Cranberries - The National Cranberry Magazine, 1951-07

              SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY


42 NE

: HoIALt. CRANBERRY MAGAZI

ACEExecutivesnew New Bedfoid office Geneial Managei Bryant and Mi.
Elizabeth C~Mc·aly 
in '1951::;:;:;:;:

Cents JULY,

30;:;:;:;:·:·:i.:.:I:::::::::i:::::::::; (CRANBERRIES Photo 

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WASHINGTON~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..... ~~1:: 5::::~::::::

NEWJERSEY ~ ~ ~ ii:~:::::::::::8888~~a 

VVISCONSIN -------F~~ii8::::::::::

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WASH1146TO 

in new New Bedford office, General Manager Bryant

ACE Executives and Mis·

Elizabeth (CRANBERRIES Photo:Sl~

C. Mc ~ ~ ~ ~ :::'::::::::;;ally. 

JI MM HACKETT "CRANBERRIES" 

ADVERTISING
Tel. Rockland 


1864 Cranberry Growers

No. Hanover, Mass. DIVIDENDS! 

Reasonable Rates 

· INTERNATIONAL Harvester on Request Always Especiallyand CONTINENTAL — Always Especially 

Red Seal Industrial Engines

* LAWRENCE WELCOME 
Propellor Pumps 
* DEMING to 
Centrifugal Pumps 
Sa|te d2Sei ce | Robert W. Savary Visit and Ride 

CHRYLER -PLYMOUTH THE 

SALES and SERVICE EDAVILLE RAILROAD 
CONVEYER l 11 || | South Carver, 

Mass. 
Goodyear and Federal Tires 
VMATHEW S Mrs. Ellis D. Atwoodand I Repairs on all makes of cars

and 

Genuine Parts and Accessories 

TRACK j Extensive Experience in 

Tel. Wareham 63-R At Sreenhouses Bgstiand 
ARLINGTON, 74 MASS. ALFRED PAPPI 
______Box________WAREHAM, MASS. 626 

Frost Insecticide Co. East Wareham, Mass. ELECTRICAL WORK 

36 Tel. 

KEEPING AN EYE ON THE BALL


Is important in baseball. The WISCONSIN CRANBERRY 
SALES COMPANY keeps it's eye on the 
"cranberry ball" at all times. We serve our members, 
and the industry by being constantly on the alert. 

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company


(A Cooperative)
WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN



Morris April Bros. BRIGcS & STRATTON, 

Bridgeton -Tuckahoe CLINTON, WISCONSIN, 
New Jersey ap Vineyard LAWSON, and HERCUI.ES 

___ Electric Company ENGINSS 

Expert Workmanship 

Only Genuine Parts used

Apples 

Cranberries Offices: Engine Driven Generators 

For .Emergency 
7Peac (JtChatham Portb.1le and All Apiliations

Peaches 

Falmouth 

__ F'—-~almouth |Power Mowers 
GROWERSAND | 'I'lyannis and T;'actors Serviced

GROWERS 

Provincetown 
SIIIPPERS |Vin yard Haven Alan Painten Co. 

,"rl~~~ .'"""I~~~~~~~~~~~ ~r rEstablished 1922 

_________________________ Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. 

CRANBERRY -
GROWERS Hall & Cole


Choose and Use Middleborough 

Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Incorporated 
Dusters | Commission Merchants Trust Company 
and Jobbers 

Niagara Chemical'/0^~ M94-i 
Faneuil Hall Market 102 ~~~MIDDLEBORO 

BOSTON, MASS. 

Division I 

Food Machinery and 
Chemical Corporation APPLES AND CRANBERRIES Member of 

SPECIALTIES 

The Federal Deposit

Middleport, New York The Fe l 
Insurance Corporation 

____ ________Car Lot Receivers 

Wareham Savings Bank 
and The National Bank of Wareham 
Falmouth Branch 

Conveniently located for Cranberry men 

Welcome Savings Accounts 

Funds always available for sound loans 

Loans on Real Estate 

Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent 

Complete Banking Service 

PHONE WAREHAM 82 

FALMOUTH 80 Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. 


.......... is not necessary. This is the time, 
and the ditch is the place, to see 

RE~a j|. r l l l ll lll how far a sprayer-full can be 
fiYass. nLrlolnlIerry^ rstretched-sometimes 400 ft. of 
Fi~eld Nfotes ditch can be sprayed with one fillrSta^
tifr1 ^and ^ing (thirty minutes). All weeds

StationI l and Field Notes 

and cranberry new growth will be 

burned by it-best results in damp 
by J. RICHARD BEATTIE or hot and humid weather. 

Extension Cranberry Specialist A wet ditch full of grasses, 

rushes, and tussocks of sedges 

.......... ——_~~~~~~ . ~sometimes dries out during July


The cranberry season is several conditions it is important that and August, at least to the point 
days advanced compared with last growers kill or burn off the weeds where no standing water remains 
on the surface. If such a ditch is 

year. Insect activity has been growing in the ditches with some treated with kerosene from a watabout 
normal. Joe Kelley and the form of weedkiller. The knapsack ering pot, frequently the roots as 
writer have yet to see a gypsy sprayer is a very useful tool in this well as the tops of the weeds are 

moth caterpillar in the areas treat-work, particularly if the nozzle till ani the ditch remains weeded 
during the last two years undler opening is enlarged to at least free until new seed germinates. 
the special aerial spray program. 1/1.6 of an inch in diameter. Then Once or twice a yea, growers

.(...rOne or twice a year, growers

Growers should check their bogs / lb. of sodium arsenite should be hould dra a hook or potato-digduring 
July for fruit worm, leaf-dissolved in a sprayer-full of water er completely around their bogshoppers, weevils, spittle insects, (3-/24 gals.) and sprayed rapidly, n the shore ditches to discover and 
and the second brood fireworms. and with good pressure on the pull out runners of the small 
A few suggestions for controlling ditch weeds, holding the nozzle low bramble, poison ivy Virginiathese pests are outlined as follows: to avoid spray drift onto cranberry creeper or morning glory which 
An accurate egg count is the key vines. Each sprayer-full should may be crossing the ditch from the 
to proper timing of sprays and cover 150-200 ft. of narrow ditch 

dusts for controlling shore to anchor its roots on the

fruitworm. and should not take more than bog. Failure to stop these invad-
Ryania is given first place in the twenty to twenty-five minutes to ers at an early stage can cause 
list of treatments for this partic-spray. Best results are attained 
ular insect (See the insect and when ditches dry, but thiswo. trouble n a yeare 
disease control chart). Leafhop-spray will kill to the water line The drainage of many Massapers 
are plentiful on many bogs where standing water remains in chusetts bogs has decreased during 
and should receive special atten-the ditch and much seed production the last three years both because 
tion. The new brood of weevils is stopped by even this sort of the ditches have not been cleaned 
and the adults of the spittle insect spraying during that time and because sum-
will be found on bogs about mid-A f mertime drouth has forced many 
July or a few days earlier this m aene f a non-osonos growers to carry the water high 
year. DDT will control both of seems advisabe. To for irrigation. These factors are 
these pests. and onealf pounds of ammate is responsible for the increasing popu


*^~~~ ', ^. and one-half pounds of ammate is lations f cut grass, rushes, and

The control of ditch weeds is a needed for each knapsack sprayer-other "water weeds". If rains 
topic that has received relatively full of water. The same care mustrains 

little attention, but is an important iull of water. The same care must continue to be frequent, it seems

be used to keep ammate off the advisable to drain the bogs as 
part of good bog management. cranberry vines that are wanted, much as possible by killing or 
Dr. C. E. Cross has kindly prepared and the sprayer must be washed burning the ditch weeds, even 
some very timely information on carefully with soapy water immed-greater drainage will be possile. 
this subject, which is as follows: iately after using ammate to pre-

Notes on Ditch Weed Control vent excessive corrosion. 

