur Poole; Azmi Y. Shawa, Tod D. Planer; Dan Brockman; Joan E. Humphrey |
Date | 1940-02 |
Date Last Updated | 2008-07-31 |
Language | English |
Relation | Cranberries - The National Cranberry Magazine |
Description | The magazine entitled, “Cranberries – The National Cranberry Magazine,” describes grower information, regional news, and developments in the cranberry industry in the United States and Canada. |
Format-Medium | Magazine; |
Publisher | Wareham Courier Office |
Digitizer | Stosh Jonjak |
Description
Subject | Cranfest; Recipes |
Type | Image |
Format | Image/jpeg |
Rights | 2008 Wetherby Cranberry Library |
Submitting Institution | Wetherby Cranberry Library |
Date Digitized | 2008-07-22 |
Coverage-Spatial | Warrens, Wisconsin |
Creator | Cranfest; Warrens Cranberry Festival |
Date Last Updated | 2008-10-15 |
Language | English |
Relation | cranfest recipe brochures |
Description | For more photographs like this one, visit the Cranberry Library Photostream on Flickr at: http://www.flickr.com/photos/cranberrylibrary/sets/ |
Format-Medium | brochure |
Publisher | Cranfest; Warrens Cranberry Festival |
Transcript | / _.IOtoALCRANB AGAZNE ERRY CAPE COD WVISCONSIN A. D. MAKEPEACE COMPANY'S Splendid New Building at Wareham, Mass. *1FEBRUA. K. 20 cents BEST FOR THE PURPOSE CRANBERRY BOXES MADE FROM NATIVE WHITE PINE Grown and Manufactured Here F. H. COLE Established 1707 MANUFACTURER OF WOODEN BOXES AND SHOOKS NORTH CARVER, MASS. Annual Report of Dr. Henry J. Franklin (Continued from last month) An infestation of over three hop- pers to 50 sweeps of an insect net calls for treatment at any time. Because of the rising cost of pyre- thrum products and the falling cost of rotenone dusts and the blanket effectiveness of the latter on the fruit worm, the black-headed fire- worm, and this leafhopper, the time for treatment may shift in many cases from the last week in June to around July 10. Pyrethrum Dusts. There have been many puzzling failures of these materials to control cran- berry pests. Checkings of stated pyrethrin content lead to the con- elusion that these have probably nearly always been due to inferior quality of the material used. The purchase of pyrethrum from large local distributors who can have the pyrethrum content of the dust they are handling determined is a pro- tection here. Prevalence of Cranberry Pests. The relative general abundance of cranberry pests in Massachusetts in the 1939 season was as follows: 1. Gypsy moth more abundant in Plymouth county than in 1938, being quite troublesome in some localities; extremely destructive on the middle and outer Cape, even more so than in 1938. 2. Blunt-nosed 1e af h o p p e r (Ophiola) even scarcer than last year, due to general treatment. 3. Cranberry fruit worm (Min- eola) generally less prevalent than Tel. 46-5 normal, less so than in 1938. 4. Black-headed fireworm more prevalent than last year but widely controlled by disease. 5. Firebeetle somewhat reduced from 1938. 6. Green and brown spanworms slightly increased from 1938. 7. Cutworms definitely less than last year and less than usual. 8. Cranberry girdler (Crambus) and Spittle insect (Clastoptera) about the same as in 1938 and rather less than normal. 9. Cranberry root grub (Amphi- coma). There seems to be a slow general increase of this pest from year to year in spite of effective treatments. 10. Weevil (Anthonomus) about as last year, more prevalent than normal. 11. Tipworm (Dasyneura) wide- ly prevalent. CONTROL OF CRAN. BOG WEED by CHESTER E. CROSS A total of 730 weed control plots were treated during the months of June to September, inclusive. Of these 410 were treated variously witth water-white kerosene and the rest with the following, alone and in some combination: Sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium chlorate, sodium arsenate, copper sulphate, ferrous sulphate, ferric sulphate, cyanamid, and ocean water. Results of 1938 work were also examined. The following find- ings from all this are of particular interest: 1. Water-white kerosene, ap- REMEMBER! This Magazine at the service of advertisers to th cranberry industry plied 800 gallons an acre in early November with a watering can, eradicated a thick lot of rice cut- grass (Leersia) nicely. 2. A large number of plots were used to compare the weed control values of the kerosenes of the following producers: Atlantic Refining Co., Cities Service Refining Co., Colonial Beacon Oil Co., Gulf Oil Corp., Shell Oil Co., Socony- Vacuum Oil Co., and Texas Co. These concerns very kindly loaned the Cranberry Station drums to hold the kerosenes. No definite relation was found between the performance of these oils and the analyses provided by the producers. All the plots treated with them in June, July, and August showed some cranberry vine injury, but the Cities Service and Colonial products did definitely more harm than the others. The Gulf, Shell, and Atlantic kerosenes burned the vines least. All the kerosenes seemed to have about the same power to kill weeds. 3. An attempt was made to find more precisely the best ways to apply kerosene. The watering-can distributes the oil much faster than hand sprayers and therefore tends to make heavier and more effective applications, but it is harder to secure an even and complete coverage with it. The same kerosene applied to equal areas in equal amounts with a watering can and a sprayer burns the cranberry vines to the same extent. 4. Bushes of the hoary or speckled alder (Alnus incana) up (Continued on Page 8) "A Sense of Humor" While awaiting the return of Spring's activities and for those inclined to become weary and bored during the long Winter days, we quote the following, said to have been offered in the eighteenth century. "Give us a good digestion, Lord, And also something to digest. Give us a healthy body, Lord, With sense to keep it at its best. To keep the good and pure in sight, Which, seeing sin, is not appalled, But finds a way to set it right. Give us a mind that is not bored, That does not whimper, whine or sigh; Don't let us worry overmuch About the fussy thing called I. Give us a sense of humor, Lord; Give us the grace to see a joke, To get some happiness from life, And pass it on to other folk. Amen." MINOT FOOD PACKERS, INC. HAMMONTON, NEW JERSEY "My! daddy, that MIN-OT kwamberry thauth ith good !" . Attractivne Well Designed for Attractiveness and 1i.it A.D*\{t•ac C . or. A1 Utility, the A. D.Makepeace Co. Office Is Completed Semi-Modernistic in Design, New StoT' *a ructure Is" Un New Structure Is Un- doubtedly World's Finest Building Devoted Entirely ^ °, * , rr to Cranberries -Is Two Stories High with Front- age of 49 Feet and Depth age of r^ Feet and 1DepaB of 66 Feet. What is the finest building de- voted exclusively to the cranberry industry is the new A. D. Make- peace Company office building at 266 Main street, Wareham, Mas- 266 Main street, sachusetts. It was completed last month and was opened to the gen- eral public for inspection, January 26, when a great many availed themselves of the opportunity to s the seleso the o rtunty to see the new structure. It is semi-modernistic in design and has every possible modern con- venience. It is a two story brick block, designed by J. William Beal Sons of 185 Devonshire street, Bos- ton, and built by the C. A. Babson Company, general contractors of Brockton, Massachusetts and the complicated wiring job was done by Alfred L. Pappi of Wareham. This building replaces an old wooden house, formerly occupied by the Makepeace interests, which was demolished last spring to give additional space to the new Ware- ham post office building now located next door. The frontage of the building is 49 feet and the depth is 66. Simple in design, it is an extremely at- tractive building, as seen both from the exterior and interior. There is a half-circular front entrance, which leads into a round foyer, with a 12-foot radius. Three round windows on the second floor relieve the austerity of the facade. On the south side there is a gently-curving bay window. The roof is flat with a limestone parapet across the front. At either side of the foyer are offices, where callers are met. The office of John C. Makepeace, president, comes next and is called the "oak room", as its walls are of Two ComleedA At vvre MBoth At Wareham, Mass. beautiful, light waxedThere brown Lockeweave rug of deep Loc e rg of dp texture, and modern office equip- texture, nd modern office equip- men . hin thi ofice somewhat in the nature of a recep i e are a ce tion room is Mr. Makepeace's private office. Next is the office of private offbuilding Russell Makepeace, assistant to the . ' a t president and manager of the Barnstable Cunty bogs of the Barnstable County bogs of the company, and at the rear the ooffice of Francis J. Butler, bog manager. ilding and on the north side is a building and on the north side is a , large general office room. A men's rm a closet complete room and janitor's closet the rooms on the ground floor. The buildin has a Wellington bluet door e door at both front and rear, which color scheme is carried out in the floor coverings of the corridor. The walls and finishings of the corridor and the wide stairway which leads to the second story are of fawn, tan and delicate peach. Glass bricks are at the sides of both the front and rear entrances, giving in much light and at night making an at- tractive feature from the inside il- lumination. The whole building is air con- ditioned and heated by an auto- matic, thermostatically-controlled oil burner. The general office, that oil burner he office, that of Mr. Makepeace and his private ffice have special ceilings to pre vent echoes of typwriter "click vent echoes of typwriter click- ings or other nose from being troublesome. At the rear, opening on a porch under a generous canopy are two windows for the paying off of pickers and other bog workers. The second floor has a large stor- age room across the front and part way along the north side to hold the records of the Makepeace com- pany which date back many years, and other supplies. The front room is large enough for general meet- ings and can be used as such. At the rear is a kitchen, completely equipped with gas range, sink, cab- inet and cooking utensils where the eight girl clerks of the company may prepare mid-day lunches or food for other gatherings. There is a most spacious women's room and a dining or rest room. floors are of concrete and the whole building is practically fireproof and contains about every arrangement for beauty and utility. is enormous window space There is enormous window space and a great many indirect lights. Although the cover photograph of the building shows snow and no lawn or shrubery, these are planned for spring. is in fact a strong The building, in fact is a strong attestment to the cranberry industry in its conception and cost, and t the faith of the A. D. Makepeace C mpany in the future of cranberry Frost in Oregon g r ng .f ^ + +ArtificialWind Cal acine n Ore B ETHELM. KRANICK A means of fighting frost by ar tificial wind from airplane propellers has been successfully used for several years now on cranberry bogs in Washington and is finding continued success in Southern Oregon. L. M. Kranick used one of these machines on his bog near Bandon, Oregon last year with such satisfying results that he will use three 1940 in order to give more com o verge i of og The machine used by Mr. Kranick consists of an airplane propeller of 5'-2" diameter turned by a Star or urant motor. The machine sets on piling 11 feet above the ground. The motor is operated at 1650 r.p.m. and circulates air in a 250 feet radius. In order to give