One of the more neglected phases Occasionally, growers have part -INTERESTEDof 
cranberry bog management dur-of a drum of Stoddard Solvent left _ 

ing the last three depressing years at the bog and would like to use in buying or leasinghas been the cleaning of ditches. it to advantage in order that the Wisconsin CranberryThe actual digging out of silt, drum may be returned for the property. 

sand, and weeds is laborious and deposit charge. This material High it Se Jumbo

High quality Searles Jumbo,

costly, and few growers at present makes a good ditch weedkiller, McFarlin and Howes vines for 
can afford such care for their particularly when the weeds are sale. 
drainage and irrigation ditches. loosestrife, asters, brambles, or 
However, weed-choked ditches are rushes. The knapsack sprayer 

Vernon Goldsworthyoften responsible for the production nozzle opening should be a little 936 Memorial Drive 
and distribution of many trouble-less than 1/16 or an inch for spray-Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin 
some bog weeds, and under present Ing Stoddard, and heavy spraying _ 

Tw4o 


HAMMOND APPOINTED TO 

WIS. STATE BEEKEEPING 

ADVISORY COMMITTEE 

"Del" Hammond, of Wisconsin 
Cranberry Sales Company, has 
been appointed to the Wisconsin 
State Beekeeping Advisory Com-

mittee set up by the Department 
of Agriculture. The use of bees 
on Wisconsin marshes has in-

creased tremendously and is con-
sidered an important pollination 
factor. 

D. N. McDowell, director of the 
Wisconsin Department of Agricul-
ture, Claire L. Jackson, chief, ad-
ministration division. E. L. Cham-
bers, State Entomologist and two 
others from the U. S. Department 
of Agriculture were visitors at 
Wisconsin Rapids last month. Miss 
Jean Nash, president, Sales Com-
pany; Mr. Hammond, President 
Henry Duckart and Manager Leo 
Sorenson of the Mid-west Cran-
berry Company took them on a 

tour of some of the area marshes. 
It was the first time that Mr. Mc-
Dowell had been in the Wisconsin 
cranberry district. 

——_

-— 

Eggs are an excellent source of 

protein. They contain the eight 

essential amino acids. 

More farm families produce and 
sell eggs and poultry than any 
other farm commodity. 

NEW STEVENS VARIETY 

PLANTED IN WISCONSIN 

The Stevens Variety, named 
after the late Dr. Neil E. Stevens 
is now being propagated at sev-

eral locations in Wisconsin. For 
the past few years final work on 
this variety in Wisconsin, insofar 
as expenses are concerned, has 
been contributed to greatly by the 
Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com-

pany with help to the Biron 
nursery, where this variety was 
propagated. 

Cuttings are now planted as fol-
lows: Midwest has its vines at the 
Potter and Son marsh, the Sales 
Company at the Tony Jonjak 
marsh, Hayward, the Vernon 
Goldsworthy marsh at Three 
Lakes, the Gerald Brockman marsh 
at Vesper and the Biron Cranberry 
Company marsh. Cranberry Growers, 
Inc., also has plants as well 
as the 0. L. Hotz Cranberry Com-
pany and the Fred Barber marsh. 

However, it is to be anticipated 

a number of years will elapse be-

fore any appreciable amount of 

acreage will be planted to the 

Stevens. Yet, under the present 

planting schedule there are cut-

tings in all areas of the state to 

see the different reactions to cli


mate conditions. 

-

CAMPERS!-Douse your camp-

fire-KEEP OUR STATE GREEN. 

WESTERN PICERS Inc. 

1172 Hemlock Avenue 

CooS Bay, Oregon 

At this point it is well to remember 
the basic theory and prin-

That if friction is neglected he 
vines will be pulled up along the 
upper side of the teeth by the 
powered rubber covered vine roller 
to the point where they are at 

r 
nle o eare 
tangent tothe vine rollermounted 
below this point. The sickle is 
placed just behind the line so that 
any normal length vine will be 
pulled down through the teeth by 

the powered rubber roller before 
the sickle will cut the vine. For 
vines longer than normal the rubber 
lugs mounted on the conveyor 

belt engage the top ends of the 
v kle. 
F is ras the loe en o 

the conveyor is called a picking 
element. 

Since the friction on the teeth 
varies at different times of the 
harvest season and for different 
types of vines and for different 

Illll

111litilllllllllllll ~!~llt;H~IIIIltillrli~iir[ JIIiIH111BlIIIIil:llPEIIdegrees of dryness of the vines, 

the position of the vine roller may

BE NEIGHBORLY have to be changed accordingly.

bUfc UI"tl~~riKUKLY 

Do a fellow grower a good turn. Tear out this 

coupon, give it to him. Every cranberry grower 

should be a reader of CRANBERRIES magazine. 

* One Year $3.00 
Six Mos. $1.50 ; 
Enclosed is ----for Subscription. 

PName ----————— — -""-—-
Street address---................ 
Street add s 

|^.^ ~~ City or:*~ Town 
* 
-State ----------. 

CRANBERRIES Magazine

| 

In general this distance will vary 
on both sides of 12-1/2" from the 

points of the teeth to the face of 
the vine rollers. In the vines that 
have been well trained and are 
not too heavy a 12 inch setting 

can be used. For pruning new 
heavy growth the first time, a 13 
inch setting may be used with the 
forward conveyor roller just clearing 
the teeth. This setting has 
b fobeen

found most useful in rehabili


tating old, run-down bogs. 

| 
| 

-Western Pickers are still avail|^~~~~
able for this harvest season. 

171 Main St. Wareham, Massachusetts able for this harvest season. 

l-I ll'"l lliiiim IIaIllll'[el11-* 1-11111* 


•l ltltlltIIIK lttM'll itt i lllIIIM:lllli 11HIIIII 
Tkre 


-ONAL CRANBERRY 114G4 

ISSUE OF JULY 1951 -VOL. 16, NO. 3 

Published monthly at The Couriel Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusette. Subscription, $8.00 per year. 
Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943. at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 8, 1879. 

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled byC. J.H 

MASSACHUSETTS it was said at the State Bog that meteorologist in charge of Wisl 
H —o the month had not deteriorated Frost Warning Service has

av consin 

Bloom Heavy conditions any, as there was some been ill for some time and has been 
Tche bloom on bogs Is hieavy, coolness toward the end, and in forced to take a leave of absence. 
generally spaki This genallygenl ams is replacement is Athur . Wol


speakingun his seenot Jun-
to be true of both early an(d late favorable to quality as had the ford who has had ten years of ex-
water. Every indication is that previous months. perience in Florida in fruit fore-

there will be at least an average casting work. He arrived at the 
crop-and probably more.

Insectrop-sNandproty B. Fruit Worm Clinics Rapids on June 10 and will be on 
Asnsecs o swe Fruit worm clinics were held the job for the remainder of the 
As June ended, insects were not July 5th at 7 p.m., season 
causing undue trouble. They were July 5th at 7 p. m., at the State 
in fact a little less troublesome Bog; on July 6 at 10 a. m., at the Mather had a rather unusual

fact, a 

than n'ormal, if anything. How-Erwin Gorham Bog, Bryantville, celebration recently. Mr. and Mrs. 
ever, there was a great deal of and the same day at 2 p. m., at Brimshaw, Mr. and Mrs. B. R. 
late water and as the crop ma-the John Egger Bog, Lakeville. Mitchell and Mr. and Mrs. Sher


and, as ma


tures there could be more trouble Assistance on fruitworm and other rnan Baker, all celebrated their 
than is now anticipated. problems were given by members 50th wedding anniversaries. Mr. 

w N and Mr. 
ainfallBelow Nor tion staff. Mrs. Mitchell are long-time mem-

Rainfal B l of Extension and Experiment Sta-and Mrs. Brimshaw and 

The rainfall for the month was

The rainfallwasfor the bers of the Wisconsin Cranberry

month

but 1.38 inches as recorded at the 
State Bog at East .Wareham. This WISCONSIN Sales Company. 
is about half of normal. The hot-ASHIN 
test day of June was the 25th with Budding Below Normal WASHINGTON 
89 degrees, the coolest was 42 on Insofar as the crop is concerned, Prospects Better Than 50 
the 7th and the 12th. it still is too early to tell just what By end of June all bogs were in 

-—-~_ ^the situation will develop into. The full bloom. While it was too early 
KEEPING QUALITY budding was below normal, but the to rake any definite prediction, 