circulation in all directions, a set of gears is arranged to turn the machine completely around even seven minutes. These machines should be installed and be in running order immediately after the winter flood is let off, as the early spring frost does damage to some varieties. The critical point occurs when the berries are in bud, and special vigilance should be taken at that time. The date of the last killing frost is variable for different parts of (Continued on Page 8) al_/ -T\oNAL CRANBERRY FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Jan. Unusually There has been Cold in M8ass. continued cold Ms. ct cind Some Bogs Par-in M assachu- tially Flowed setts during January. A good many bogs are only par- tially flooded, due to poor water supplies. However as there has been snow almost continually in Massachusetts which has protected the vines, there has probably not been much damage, even though temperatures have been sub-freez- ing and frequently around zero in the early morning hours. Cape Cod Cran-The first meet- berry Clubs ings of the Hold First Win-winter season ter for the Cape Meetings tereetis Cod Cranberry clubs were held in January. The first was that of the Upper Chpe club at Liberty hall in Marstons Mills, January 8. There was a bus- iness session, following the supper and a discussion of frost reports. Marcus L. Urann, president of Cranberry Canners, Inc., of South Hanson, spoke upon the subject, "Cooperative Effort Wins Again". Bertram Tomlinson, Barnstable County, gave a report on cranberry activities, and there was an address by Harrison F. Goddard of Ply- mouth, the new president of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation. Motion pictures were shown through the courtesy of the extension service. The second meeting was that of the Lower Cape Cod Cranberry Club, January 10, at the Grange hall. Dennis. "Facts Vs. Fancies in MarketingCranberries", was the subject of a talk by Mr. Urann. President Elnathan E. Eldredge of Orleans introduced Mr. Goddard, he stress- ing the necessity of cooperative methods. Mr. Tomlinson told of the Cape Cod cranberry activities of the past few years. Other speakers were James Dayton, county agent at large of the Massachusetts State College of Agriculture at Amherst and Bertram Ryder of Cotuit, pres- ident of the Upper Cape Club. An interesting point of this meeting was that speakers told of the rapid gains of cranberry production in Wisconsin. Annual Meet-The annual ings of Both meeting of the Clubs in Feb. Upper C a p e Club is sched- uled for February 12 at Fort Pitt, Osterville, when the election of officers will be held. There will be a new cranberry film shown lasting one-half hour, a talk, "What's New in Weed Control", by Dr. Henry J. Franklin, director State Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion at East Wareham, and an- other, "The Latest on Beach Plums", by Wilfred Wheeler of Falmouth, one of the pioneers in this new, coming industry. The an- nual meeting of the Lower Cape Club will be held at the Brewster town hall on February 14, with election of officers also. The cran- berry film will be shown. Dr. Franklin will repeat his talk on weeds and' there will be other speakers. Cape Cod C a p e C o d Farmers Night farming was At Chamber the discussion Meeting at the first an- nual Farmers' Night of the Cape Cod Chamber of Commerce, the meeting being held under the leadership of Bertram Tomlinson, Barnstable County Agricultural Agent. Speaking for the cranberry growers of the Cape, I. Grafton Howes, veteran grower of Dennis, where cranberries were first cultivated, reviewed the his- tory of cranberry growing. He told of the changing and improving methods of growing, harvesting, packing and marketing.s New J As in Massa Bogs in Many chusetts, New Cases Drier Jersey t h i s Than Normal winter had a Wether ver dry sell r Cold with the result that many of tle Jersey bogs have little water upon them. During January the weather was extremely cold, as aGm. ByC.J.H. was also the case in Massachusetts, it being below freezing most -of the time. This has allowed a good bit of ice sanding there for those bogs which were adequately flooded and most growers who could have taken full advantage of this opportunity. Late Holdings New Jersey Of Flood to Be growers a r e Extensive in pleased to see Jersey This late holding of Spring water in the spring as a recognized practice by the A. A. A. and more bogs will be held late this coming spring than ever before, although it is too early yet to say just how many bogs will be so handled. The practice is es pecially adapted to large unsanded bogs that normally do not produce large crops. It seems that eliminating the crop for one year allows the vines to get into good condition so that they will bear well for a number of years. One instance of which there are records is that of a 40 acre bog that produced 800 bushels previous to late holding. The year of treatment there was no crop but th fllowing year it produced'rod' 4,500 bushels, the it bhl, next year 3,000, the next 1,800, and the next 1,000 bushels. The results in this case were perhaps better than usually obtained by late holding, but it does give a general idea of what may be expected by this practice. Washington Growers in the Bogs Being cranberry sec- Sanded and tion of Ilwa- Sprnkler Sys-co, Washing tn are dn tems Installed ton, are doing considerable sanding this winter. The resanding will be done by the pumping method as it appears that this has proved satisfactory as well as economical. Many growers in Washington state are installing srinkling systems also for the 1940 year. It seems to have been definitely shown there that yields from areas so irrigated have b^e'c (Continued on Page 7) Threec ^ ^ listeners ^Cp_JCod^ /^ \_ _Cr t coming through to other Cape Cod Cranberry Growers than cranberry men. A • . 