Dr. Franklin's final keeping growth and development about but in opinion of D. J. Crowley 
quality forecast came out in mid-normal as of the end of June. crop should be a little larger than 
June as follows: "The general June was a cool month, with last year, 33,000 bbls. There has 
keeping quality of cranberries this temperatures below normal. Rain-been some frost damage, it has 
Fall will be poor. If the rest of fall was about normal, water sup-developed and this was chiefly on 
June is cooler than normal, the plies for irrigation or a possible the night of May 28 when a rainy 
keeping quality will not be as poor frost were adequate. spell cleared up unexpectedly and 
as in some years. Present condi-Crop Affected several growers were caught naption 
suggest that those bogs The frost damage in the North-ping. The frost was spotty and 
which usually produce poor quality ern Areas on {May 9 and 10 was apparently all the alarms did not 
f'ruit should be treated with a serious. Winter injury is consider-work that night. 
fungicide immediately.' ably more damaging to the crop Fireworm 

At the end of June notice was than anticipated. This will affect Growers who failed to spray for 
sent out by Plymouth and Barn-the crop materially, the last few years are finding that 
stable County agents that "condi-Insect problem is not too bad, the fireworm is coming back and 
tions this year call for special at-but all growers are working on a are having to put on extra dosages 
tention to control of Fruit Rot. program for fruitworm. First to handle the pests. 
The second application of a fungi-sprays were put on some marshes With surpluses being disposed 
cide should be made toward the about June 25. of, growers feel more encouraged 
end of the blossoming period." Personals and that the crop of this year will 

With the ending of the month J. W. Milligan, formerly frost be sold at more reasonable prices. 

Four 


Annual Field Day 

Annual Field Day at the Long 
Beach Experiment Station has 
been set for August 24. Among 
other interesting features, grow-
eis at that time will have an op-
portunity to see some of the seed-
ling crosses in production. Reports 
of other experiments at the Sta-
tion will be given, 

Exceptionally Freak May Frost 

According to "The Cranberry 
Vine", the mimeographed publica-
tion of County Extension Service, 
South Bend, prepared by Ralph 

E. Tidrick, County Agent, that 
was rather an unusual frost on 
the night of May 28. The mer-
cury' dropped to as low as 26 on 
some bogs, but it was extremely 
freaky in its spottiness. To illus-
trate, he tells of a grower at Gray-
land. Sections of his bog were 
hard hit yet his frost alarm failed 
to go off. He had two of the 
alarms located in places that are 
normally cold spots for him. The 
temperatures in those spots never 
reached the danger point so he was 
not aroused to the danger. 
I ist suggested by Dr. Crowl

It is suggested by Dr. Crowley

thatis ita good idea for growers 

thatgo i dea for growersto sprinkle-irrigate bogs at least 
once a week, if water supplies pre-

e a sw i w

mit. Tidrick suggests that growers

mi. growers

who do not have sprinklers com-
pare their crops this Fall with the 
crops of the growers who have. 
"It might show you how you have 
lost some of your profits." 
"Red" Leaf and Lecanium Scale 

Growers are urged to watch for 
Red leaf spots in heavy vine 
growth or where frost injury has 
destroyed the crop. 

Some Lecaniurn scales have been 
hatched at the Experiment Station 
in order to carry on tests for con-
trol of the migatory scales. Parathion 
and Metacide have given 
good kills with nicotine sulfate also 
giving satisfactory control. 

Neighbors Being Hurt 

A few growers aren't spraying 
for fireworms, and they are being 
hurt, but what is equally important 
is that they are hurting their 
neighbors, as well. When the fire-
worm millers appear to lay eggs 
for the second brood, the wind 
blows them around over two or 

three neighborinlg bogs on tie for thle auditors to complete their 
down-wind side. Of course these records. 
lay eggs, too, and the worms that Financial and sales reports will 
hatch make extra spray applica-be given by department heads and 
tions on the part of the innocent the district salesmen will be pres-
neighbor. The bogs are so close in ent to outline the market situation 
many areas that only ditches in the various sales territories. 
separate one bog from another The new fresh cranberry packing 
man's property. "A neighbor who room will be open for inspection. 
fails to spray for insects or to All growers, whether members 
control weeds can be a headache or not, are welcome, as usual, the

Assoociation announces.

and the cause for a great deal of Assoociation announces. 
worry and expense," says "The 

Vine. 

Mass. Growers to 

"Cat Trails" 

Tidlick says he hears complaints Import Peurto 
about neighbors with cats on their . 
place. It seems the cats like to RiCO Labor 
make trails along the edges of A representative group of cranneighbors' 
bogs. berry growers, meeting recently 

Early Season at the A. D. Makepeace Company, 

Finally the growing season at with Francis J. Butler, chairman, 
end of June was about ten days and "Dick" Beattie, secretary of 
ahead of last year and the berries the cranberry labor committee, de-
were expected to be all set before cided to import Puerto Ricans for 
the 4th of July. harvest labor to the number of 

300. This is being done through 
A Meetg Massachusetts Employment offi-
Annual Meeting Of cials. 
NatiaL l The 300, who are expected to be 
I IWeather ranberry trained agricultural labor, al-
ExtremelyIs Jy y 17thh 
though of course not in cranberry 
picking, will arrive Sept. 1 to re-
National Cranberry Association main for a period of 12 weeks. 
will hold its Annual Meeting at the They will come by air, 60 to a 

Hanson (Massachusetts) Plant on plane. At present, there is no 
July 17 at 10:00 a. m. The mid-arrangement for a central housing 

July date was set to allow (Continued on Page )

time (Continued on Page 11) 

I RII 

+ FLEX-O-SEAL PORTABLE PIPE 
+ RAINBIRD SPRINKLER HEADS 
+ GORMAN RUPP PUMPING UNITS 
+ SUCTION AND DISCHARGE FITTINGS 
Write for free descriptive literature on steel and aluminum 
pipe, sprinklers, and pumping units in all sizes. 

* * 

VEG-ACRE FARMS, IRRIGATION DIV.


Forestdale, Cape Co-, Mass.,

Foestdale, Cape Mass., 
Tel. Osterville 719 

-I 

Five 


0. /^ r-L 'x' from the University of
t10Economics

American Cranberry Exchange Completes 
Its Move To New Bedford, Massachusetts 


Also Announces Appoint-
ment of Merchandising 
Manager-Lloyda R. Wil-
liams of Presque Isle, Me. 

in early June made the move from 

which city it has been located since 

ett fome orld famous

wiar ing 
City," and now a leading tex-
tile community. Manhattan, of 
course is on the Hudson River, 

mne i 

Connecticut in 1938. 
Following graduation he worked 

e

fort Connectict Dpaton oef

for the Connecticut Department of 

Agriculture as a narket reporter 

for fruits and vegetables, and as 

an inspector of agricultural food 

products. While with the depart-

tail stores.
With U. S. D. A.


Specialist the

maketio n for United 

theld rc 
dising campaigns for abundant 
foods, and supervised the distribution 
of market news information 
Stategoing tos newspaperepartmentand radio sta


whemere e condt 

of Agriculture,

forIeie,Speciai wi i the United

tions in the Northeastern states. 

artementrof

the Agriculture,

After that he was a member of an 
advertising agency staff in New 

as copywriter for the agen


cy's agricultural accounts. 

He is a member of the Presque 

Isle Maine, Kiwanis Club, a di


rector of the New England Insti


tute of Cooperatives, and a mem


of the Information Committee 

of the National Council of Farmer 

Cooperatives. He is also a menr


ber of the Chamber of Commerce 

of Presque Isle, which is the head


quarters for the Maine potato 

growers' Association. 

In speaking of immediate plans 

Mr. Bryant asserted some 

changes are to be made which he 

thinks will better sales of the Ex


change fruit. An important fea-

RUSSELL . TRUFAN

-* l 

NORTH CARVER, MASS. 