11 18 ^ "1 Association bpecia HoldS Meeting; Large Attendance New President lHarrison F. Goddard to report at some future ~GoddarC IUp Slub-~ Ilmeeting. d ~Br~ings The questions, if radio warnings be awouldas efficient as the present warnings by telephone directly to the homes of growers subscribing to the telephone warning service, whether the radio would be as eliable as the telephone, and that the grower might not be listeningin at the time of the warning, or be able to tune in the desired station, were brought out. . Ject of Greater Coordina- tion Among Various Mass. Groups -Frost Warnings by Radio and Growers See Prevue of Splendid Movie, "Cranberry Craft on Old *CapeCod" a. Cape Cod". -—~'~ specL .f Cape 3. .eeting 'he A special meeting of the Cod Cranberry Growers' associa- tion was held at the Wareham tion wn~as Wareham, 1V~aa~a Wed- town hall, he-ldllatm Mass., nesday, Jan. 31, which was very largely attended, and three matters of importance were taken up. These were a pre of a color fil, "ranberry Craf on Old Cape Cod" to be available for showing to various organiza- : showavsing various for to tions over the country the desira- country; bility of radio frost warnings, per- haps to succeed the present system of warnings to growers by tele- phone, and plans to build a strong- er cooperation between Massachu- ,, , et. setts cranberry grower groups. This latter plan, proposed by President Harrison F. Goddard of Plymouth, after an informal meet- ing with some of the cranberry growers recently, is for a greater consolidation. There is now the big Cape growers' association which has been in existence for more than 50 years, two Cape Cod Cranberry clubs, and two more are being formed in Plvmouth county. It was hoped for greater coordina- tion between these groups with the big association the parent group, and to have a combined pay- ment to automatically include membership in the association, one of the cranberry clubs, and also a subscription to "Cranberries" the national cranberry magazine published at Wareham, the maga- zine to become the official organ for monthly bulletins. Motions on both the radio frost warnings and the coordination of the growers were made that a committee be named by President Four "Cranberry Craft on Old Cape Cod" was made by the Massachu- setts Extension Service from Am- herst, with the photography beau-of Mion, tifully done by Rollin T. Bartlettcommittee, of Amherst, with the 1 i 1 film voted last year by the associa- tion. It opened, showing a house- wife buying cranberries in a gro- then showed methods of serving cranberries both canned and fresh, at multiple noo^Qtr Tanklin occasions and at various times of the year It showed the arduous and costly work of making a cranberry bol There were most attractive views of historic spots in "The Cape Cod rner Cranberry Country"; harvesting by scoops, and the gathering of foars complete showing of floaters. A complete showing of the canning of sauce and cranbry cocktail was included, screening and shipping of fresh screening and shipping of fresh erries t ret Derries to mark A feature of great interest to the growers was the depicting of Dr. Henry J. Franklin at the State Experiment Station at East Ware- ham going about his work of gathering his data preparatory to sending out a frost warning by telephone, and the reception of the warning by a grower (enacted by Melville C. Beaton) at his home, who disgustedly puts on his hat and hastens out into the night to start flooding. It also showed bog flooding for frost and winter pro- tection. Mr. Goddard next brought up radio frost warnings and said that some of the smaller growers did not have telephones, but did have car radios, and that money might be saved n this method. Speaking on this subject was Andrew Kerr of Barnstable, who told how so many people listen to the radio, and it was brought out that there might be an advertising value to the radio cranberry frost warning, could see objections to the change over, and really was in favor of a continuance of telephone warnings, although there might be atog tee igt e a money saving, and pointed out there are already frost warnings from Station WBZ in Boston. Dr. frm Sin WZ B . said radio warningss raln a o warnings would probably not coincide with the period of his sending out, and as they were based upon definite formulas, gathered over a period of years and correct only for certain hours, there was an objection n there.•M Russell Makepeace of Wareham inquired if the Extension Service had any concrete program planned out. Willard A. Munson, director of the Extension Service at Amherst, .-,. i, said their facilities at present were unsuited to the cranberry industry in regard to time, that broadcasts would have to be repeated several times for the safeguard of all the growers, and that a great deal of study should be put into the matter before there was any change over. The matter of improved coordination between the various Massachusetts groups was then explained by President Goddard, who said the groups should in some way be more centralized, with the association at the head, and that an official monthly bulletin for general information was desirable. He suggested the monthly Cranberry magazine might be worked into this matter. Mr. Kerr moved the appointing of a committee, and Russell Makepeace stressed the point that the cranberry clubs seemed to be growing stronger than the older and main organization. (Continued on Page 8) 0 Jg•^^ ISSUE OF FEBRUARY, 1940 I ^ Cll ^Vol. 4 THAT NEW MAKEPEACE OFFICE CONGRATULATIONS to the A. D. Make- peace Co., of Wareham on the plan- ning and conception of its new, handsome brick office building are most decid- edly in order. It is a high tribute to the cranberry industry, to the foresight of the Makepeace Company and its