Bedford is onth Massachu-ND

New ae bAcushnet, WlAms il

1907 tonNew Bedford,

Bedford ase l wlist

1907t New ha the c a maion

and though whaling has gone, New

19er0 toivw BdfinitofAEeare ta sahu-pStahetee as esDep

Bedford is still a with

busy port, 
a large fishing fleet and still a 
crapointberryiYork,of tourist attraction. 

None of these were reason for 
the move which is, as previous-
ly announced, to have the main 
executive office of ACE nearer to 
the largest cranberry growing 

area, Plymouth, Bristol and Barn-
stable counties. New Bedford i 
in Bristol, but within a few miles 
of Wareham, Carver or Middle-
boro. New Bedford was picked 
over a town definitely with the 
cranberry area because it n

offers 
better hotel, airplane and rail 
facilities. 

The location of the new offices 
is the top floor of the Stone build-
ing at 5 South Sixth Street in the 
business center of the city. Floor 
space is about 1,600 square feet, 

or approximately that of the old 

quarters in New York, although 
there is not the extra storage space 
there was on lower West Broad-
way. 

"We are pleased to be nearer 
the great bulk of the growers than 
we were in New York," says Har-
old E. Bryant, recently named ex-
ecutive vice-president and general 
manager. All the staff have found 
living quarters in or near New 
Bedford. Mr. Bryant and family 
are at "The Cedars," Crescent 
Beach, Mattapoisett; 'Clyde Mc-
Grew, secertary; Miss Elizabeth 
McNally, advertising and publicity 
director; Miss Kathryn F. Pratt, 

treasurer; and "Bill" Kernochan, 

Si~x 

Lloyd R Williams 

traffic manager, all in New Bed-
ford. Stanley Benson has resumed 

living in house the for-he 
cuped in Lakevillber 

ed sthe staff in New York. 

Adds New Man to Staff 

In mid-June the Exchange an-
nounced that Lloyd R. Williams for 
the past three years advertising 

anager of the Maine Potato 
Growers had been added to the 
staff as merchandising manager of 
the Exchange. 

Williams will assume over-all di-
rection of the organization's mer-
chandising activity, together with 
publicity and membership rela


tions.He will spend much of the

next few months in coordinating 
Fall merchandising plans with the 
United Merchandising Institute. 

"The work of the Institute," Mr. e L

Mr.CARVER 6-11 

Bryant has said, "has been of in-
terest to many shippers, but 
for the most part it has not been 
possible for them to participate 
directly. The Exchange, as a shipper, 
is bridging that gap by haying 
Mr. Williams, as well as Lester 
Haines of Chicago office, working 
with the Institute in laying 
groundwork for the Fall selling 
campaign." 

Williams is 35 and a native ofU 
Connecticut. He was graduated 
with a B. S. Degree in Agricultural 

CARVER 64ul 

CU LVERTS 

PREFABRICATED 

FLUM ES 

I PS 

..... .......



ture will be more concentration 
upon merchandising, which is why Cranberry Bog MusKrats Under 
Mr. Williams and Haines were 
trained through UMI. Stdyn tate ot Massachsetts 

"We are going to review our 
representatives in terminal mar-state, are under study by Winston 
kets, that is, our brokers. We will (Information Educational Leader, Mas-Saville, wildlife research techni


achusetts Division of Fisheries and cian of the Bureau of Wildlife Re-

strive to make 'Eatmor' of more Game, Upton, Mass.)
importance to the. trade, by estab-search and Management, part of


lishing the best of possible rela-by Bryant R. Chaplin the Massachusetts Division of
tions. We want to make them Everybody has problems of one Fisheries and Game. Saville is in-
more conscious of 'Eatmor', do a sort or another, but few people vestigating the economic value of
better selling job with all outlets, outside of cranberry growers have fur bearers to the people of Massa-
wholesalers, jobbers and chains, problems like those caused by chusetts, and has found that the


our 
but at the same time not neglect-principal fur bearing aquatic ma muskras worth is almost double 
ing consumer advertising. mal, the muskrat. that of his nearest competitor, 

Objective More Cranberries rat loves the mink,
Mr. Muskrat loves the shallow 
Studies are also underway to de-

Through Outlets water and handy bank-site homes 
"The real objective is, naturally, provided by standard growing termine the best possible dates for 
to concentrate upon the marketing practices in the bogs of Massachu-annual open seasons in order to 

angle to the end that more fresh setts and other states Being an make the most of the crop of rat 

cranberries will pass through the energetic rodent who burrows into furs and yet leave sufficient seed 
the outlets and into the hands of retaining walls and ditch banks, stock for future years. Saville is 
the consumers." he is the cause of considerable taking into account also the time 

Although Mr. Bryant has as yet effort on the part of growers who of the year at which muskrat pelts 
visited only a few of the Massa-must repair and control the dam-become prime and are therefore 

chusetts bogs or growers, as in-age he does. The muskrat may of the greatest value. 
dividuals he hopes to get out into not be in a class with insects and While the muskrat is under centhe 
field for close relationship be-diseases that also harass growers, sure by cranberry growers and untween 
the executives and the mem-but he's a pain in the pocketbook der study by the state's Division 
bers. He has appeared at several just the same. of Fisheries and Game, he is also 

meetings in Massachusetts already, The Pest Under Study the piece de resistance of the comand 
has made two trips each to Muskrats, along with other fur monwealth's fur trappers. Falling 

New Jersey and Wisconsin. He's bearing animals common to the prey to milady's' demand for fine 

beginning to feel better acquainted. 

The practice of cutting or topping 
shade trees will often kill the Y U can ha confidence in the 
tree or cause decay and weakening h I 
of the branches. Thinning the 
treetop by carefully removing an 

Cape Cod 

entire branch is a better method. 

Cranberry Cooperative 
'[ Inc.

-A Farmer Owned-I In
Farmer Operated Cooperative
THE *0 Nationwide Distribution for Cape Cod Cranberries 
I/| 0 Aggressive sales planning and control
National Farm Loan I Efficient and economical operations


l ASSOCIATION 0o Simplified accounting -prompt payments 
OFBRIDGEWATER 0 P with agencies to correct

Cooperating other present~OFBRIDGEW~AI^~ weaknesses of the cranberry industry. 

2 Central Square-Tel. 5377 aI 

Bridgewater, Massachusetts 

I IMEMBERSHIP OPEN 

write or phone

FEDERAL LAND BANK LOANS write or phone 

41/2% Interest-Long I CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc.

Term COD CCAPE 
Friendly service as close as | 17 Court Street, Plymouth, Mass. 
your telephone I Tel. Plymouth-1760 i 

Seven 


"s?. trapping heir bogsie te 

he muskrat. He may somwner reported recently that he 
i~!ibut in the miii.leased trapping rights to local men 
cooperatewith the Division waysof Fisheries found system e suc


in finding and Game and the ton, 
to c l his n bcessful. In any event, ways and 
e must found to control

aans be 
%4·z::I2600i muskrats and yet realize some


thing from their value as a wildyond 
. life resource and producer of ex;
an{'~s depensive eternal furs. 

~~Must~Growers Being Contacted; 
~i' i~~~~~~~~~~of : ~~Saville is planning to contact a 

avaiarepresentative group of cranberry 
~'it ........... on these problems is

~growers and 
ii'~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~iand inviting their opinions as tothe 

best possible open season dates to 
adv a coincide with their operations on 
~S~ 4th ~~ the bogs. A few growers already~S~~l~~Sie~i!~i~~ipor seem to feel that the fall

~~ji~~,~i~contacted 
of the year is best, as crops are in 

C~~a~~;~~~s~~s~: 1 ~by then, and that rats taken out 
then won't be free to dig holes 
during the winter. 

Saville's work on this study can 
be greatly facilitated by the cooperation 
of all growers whom he 

· cV~~~~~%I~~ ~contacts during the next few 

The muskrat. He may someday grace some woman's shoulder's, months. Growers who desire to 
but in the meantime he's having a gay time digging into dykes in add to the information are invited 
the cranberry bogs. Massachusetts growers have an opportunity to to write him at the Phillips Wild-

cooperate with the Division of Fisheries and Game in finding ways life Laboratory, Upton, Mass. As 
to control his nuurdbers. many letters and personal contacts 

(Photo courtesy of worcester Museum of Natural History) as can be obtained will add to the 

furs in the latest fashion, some The latter plan obviously takes effectiveness of the study, which 
2600 trappers go afield each year greater advantage of the musk-in the end is designed to benefit 
to reap a harvest of rat pelts that rat's value, although some own-landowners, growers and trappers 
amounted last year, for example, ers may prefer not to have strang-alike. 
to $187,511.80. 