faith in the cranberry business. Such a magnificent building devoted entirely to the cranberry interests of a single company could scarcely have been dreamed of not many years ago. WOULD RADIO BE BETTER? E ARE pretty much in sympathy with those growers who expressed possible doubts that radio frost warnings should succeed the present frost warning tele- phone system in Massachusetts. As organized at present and with Dr. H. J. Franklin's efficiency as forecaster the pres- ent system has been of great value and reliability. Warnings by radio may be better and less costly but that should be proven thoroughly before there is any change made. CENTRALIZING MASS. GROUPS THE SPIRIT of cooperation and of unity among the various cranberry growers continues to expand. The special meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' asso- ciation on January 31st, called by the new president, Harrison F. Goddard of Ply- mouth, an unusual time for a meeting of this group, was very gratifyingly attended. This association, now more than half a cen- tury old, believes,there should be coopera- tion between it and the Cape cranberry clubs, and the two new clubs which now seem to be assured of organization in Ply- mouth County. President Goddard desires more centralization for the good of the in- dustry as a whole, as there seems to be a feeling that now cranberry growing is reaching maturity. It was a splendid movie that those at- tending the meeting saw presented for the first time. It was made by the Massachu- setts Extension Service, with money put up by the association for the cost of the film. No hungry man should see this film for it shows cranberries served in myriad ways No. 10 ALCR PUBLISHED MONTHLY at the WAREHAM COURIER OFFICE, WAREHAM MASSACHUSETTS, U. S. A Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL LEMUEL C. HALL Associate Editor Subscription $2.00 per year Advertising rates upon application CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS New Jersey CHARLES S. BECKWITH State Cranberry Specialist Pemberton, N. J. Wisconsin VERNON GOLDSWORTHY Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington-Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Pullman, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New York City Representative KENT LIGHTY 280 Madison Ave. Tel. Lexington 2-3595 with other tempting foods. It is also exceedingly educational as to how cranberries are grown and reach the consumer. Designed for showings before clubs and various organizations anywhere it should broadcast a good deal of cranberry information to those who know little about the cranberry. The cranberry growers in Massachusetts and other states are "doing things", and "going places". Five Jersey, and is better flavored than Jersey or Rubel but not so aromatic as Stanley. Its scar is not so good as that of Stanley, Jersey or Rubel. D BLBER In season, about with Jersey; prop- STHE BLUEKBEKY WERagates very easily. VGRO Burlington is a cross of Rubel and Pioneer. Where tested in New Jersey the bush is very vigorous and productive, more so than that of Jersey and Rubel; clusters med-UnitedStates -Deartment of ium in size; the berry alight blue, Uniiate t s U flavored, second to Stanley in tpariiaiga fine A .•g~l F^ this respect; large and has exree cellent scar; in season later than Agriculture [leases ^Rl~ any other sort now grown in New (New CultivateI Jersey, about week lBleBeIrries being a later ewvi ultivatelDue erres than the Jersey. It propagates easily. These Are the Atlantic, Peams-Jersey are set forth as follows: The U. S. Department of Agricul- These Are the Atlantic, Pemr-^ ^ ^^. ture has no plants of these varieties berton and Burlington and Atlantic, tested as GN 45, is, a for distribution. Show Promise As Late cross of Jersey and Pioneer. Where Maturing Varieties. it has been tested in New Jersey _____ the bush is vigorous and the clus-Blueberry Culture The Bureau of Plant Industry ters are large. Compared to Rubel In Massachusetts has just released for propagation it is much less costly to prune and (Continued from last month) and introduction three new blue-somewhat more productive. The berry varieties produced as a re-berry has a better blue color, is The Improvement of Wild Highbush suit of experiments by its breeding much larger, has a slightly better Blueberries investigations over a period of sev-scar, is somewhat better flavored, There are many acres of wild eral years. These three new blue-and is about with Rubel in season. highbush blueberries in this State berries, originated by the late Dr. It is probably more difficult to prop-where the bushes are yielding F. V. Coville, are named "Atlantic", agate than Rubel. much below their capacity because "Pemberton", and "Burlington", Pemberton, tested as Fl 66, is a of lack of care. They can be made and are introduced for trial by cross of Katharine and Rubel, and to double or triple their yield with- those interested in late maturing has the same parentage as Stanley. out great expense or labor. commercial varieties. Where it has been tested in New In 1926 experiments were laid All three are notably resistant Jersey the bush is exceptionally out on blueberry land in Hubbardsto cracking in rainy seasons. The vigorous and productive, more so ton, Royalston, Westminster, Ash" Atlantic" and "Pemberton" bear than that of Stanley, Jersey, and burnham, and Barre, Massachuvery large fruit. The "Pemberton" Rubel; the clusters are very large; setts, to try to increase the yield has the most vigorous bush of any the berry is dark blue, larger, holds of wild bushes. The treatments variety now in a planting near up in size better than Stanley or (Continued on Page 8) Pemberton, N. J., where it has been tested. The Burlington also has an exceptionally vigorous fine bush. The fruit of the "Burlington" does not