The total economic value of 
muskrats cannot be computed, for HUBBARD FERTILIERS 
their monetary worth extends be-LZERS 
yond mere income to successful Fr 
trappers, into the realm of a vast 
fur industry, dedicated to wom-RA " RR E 
an's eternal desire for fur coats. 

Must be Controlled, 5-10-5 71-7-7 

Yet Conserved INSECTICIDES -FUNGICIDES -AMMATE
At the present time trapping is


the only really effective method 
of control of muskrat damage SEE YO UBBAD DEALE 
available to cranberry interests, 
and it is the only one which takes or 

advantage of the rat's money D. L. HANNA, General Agent 
value. Trapping can be done by 20 Becker St., Riverside, R. . 
the grower anytime during the 20 Becker S, Riverside, R. . 
year, providing each kill is re-Telephone East Providence 1-2104M 
ported to the Division of Fisheries 
and Game, under laws which pro--B D O N 
tect landowners froir damage by THE ROGERS & HUBBARDCuMPIuu 
wild creatures, or it can be done PORTLAND, ONNECTICUT 
by licensed trappers during open 

season. 

,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Es~patalsein17 


mutual cooperation, will surely re-

REPORT OF MEETING OF DIRECTORS suit in a strengthened market and 
OF CRANBERRY GROWERS MUTUAL thefore better prices. 

WITH MASSACHUSETTS 


by Chester W. Robbins 

Secretary of Mutual 

The board of directors of the 
Cranberry Growers' Mutual, (the 
recently organized group of Massa-
chusetts growers) met at Me-
morial Town Hall, Wareham, the 
evening of June 21, with the prin-
cipal distributors of the area in-
vited to discuss in what way the 
Mutual could best cooperate with 
the distributors in successfully 
marketing the coming crop. 

Nearly the full board of directors 
was present including the secre-
tary, and president Nahum B. 
Morse who presided. Representa-
tives of all agencies invited at-
tended, as follows: Harold E. Bry-
ant, General Manager of Ameri-
can Cranberry Exchange; Marcus 

L. Urann, President National 
Cranberry Association; Melville C. 
Beaton, Beaton Distributing Agen-
cy; Orrin G. Colley, President 
Cape Cod Cranberry Cooperative; 
William Decas of Decas Brothers; 
Peter A. Lesage, of Yarmouth and 
Plymouth; and Howard Morse of 
Morse Brothers, Attleboro. 
The keynote of the meeting was 
greater unity within the indus-
try, and the fact that it lasted 
from, 8 to 11:30 p. m., attested to 
the interest and enthusiasm this 
new organization is creating 
among all branches of the industry 
in Massachusetts. The desirability 
of extending the MUTUAL to the 
cranberry areas of New Jersey, 
Wisconsin, and the west coast was 
favorably discussed. It was agreed 
that there is a definite need for 
an over-all aggressive campaign 
to promote cranberries in which 
all growers might directly partici-
pate. It is believed this can best 
be brought about through a one 
hundred percent membership in 
the MUTUAL. 

Crop Allocation 

Allocation of the crop between 
fresh and processed fruit was de-
bated, it being pointed out that 
not a sufficient percentage of the 
crop was controlled through the 
various agencies to permit the job 

SELLING AGENTS 


being done as it should be done. 

The control of the flow of berries 
to the different markets was 
touched on, but no definite plan 
for such control was suggested. 
The necessity for a good pack was 
again stressed as of vital im-
portance in marketing problems. 

The desirability of establishing 
some sort of "clearing house" to 
which shippers could report cur-
rent information and items of in-
terest to other shippers of this 
area, was discussed. This is par-
ticularly true of shipments which 
for various adjustnent such as re-
screening, turning over to canners 
or a reduction of price. If in-
formation on such items could be 
immediately relayed to all distrib-
utors through such clearing house, 
it would often remove a charge 
of price cutting and aid in main-
taining prices. 

No Decisions Reached 

No decisions were reached at 
this meeting. It was called pri-
marilly to ascertain in what way 
the Mutual might assist the sell-

ing of the crop to the very best 
advantage.rry 

Regional meetings are being 
scheduled for Barnstable and Ply-
mouth Counties, to inform the 
growers o what has een doner, 

date and what is expected to be ac-
complished to increase the mem-
bership to the point where growers 
will acquire a voice in the pricing 
and marketing of their crop. 

Membershipngs. 

Membership cards are now avail-
able and will be mailed out to 
all who have paid dues of $2 as 
voted at the last general meeting. 
All those wishing to join this pro-
gressive growers' organization 
should not wait to be asked but 
should contact the secretary at 
Onset, or any one of the directors 
in your area. 

We take this opportunity of 
thanking the representatives of 
the various sales agencies who at-
tended this meeting, and hope it 
will be one of several which, if car-
ried forward on a high plane of 

SUBSEQUENT MEETINGS 
OF GROWERS MUTUAL 
The first open regional meeting 
of the Cranberry Growers' Association 
was scheduled to be held at 
Cotuit on the Cape on the evening 
Of July 17 at 7:30. All interested 
growers were invited to attend. 
The meeting was arranged by 
Charles N. Savery, secretary of the 
Upper Cape Cod Cranberry Club. 
The directors and officers of the 
Mutual were invited by Marcus 

L. Urann, president of NCA to 
meet with officials of that cooperative 
at the Chicken House, South 
Middleboro the week of July 9. 
There was a discussion of marketing 
problems. 
An invitation for a similar 
meeting has been received from 
Harold E. Bryant, general manager 
of ACE. This meeting is to be 

the week of the 16th. 

MASS. BLUEBERRY 

GROWERS' ASSOCIATION 
VISIT RHODE ISLAND 

The 7th annual meeting of the 
Southeastern Massachusetts Blue-

Growers' Association was 
ity of Rhode 
and in Kgs Rhode Islan 

Thsursday afternoon, July 12. 

Head o 

t e e t o o ulture, 
wa host to the Massachusetts 
gowers and, following lunch a 
the ch cafeter conducted a 
tor o the oee blueberry plant-

After the tour, Dr. Christo


of his staff reported 
on the results of recent experimental 
studes in blueberry 
culture conducted at the college. 

President Charles Cherry of the 
Blueberry Association arranged 
that members and guests meet at 
the Middleboro traffic circle at the 
junction of routes No. 28 and No. 
44 at 10:00 a.m. 

This meeting is being sponsored 
by the Southeastern Massachusetts 
Blueberry Growers' Association 
with the cooperation of the 
Plymouth County and IMassachusetts 
Extension Service. 

Ninp 


•

Late Massachusetts 
Developments

Developmentslll 

July Hot and Dry 

hasb a h an r 

mon. Ts at te Se

month. Temperatures at the State 
Bog in the shelter reached 86 on 
three days, the 3rd, 7th and 8th. 
eparture nra the

fro t

Departure from normal up the 
10th as recorded at Boston was 20 
degrees plus. For the year 899 
plus 

plu*~s.~to 

Rainfall as recorded at the State 
Bog through the 10th was but .29 
inches. Departure from normal_ 
(Boston) was minus .53. De-
parture for the year, however, 

(again Boston) was plus 3.85 
inches. 
Dryness May Help Quality 

In commenting on these facts, 
Dr. Chester E. Cross of the East 
Wareham Station staff said: he 

didn't believe the hot July weather 
was having much effect upon the 
crop one way or another, except 
for the lightness of rain so far, 
added to the scantiness all told 
since June 1st, might have an effect 
upon the keeping qaulity, which 

tend to inerease 
the ccrop in size. 

so, it would tw•ditig 

Bbls.-Dr. Cross 

He looked for a crop "not so 

big that we can't sell it all. For 
a guess, I will estimate a Massachusetts 
production of about aver-
Bogin thesayshelterreached86on (Dr.

age, 550;000 barrels." 
Cross has proven about right be-
fore.) 