tear in picking, and has the ' it l characteristics of an excellent BLULJDEBEARR 1 A T keeping and shipping sort. It is somewhat later than both Jersey The "ATLANTIC" -The "PEMBERTON" and Rubel, being, in fact, the latest Jst released by the U.S. D. A. variety now grown at Whitesbog, N. J. "Atlantic" and "Pemberton" LATE BEARING --EXCELLENT QUALITY ripen about with "Jersey" and "Ruersey" Berries, bel"ripens a thand "Ru-Large Vigorous, H-eavy Producers bel". The berries of all three hold up well in size at the later pickings.. All three have been hardy PRICES ON REQUEST in New Jersey, and in a limited test at Amherst, Mass., the "Pemberton" has been hardy. THEODOPE H EERTON, The characteristics of these va-NEW JERSEY r'ctics as grown in central New Six o Hanson, Mass., and other packersOne of Nations of cranberry sauce marks the fact s Canners canning of cranberries that the Largest Canners O ens 1 E.Plant 'e *i ° Stockley Bros. & Co., n1C., of Indiana Canning Cran- berries at New Bedford, Mass., on Large Scale. Further evidence of the import- ance of canning in the cranberryindustry is attested to by the entry of Stokely Brothers and Company, Inc., of Indianapolis, Indiana into this field upon a large scale. Stokely Brothers is the largest canner of vegetables in the country and the third largest canners of vegetables and fruits combined. Last year the Stokely Bros. and Co. did $9,500,- busine. 000.00 gross 000.00 gross business. Last June Stokely opened a can- ning plant in New England at New Bedford, Massachusetts, which is on the fringe of the world's largest cranberry growing area. Although cranberries were not the only fac- tor concerned in opening in New England it was a prime one, others being to establish a New England center of production, distribution and sales of "Stokely's Finest Foods", and Van Camp's. While well know in all other parts of the country, particularly in the Mid- West and West, and South, Stokely products have hithertofore not been distributed greatly in New England. M. A. Dunham, manager of New England operations, who has pioneered branches for Stokely in many parts of the United States calls it the "last Stokely frontier". Coming East to process the fa- mous Cape Cod cranberry, Stokely is located in the former huge Whit- man mill buildings at 90 Riverside avenue in New Bedford's North End. Stokely owns the entire prop- erty, which was a few years ago filled with the hum of cotton spindles when New Bedford was a much more important textile center than today. The entry of Stokely Brothers in- to the cranberry canning field with Minot Food Packers, Inc., of Ham- monton, New Jersey, the Hills Brothers Company of New York, Cranberry Canners, Inc., of South will play a part of increasing im- w portance in the nation's cranberry diet. The can and the can opener as, is not disputed, have come to stay. The vastness of the canning indus- try was shown last month when some 15,000 attended the convention of canners and allied industries in Chicago, the canners' conventions being the largest held in the coun- try with the exception of those of the two leading political parties. The Stokely Brothers started in the canning business about 40 years ago in the small town of Newport in the mountains of Eastis Tennessee, where choice vegetables are grown. The business has now passed into the hands of the second and third generations of the Stokely family, and the Stokely canning facilities have spread from coast to coast and the Lakes to the Gulf. More than 150,000 acres of farm land feed 41 Stokely plants in 12 states with the general offices at Indianapolis with more plants lo- cated in Indiana than any other state. There is a Stokely plant in every one of the principal cran- berry growing states with the ex- ception of Oregon. All Stokely plants are located close to farms from which fast trucks carry the fresh garden produce. Other products than cranberries grown adjacent to the Cape, such as beans of various varieties will be canned at New Bedford, it is planned. It would be difficult to name a vegetable product which Stokely does not can-corn, beets, peas, tomatoes, asparagus, sauerkraut 'a.~~ efto pumpkins, and many fruits and soup, 53 items in all. Hominy is canned, which is becoming popular in northern states as well as in the South. Some time ago Stokely ac- quired the old established Van Camp Company and Van Camp's famous Pork and Beans is one of the products packed at New Bed- ford. Stokely has been canning cran- berries in a rather small way for a decade. Cranberry sauce was first put out by Stokely in 1929 at their Cumberland plant in Wisconsin. Cumberland is about 100 miles northwest of Wisconsin Rapids, the cranberry center of that state. The berries canned then were naturally Wisconsin grown. Three years later in 1932 Stokely moved its cranberry operations to one of its plants located at Rehoboth Beach, Delaware, where cranberries from nearby New Jersey and also Cape Cod were processed. Now Stokely has its plant near Cape Cod and is of course putting up the famed Cape Cod fruit. Although the exact number of Fresh from the Fields (Continued from Page 3) safe to say that most of the Washington bogs will be under sprinkler irrigation within the next few years. Since most of the Wash ington bogs cannot be flooded for frost control the sprinkler system will eliminate the necessity of installing other devices in frost protection About 40 New Approximately Acres For 40 acres of Washington new bog will be planted in Washington this year. Some of this is in the section known as s a nw development and has just been made available during the past year. This new bog is located wtn a fou sprotection r a and water for frost and irrigation is thus available without excessive cost. Wisconsin Has Sanding a s Cold January-gone on in Sanding Done Wisconsin