The July heat was improving 
the prospects of a larger crop for 
next year. The sunshine factor up 

July first, for next year's har-
vest was approximately dead nor-
al, he added. 

APPLE CROP FORECAST 
AS A LARGE ONE 
A large apple crop was forecast 

as in prospect for New England 
by the New England Crop Report-
ing service on June 19. Estimate 
is above average but a little less 
than the very large crops of the 
past two years. The Nation's '51 
production was indicated as slight-
ly above average but somewhat 
smaller than the 1950 production. 
Progress of country's crop aver-
ages one to two weeks earlier than 
last year in most important areas, 

would be definitely favorable. This but close to average, 

Simple Logic 

\ C ,

Ocean Spray Now 
Making A New 
Dietetic Sauce 

Ocean Spray is now making a

dietetic cranberry product 

new dietetic cranberry product 
that promises to be a welcome boon 
for consumers on sugar free and 

sto 
salt free diets, NCA announces. 
The 

berries is low to begin with, about 

half that of most fruits, and no 
sugar or salt is added to Dietetic 
Cranberries. Sucaryl Calciunr is 
used for sweetening, making the 
calcium content of the finished product 
45 milligrams per 100 grams. 
The new sauce contains only 10 
alories per 100 grams 
Dietetic Cranberries are packed 
in 12-oz. jars that show the bright, 
tempting color of the berries. 
Shipments have commenced and 
the new product wil soon be available 
to retail stores in all markets. 

The roots of a common weed, the 
oxeye, have yielded an insect-killing 
chemical that may be more 
powerful than pyrethrum and yet 
just as safe for humans. 

lo u are reading this ad. Others will read yours in 
CRANBERRIES Magazine. 
Rates on application. 

y 

Tel. 27 Main St. 
Wareham, Mass. 

'Ten 


Peurto Ricans 

(Continued from Page 5) 

development. Each grower will 
receive a quota and agree to pro-
vide adequate facilities. A plan 
for such a center is being worked 
on, however 

Growers who will contract for 
the labor include Cape Cod Cran-
berry Company (Urann), A. D. 
Makepeace Company, J. J. Beaton 
Company, and these will take most 
of the number. There is not much 
interest so far in the project among 
the smaller greis 

Massachusetts growers in years 
of emergency labor shortage in e 
past have utilized Jamaicans, Ba-
hamians, Kentuckians, and one 

year some German prisoners of 

GOLDSWORTHY ACTIVE AT 

THREE LAKES WISCONSIN 

Since Vernon Goldsworthy re-
signed as general manager of the 
Fruit Growers' Cooperative at 
Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, he has 
been interested in a numbe of 

number 
personal ventures. He resigned as 
general manager of Wisconsin 
Cranberry Sales Company some 
years ago and later took the posi-
tion at Sturgeon Bay. 

His own marsh at Three Lakes 
in the Northern part of Wisconsin 

now one of 75 acres and he is 
getting ready another 15. He also 
has interests in several other 
properties which require time. 

He is considering the start of a 

WISCONSIN GROWER 
PASSED AWAY 
Ambrose B. Coller, who was a 
long-time member of the Wiscon


n Cranberry Sales Company, 
passed away at his home June 6, 
at the Wisconsin General Hospital 
at Madison. His home was at 
Friendship, near which his bog 
was located. 
Mr. Coller was born in Marquette 
County on September 6, 
1885. For a time he operated a box 
factory at Neceda. He served in 
the Wisconsin State Legislature 
as Senator, 1939-1940, representing 
Adams, Juneau, Marquette and 
Monroe Counties. 

IIH 1_ ..

-..... . —..—.....—..—'.........—..... 


CUT 

ANYWHERE . 1 

l U 

WALK! 

*Steep slopes, fence rows, ditches,
broad lawns, even under water
Jari's rigid knife cuts a yard wide
It's self-propelled . . you just guide


it. Cuts up to 5 acres a day on 5
quarts of fuell


NEW POWER SPRAY ATTACHMENT
Ten gallon attachment bolts on in
place of cutter. Sprays weed or bug
killer. Hose and boom for trees and


water paints. See it today. 

tH 

eI' Co* 

1121 WASHINGTON STREET 
WESr EVWTON ~, .MAMS,

west TON 6 MASS 

,,,,--„_-,_,,--,, ,_-..—.-- .n.—..ii-
Eleven 

ye~wan~r~smGemnpioes fcannery at Three Lakes, which

war. 

WELL-LIGHTED YARD 
MAKES FOR SAFETY 


Floodlighting the yard and walks 
around the home or screenhouse 
makes for safety and security. 
This is made easier and cheaper 

by the self-contained reflector 
flood and projector spot lamps 
which will stand the weather. 

Special receptacles are available 
for these lamps. These have swiv-
el joints to make it easy to focus 
and direct the lights. 

Recent development of a low 
wattage control system further 
reduces the installation cost be-
cause wires servicing the lamps 
need not to be extended to the 
switching points, and small capac-
ity wires interconnect the control 
switches. This means that any or 
all of the lights can be turned on 
from a number of different switch 
locations. 

MOST LAWNS NEED LIME 
Most lawns need lime. Without 

would process a wide variety of 
products. Wisconsin has a bumper 
crop of blueberries and he plans 

to make a number of selections 
this Summer when the fruit is 
ripe and then next Spring set out 

at least 40 acres from the se


lections. He feels the native low 
bush has a lot of promise, if 

some one takes the interest to 

properly care for them. This 

would be one of the crops, besides 

cranberries, he would be interested 

in canning. He feels the high 
bush variety is distinctly "out" for 
Wisconsin. 

He has been doing considerable 
research work at Three Lakes with 
various petroleunr products for 
weed control in cranberries. He 
also has been supplying Searls 
Jumbo vines to a grower in 
Canada, George Holland of Tor-
onto, and also vines for two grow-
ers in Michigan. 

Concerning the production of 
cranberries in Wisconsin this year, 
Goldsworthy, who made some ac-

Most lawns Withoutcurate estimates while with the

need lime 

it, grass lacks the extra strength 
required to carry it through the 

summer. 

Ralph E. Engel, turf specialist 
at the College of Agriculture, 
Rutgers University, says that lime 
usually is needed at the rate of 
50 to 75 pounds per 1,000 square 
feet, every two or three years. A 
soil test will tell for sure if a lawn 
needs lime. 

Early application of lime will 
give the most benefit to the lawn, 

Sales Company, says it is his per-
sonal opinion Wisconsin will have 
the smallest crop in the past sev-

eral years, perhaps 150-175,000 
barrels. As July began he felt 
bloom was normal, but lots of 
vine growth which could mean a 
big crop for 1952. He is also encouraged 
about price possibilities 

this Fall, as are many others. 
Wisconsin growers he says are 
going in more strongly for fertiliz-
ing than they did at one time, 


TThe

, Mot'h»„ol

Mother Goose To 

DBe I \A/iscon *is 
De In

WiSCOnSin S 

Coming "Cranboree" 

"Mother Goose in Cranberry-

landbeenhas adopted as th 
theme for the 1951 "Cranboree" 
parade Saturday, September 29, 
at Wisconsin Rapids. This was 
decided by the Rapids Chamber of 
Commerce which sponsored the 

affair for the first time last year. 

The parade chairman believed 
that the various nursery rhyme 
characters and situations would 
offer excellent possibilities for 
business firms to "tie-in" with 
their products or services, and that 
floats of this type would delight 
children especially. The parade is 
expected to draw up to 50,000 peo-

ple this being based upon last 
year's initial event. Possibility of 
electing stands at strategic points 
along the parade route in the city 
is being discussed. 

Patronize 

Our 

.^

Advertisers 


CRANBERRIES 
The National 
Cranberry Magazine 


chamber group in charge 
decided to operate two souvenir 
stands during the "Cranboree" 
and authorized the purchase of 

4,000 "Cranboree" buttons to be 

sold in connection with the queen 
contest. A supply of match-books 
bearing the official "Cranboree" 
emblem have been ordered and 
will be offered to taverns and res-
taurants and other business out-
lets at $15 per 1,000 to finance and 
advertise the event. 
There will also be an "official" 
song of the day. 