this winter work. The weathe usual weather has been cold and some 20 degrees below have been reported. There has not been a great deal of snow hamper work, and the weather aun y warm to the was unusually warm up to the first of the year. Most marshes in the Wisconsin Rapids area went into the winter flood with plenty of water supplies, but there was not so much in the Tomah-Mather section. Market Dullin There was not Jan., Few too much mar- Berries Left ket activity in January f or what few beries remain. However, the market has lately been showing a little activity and the New England Cranberry Sales holdiany believes that all its holdings will be distributed' and consumed during February. Seven cases of cranberries canned last fall is not known, "several thous- ands of barrels" were made into sauce. About 150 persons were employed at the peak of the can- ning season. So far Stokely is put- ting out only a strained sauce. They expect to increase their volume of sauce next and in coming years. The bulk of their sauce is sold under the label, "Stokely's Finest", two other trade names being "Ex- quisite" and "Fame". Labels carry the seal of approval of Good- Housekeeping Magazine, and on the back of the labels around the cans there are "table-tested" receipts for the use of the sauce. For the past decade or so Stokely has been a national advertiser with full page ads in such magazines as "Woman's Home Companion", "Good Housekeeping", the "Ladies Home Journal", and "Life". Cranberry sauce has not been advertised as a single item in this way by Stokely yet, but will be, which means there will be one more agency to help in stimulating the appetites of the nation for more cranberries. Their advertisements have shown cranberry sauce along with other items. Annual Report of Dr. Henry J. Franklin (Continued from inside front cover) to 2/2 feet tall are killed readily at any time during the summer with half a pint of kerosene poured about the base and a pint kills about the base and a kills bushes up to 6 feet tall, these was very harmful to them in July and August. 6. Ferrous sulphate mixed 9 to 1 with sodium chloride and placed in single large handfuls at the bases of royal and cinnamon ferns (Osmunda) completely eradicated them with less injury to cranberry vines than that caused by controls previously advocated. 7. One and a half pounds of sodium arsenate in 100 gallons of water applied lightly early in Aug- ust was very effective in eradicating partridge pea and false pimp- ernel. 8. July applications showed that 3,200 gallons of ocean water an acre is necessary to completely de- stroy haircap moss. The moss showed no recovery 21/2 months after this treatment. The cranberry vines were not harmed by it. No bog flooded by the tide of the Sep- tember, 1938 hurricane had any living haircap moss in 1939. 9. The conclusion of last year that a fine spray of 100 pounds of sodium chloride in 100 gallons of water is safe to use in treating the wild bean (Apios) if less than 200 gallons to the acre is applied was confirmed. Injury to the cran- berry vines from this spray has al- ways been due to the use of exces- sive amounts rather than to concentration. The nozzles must be held high enough to prevent driving too much of the material into thick foliage. 10 A 1 tes o e-and .T10. •i-J 100 of pulver- About tests ized and grandular cyanamid were made on 42 kinds of bog weeds. obtained unless some form of ar tificial heat is placed under the ma chine and the warmed air allowed to circulate. Editor's Note: A wind machine, similar in principal to those on the West Coast, has been set up and experimentally used at the State Experiment Bog at East arehamouss th eing the first to C C Cape Cod ranberry Growers' Association Holds Special Meeting (Continued from Page 4) Prof. Sievers, director of the State College at Amherst, and James Dayton, county agent at large, also of Amherst, and J. T. Brown of Brockton, Plymouth County agent, were also speakers. Mr. Brown invited growers to be present at the supper and meetings to be held at Rochester, Feb. 27, and at Kingston, Feb. 29. These meetings are being sponsored by the association and by the county extension service and are to a large extent to form cranberry clubs in Plymouth county similar to those in Barnstable county. This is, perhaps, the first time a special mid-winter meeting has been held and its interest was proven by the large attendance. Blueberry Culture (Continued from Page 6) were as follows: (1) all large trees e second growth shading the o .saigt blueberries were removed, (2) the b s bushes were pruned, (3) fertilizer was applied. The pruning varied from removing a quarter of the bush to cutting it wholly to the ground. The fertilizers used were: nitrate of soda, ammonium sulfate, rFigheFrcalurec , yanamid, 4-8-4, and ,rea nitrophoska. Different combinations of ferilizers and pruning were tried. The following results were observed: 1. Removal of other vegetation increased the growth of the blueberry bushes. 2. Pruning, where not excessive, increased growth and yield. Removal of more than a quarter of the bush was too severe. Bushes cut to the ground yielded a few berries the third year thereafter but produced no commercial crop till the fourth year. W.herever the weeds were killed the shrubs, like the coarse bramble, being very root tender to this oil. The foliage of the treated bushes remains green from 2 to 4 weeks and then suddenly turns brown and dry; the coarse bramble is apt to stay green for a month after the treatment and may even bloom be- fore it dies. The small bushes may be killed by spraying the tops with kerosene, but large ones are not much affected by such spraying even when it is heavy. 