NCAberries 

On 1950 Berries 

National Cranberry Association 

will pay a third advance to mem-
bers for cranberries delivered to 
the cooperative fro the 1950 crop, 
according to a recent vote of the 
Executive Committee. 

The first advance of $5.00 was 
paid last Fall when the berries 

—___ ____ __ __ __ _ _C 


were delivered and a second ad


d a 

vance of $1.00 was paid in May. 
The third advance of $1.00 paid

.^^ ^r~~^ ^about .^~

in June, brings the amount paidl

'__________ _ 

A British scientist accidentally 
discovered that 2,4-D killed weeds 
while he was attempting to in-
crease oat yields with the hormone. 

Your Ability to Produce Is 
Vital -It Concerns Us-Let Us I 
Tell You How We Can Help 
Preserve It! 

grewv^ A I r I 
DreCWve fr LorC 
INSURANCE 
40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. 

6-080

Telephone: Hancock

Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 

so far up lo $7.00 a barrel. Further 
payment on the 1950 crop is 
expected in the Fall when the pool 
is closed. 

National's financial position on 

May 31, 1951, the close of the fiscal 
year, is the best in its history 
officials say. Sales to the civilian 
market made an increase of 1,00,000 
cases over the fiscal year ending 
May 31, 1950. For fiscal year 
ending May 31, 1949, sales were 
2.510,238; fiscal year ending May 
31, 1951 totalled 5,143,504 equivalent 
cases to all markets. (Equivalent 
being used because dehydrated 
are included). 
This represented a gain of 31 
percent in civilian sales while government 
business including school 
lunch, canned cranberry sauce sold 
to the military and dehydrated 
berries, brought the overall increase 
up to 58 percent. 
ational has been on a current 
basis since January, 1951, when 
the carry over from a series of 
M 
bumper crops was used up. Mar


cus L. Urann, President of the cooperative, 
estimates that the pres-

cranberries will just 
about take care of Ocean Spray

take care of Ocean Spray 
~demand until the 1951 crop is harvested. 


PENINSULA CRANBERRY
CLUB MEETS


A mid-June meeting of the Pen


insula Cranberry Club (Long 

Beach, Washington) fixed the date 

for the Annual Cranberry Field 

Day as August 24. D. J. Crowley 

spoke on the dangers of frost as 

there had been some injury at 

Graylands. Charles Nelson, Coun


ty Agent, reported that the use 

of 2, 4-D in certain mixtures has 

seemed to offer pronmise in com


batting horsetail and also destroy


ing young willows that spring up. 

A committee was named to make 

plans for a cranberry float for the 

Saddle Club parade on July 22. 

Dr. J. Harold Clarke showed color 

berry culture on Cranberry Farm. 
A luncheon was served by Mr. and 

// _Mrs. Guido Funcke and Mrs. Red_
lund. 

Twelve 


Vol. 16 No. 3 
ISSUE OF JULY 1951 


THIS YEAR HAD BETTER BE BETTER CRANBERRIES -WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS 
_-~______________ ~Subscription $3.00 per year 
WITH harvest time now only a matter of Advertising rates upon application 

a few weeks away, this climax of the 
year is being awaited with unusual interest. Editor and Publisher 
This is probably a more crucial year than CLARENCE J. HALL 
many. With the bugaboo of the surplus EDITH S. HALL-Associate Editor 

considered to be overcome, the courage of 
the growers, from its lowest ebb, has been 
rising. In all areas the producers seem to CORRESPONDENTSADVISORS 
anticipate a better "break" price-wise this 
year. 

There will be tremendous disappointment 
and undoubtedly very adverse effect Wisconsin 
upon the industry if this does not come c. D. HAMMOND, Jr. 
about. Fortunately there are many indi-Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin 
cations and omens for better results. Industrial 
activity is high throughout the 
country. Unemployment is low. For instance, 
figures for unemployment in the Washington-Oregon 
heart of the Massachusetts cranberry area J. D. CROWLEY 
are way down, insignificant compared to a Cranberry Specialist 
year ago. In this, witness the decision to Long Beach, Wash. 
hire imported labor again, for the first time ETHELM. KRANICK 
in a number of years. Bandon, Oregon

Buying power of the consumer should 
not be an adverse factor, despite certain 
"softness" economists note here and there. 
The problem is to induce the public to buy Massacusetts 
cranberries in sufficient quantity to clean DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

the crop in Mass. State Station

both fresh sales oDirector Cranberry Experiment

up the crop in both fresh sales or for ordi-East Wareham, Mass. 
nary processing needs at prices which bring 
the necessary margin of profit to the grow-BERTRAM TOMLINSON 
ers. This effort the industry seems to be Barnstable County Agricultural Agent 
wholeheartedly making from the ground Barnstable, Mass. 
up. "Grower-level", so called, has become 
market conscious in the extreme. The distributors, 
perhaps, have become more New Jersey 
conscious of the necessity for increasing CHARLES A. DOEHLERT, 
emphasis upon "merchandising" the crop, New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station 
of extending sales to new areas and spread-Pemberton, New Jersey 
ing these out over the year in processed 
berries. 

Certainly this "grower-level" is watch-felt that executives of the two major coing 
closely to see what the distributing end ops and independent agencies would never 
of the industry will do with the 1951 pro-be induced to accept such an invitation. 
duction. The industry has "dug in" on What will come of this remains to be seen. 
market thinking this year. It would seem But there is the common meeting ground 
that all this concentration upon selling ef-that the big crops we are now producing 
fort must pay off. must be moved, to work on as a starting 

point. 

IT is interesting to note that the Cranberry 

Growers' Mutual at its meeting of its q0 Mother Goose is coming to the cranboard 
of directors at Wareham, did get the ' berry industry out in the Wisconsin 
major Massachusetts distributors to meet "Cranboree" of next fall. We trust there 
with it as guests and discuss marketing will be no other fantasy or make-believe 
plans and better promotion problems. Many for the growers at that time. 

Thirteen 


cranberry-land looks 
the biggest events in 
years. 

POLYPLOIDY 

Siwith 

like one of 
a number of 

IN 

big Republican rally Sunday, July 
29, at which Senator Robert A. 
Taft is to be the principal speaker 

and which wil linclude a huge 
clambake at Edaville, South Car-

i ver, Mass. At least 0,000 are ex-
pected to be present at Plymouthto 
iii~iiiii.iiji:.iitr being mnde for

provisions 
nearly 2,000 at the bake, which 

of the cranberry industry.sf 

~:~:~~:~i2 *:~*:~:*~:*

igi 
w5iS;iij

i 

adi 

(Dr. Darrow iu principal Horticulturist

of tho United. States Department of 
Agriculture at the famouam Beltsvilc,

]V[~y]and Plant Industries Station. The

fMoylsnd Plat IndustriespStatiorn.mthe 

X.. ii:Emphasis of the addresses is to 
be a return to "Plymouth Rock

lanscTaf Dr ir tris Holmrelatees thaman

being put on by Nords 
aIntinwdeBChokupawll iDr. Darrow i principalcultHorti uristch 

F—aly whichoso isf next door to The

PRor C 0 a at Carver.

be a ngrsm to "Plymouth Rock

return 
ROBERT':::APrinciples," aPilgrimred 
as muchtheofproas well-


—a'nationwide NBC

Accommodation Planned

tiesSeatAccommodationsorP Henry a Lural with 

isreprint, in part, from the 
furtherookup,

raspberry varieties which I

Science, permission Dr.

of 

as other portions of the program 

mout omgram e in that historictown, Darrow).is to 
Joseph W. M~artfn, Jr., minority 

leader in the House of Representa-o bon

leader in the House of Reprhromosomes

wlTaft will binebroadcast on the 

rpn i p 
of the Sety r . 
ea s 

with the meore 

from t 

Hri 

eta tpeenta-r 
commonTi 

TAFTP

ROBERT A. TAFT

.Plansiymouth-C addressi

re 

be other speakers., 
at Plymouth Rock. Congre 
olson\ P Massachusetts 

wil W 

of Wareham, Ry

.' 

will be other speakers. 

nCa o 
and acnr sec inath hisht-
patterned after typical New Eng-

ste 

-~ A~ ^ AUTOMATIC l 

m b ell, Cabot Lodthe 

Included in the program will bed 

cmrossed

PlymOUt-JsarVper 

F N 

F.t
ri I I _

Plymouth--Carver

Plans Progress t 

moth. 