5. Ferric sulphate, 2400 pounds to an acre, eradicated sensitive (Onoclea) and feather (Dryopteris) ferns completely and 95 per cent of horsetail (Equisetum). It did not injure the cranberry vines much early and late in the season but Eight cranberry vines suffered also. Artificial Wind Machines In n F (Continued from Page 2) the country, but has occurred in Washington as late as July 9. The principle of this method of frost protection is not to warm the air but merely to circulate it. On many cold mornings the air will gather in layers of warm and cold. The wind machine will circulate the air producing an average tempera- ture all over the bog, which may be several degrees higher than that at the coldest point. When all of the air is cold, no results can be Electricity Hauck Kerosene Flame-Gun-2000 0 F. controlled heat-quickly... easily... economically destroys weeds (seeds and all), brush, other objectionable growths. Keeps roadways, fences, irrigation Every Purpose | PLYMOUTH COUNTY ELECTRIC CO. WAREHAM --PLYMOUTH MASSACHUSETTS 3. Fertilization increased the growth and yield of the bushes. These increases seemed to be due to nitrogen rather than to any other fertilizer element. 4. A combination of fertilization and pruning was much better than either alone. 5. The increase in production on the fertilized plots was due mostly to an increase in the number of berries per bush. It was impossible to obtain satisfactory comparative yield records under the conditions of the experiments. The bushes varied both in size and number per acre. Although the pickers were assigned to different parts of the field, they picked in the fertilized plots whenever possible, with or without permission. This is very good evidence of the better picking found there, 6. The berries on the fertilized plots tended to be larger, but the size of wild berries varies greatly and cannot be increased beyond limits set by inheritance. 7. Fertilized bushes had a marked tendency toward annual bearing, unfertilized bushes towards biennial bearing, 8. The berries on the fertilized plots were firmer during dry per- .I___ iods than those on unfertilized areas. 9. A terminal shoot growth of about ten inches was most favor- able. Any increase in length up to ten inches increased yield. Longer shoots were apt to be too vegetative for maximum production. These observations are the basi:, for the following improvement pro- gram: First, remove all trees and bushes tall enough to shade the blue- berries. This will often supply the winter's wood, thus making the la- bor serve a double purpose. If valuable timber trees are present, the owner must choose between blueberries and timber. The mow- ing of low bushes growing with the blueberries helps also. Second, prune the blueberry bushes in winter or early spring before growth starts. Take out all dead wood first, then some of the oldest stems, cutting them off four or five inches from the ground. This can be done best with long-handled lopping shears. Third, fertilize the bushes. Apply 200 pounds of nitrate of soda per acre, or some other nitrogenous fertilizer at a rate to give a like amount of nitrogen. ditches, orchards, etc., clean. Hundred and one uses. Inexpensive- Safe-Easy to use. Pays for itself in time and money saved. 10 day Free Trial. Write for Free literature and special introductory price. HAUCK MFG. CO. · IMV LI Ir'^.\ f181 TENTH ST. _ _BROOKLYN, N.Y. We Have Listings of Cranberry Bogs, Large and Small FOR SALE Geo. A. Cole Agency WILDA HANEY arehamas Blosachusetts Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Is~~ Pumps Satisfaction ~ Means ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 Fourth, select and tag the more productive bushes and give them special attention. ARE YOU AWARE OF THE FACT .. THAT in 1939 nearly 6,000,000 farmers participated in soil con servation through the AAA THAT cheese is now being retailed in cans and that in 1939 nearly a million pounds was marketed in this new way .... THAT the United States Department of Agriculture has arranged to get the most complete census on bee keeping to obtain information about the supply of honey .. THAT the U. S. Department of Agriculture gathers statistics on 26 kinds of vegetables; the U. S. D. A. Seed Service recognizes 47; a leading seed firm lists about 80 different kinds of vegetables, but of all vegetables grown in this country the first and most important one is the potato .... THAT the Ozark territory has become one of the largest strawberry producing regions in America, some 2,000 carloads being shipped ... THE COLLEY CRANBERRY COMPANY Packers and Distributors of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES Plymouth Massachusetts We again quote from "Using Your Fruit and Vegetable Co-op." by A. W. McKay "In the marketing of fruits and vegetables, successful associations have consistently given their attention to the job which they were set up to perform, that is, the marketing of the products of their members. "The greatest success in the cooperative marketing of fruits and vegetables has come through the coordination of the work of several associations if these * * * * * handle similar commodities. There are many services which a local association can perform, but it has been found that for the most effective work in marketing * * * * several associations working together through a federation can accomplish more than any one of them alone." The Massachusetts cranberry cooperative has been affiliated with cooperative organizations in New Jersey and in Wisconsin since it was incorporated in 1907. New England Cranberry Sales Company 9 Station Street -Middleboro, Mass. Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page PREVIOUS..............Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine January, 1940 NEXT...................Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine March, 1940 GO TO INDEX |
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