2,0 


For Nearly 2,000 at Eda-
e ^C 1atir 
!0,000 Expected at Ply-

Accommodatihons Planned 

t e stosmaned, 

parental stock. However, when 

parental stock. However, when 
thPesenator

disease thanmany related varieties

wait themrere

Ie chromsse common 

chooarrl 
s l I 1 

1then widely cultivated. Thisr 

Their 
aHenry hybrid

|broad-and thick-leafed group hads. 

sbetween 
mon varieties of raspberry had 

he one with fo 
varietiesthe seedlings s produced

somatic or vegetative cells; that 

made hao desirae

of them latter types

ever-present

e relativelysterile In 1923,e 
chromosomes occur the

--Carv more commoninseven 

(19) dfoun that the om-
croostume, chste

discovered that the stout-caned, 

Donal

i Con .grem W 

i Firstacter Church

ic First Pilgrimp ThisrwerGOP rallyin the heart

For Nearly 2,000

Plans are progressing

l ymT^ 

|ville -C a m b a k 

Plan a pr s 

mouth Rock Cover 

at Eda-

for the 

hof

ou l

e, w^ith .Lngley 
descendents iD Colonialc yo 

~xpA~..' ~he

Pilgrim breakfaso 

.

LEUTOMATIC 

— OWER ~Tfour
DRIVEN 

wiasba d nt further found tha

broad-and thick-leafed group had 

fr th church sets, or 28 chromosomes per

TheWERe classed as polyploids forms

T O r l n ta histor-rin are eethe

Rk randt service 

ASCIPORTABLE cell, and that thae hybrids between

MACHtkIE 

these and the comnbon varieties 
chromosomes chromosomes theury

a quarter14in ofeach ago

cell. Both of these latter types

ra&Llt~Etfaper ande therefore wtr 

SrqthEI I ) I I diploids. Onare classed further examinationas polyploids--forms 
in which three or more basic sets 
of chromosomes occur in the 
~~~~~somatic cells. The one with four 
sets is called a tetraplaid; that 
with three sets is classed as a tri-

ThE PCJWER 

It

Fourteem 

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Weighs only 24 lbs. 

I/TY Rum 6 hours Pe, gallon.plaid. It was further found that 

·. Compac,

SMOOTH RUNNING 

IJXh.....

Trouble-ffee 

os.cloin..... E---a si //. 

• O. E c
, BALANCEDL. ,t ......... 


$im:le to handle 

|ALSO CRANBERRY PRUNING 

C.& L. E UIPMENIT 
ACUSHNET, 

the relative sterility of the tri


plaid hybrids was a result of an 
| unbalancedsfactor in researchchromosomeon the fruits

system. 
Thus, over a quarter century ago 

| aII. was forced to take polyploidy in-
to account in breeding programs-and 
it has been an ever-present 

factor in research on the fruits 
| with which I have since worked. 
Having found such a condition 

in Langley made

raspberry, (17) 

.iS~ 
MACHINES 

CO 

} F.LEONARD P.

H. C. CRAN 
191 LEONARD ST. 
Tel. RoAester MASS._Tel. New Bedford

89-,7 


berry where similar problems had 
appeared. In that fruit the na-
tive wild woodland strawberry 
(Fragaria vesca var. americana) 
was found to be diploid; an open-
woodland wild strawberry of cen-
tral Europe (F moschata) was 
found to be heaxploid; while our 
common wild meadow strawberry 

(F. virginiana) and all cultivated 
garden strawberries were octa-
ploid, with eight sets of chromo-
somes. 

Longley (16) had previously 
surveyed the blackberries and 
found a polyploid series ranging 
from 2 to 12 sets of chromosomes. 
Ile also surveyed the blueberry 
group (18) for F. V. Coville and 
found three groups: diploid, tera-
ploid, and hexaploid. 

Inthe raspberry the tetraploids 

have strong stocky canes with 

large thrifty leaves in comparison 

leaves in 
with the diploid. In the straw-
berry, the hexaploid is sturdier 

thanhe diploid, and the octaploid

thanthe diploid, and the octaploid 
stronger than thethan the In the 

hexaploid. 

yand hexa-

blueberry, tetraploids adwould 
ploids of the same species-group

m vig-
are tean thewadlod In th 

ploidsaregenerally smewhat ore 

orous than the diploida

orousrthanther di s Irnoften 

blackberry there are strong-growing 
species in each chromosome 
group, some of the diploids hav-
ing about the same vigor as some 
of the 12-ploid group. But it is 
plainly evident that the 12-ploid 
blackberries bear a very different 
relationship to the diploid black-
berries from that of the tetraploid 
raspberries or blueberries to their 
respective diploids. A true under-
standing of the effect of poly-
ploidy and the use of polyploid 
material in breeding in any group 
must be based on a knowledge 
of the relationship of the poly-
ploids to the lower-chromosome 
species and forms in that group. 

The story of the evolution of 

the groups fronm which our small 

fruits have ben derived is shroud


ed in the mist of the geological 

past. A botanical friend of mine, 

particularly interested in such 

things, informs me that each year 

evidence is being uncovered, in-

dicating that flowering plants were 

present much longer ago than we 

have been suspecting. There is 

excellent evidence that, could we 

have walked about in the land a 

million years ago, we would have 

found many plants much as they 

are today. There would have been 

quite recognizable strawberries; 

various blackberries would have 

been present, among them the 

direct ancestors of our present 

western trailing sort. as well as 

the eastern forms; and the blue-

berries already would have been 

sorted out into various lowbush 

and highbush kinds, 

There is little question that 

some of these strawberries, black


berries of a million years ago 

were almost identical with some 

now living in our woodlands and 

meadows, and near moist seepages 

and streams; yet could we corn-

pare those with the living we also 

would be able to detect another 

Inseries of changes. of

theetrplois Some 

series of changes. Some of these 
changes have been very slow-

°155 
the gradual evolution which one 

expect a

mhightthe ploid over long period

might expect over a long perid 

of time. But had we been present

and able 

throughout the period and able 

.to watch these changes, it also 

have been evident that evo-
lution did not always proceed at 
a steady pace, for outside factors 

ste ady pace, for outside factors

influence and accelerate the 

F 

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development of new and different 
sorts. There is excellent evidence 
that, in the blackberries there has 
been a fairly recent and extremely 
rapid development of new forms-
even within the last 200 years; the 
blueberries also have been evolving 
for a very long time, but certain 
types seem to have appeared only 
within the last century, and there 
is abundant evidence that newer 
forms are currently being evolved 
in the wild. The majority of these 

are polyploids. 

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Fifteen 


Blueberry 

The development of the blue-
berry occurred within the lifetime 
of most of those present. But the 
development of the blueberry as a 
fruit has occurred through millions 
of years, and polyploidy has play-
ed a large part in the process. The 
cluster-fruited blueberries in which 
scientists are interested are most-
ly eastern North American. There 
are about seven or eight diploid 
species, seven or eight tetraploid 
species, and three hexaploid 
species. It is particularly interest-
ing to find both diploids and tetra-
ploids of several of the same types 
of bluebm'ties still growing in the 
same areas Evolution in the wild 
Is Very active in this fruit today, 
just as it is in the blackberry. 
Several blueberry species.are im-
portant in that their fruit is har-
vested in the wild, but those that 
have been most important in the 
origin of cultivated varieties are 
the tetraploid highbush, mostly of 
the Atlantic Coastal region, the 
tetraploid lowbush of the North-
east, and the hexaploid rabbiteye 
of southern Georgia and northern 
Florida. 

In the Southern States one an-
cient species is the diploid Vaccin-
ium tenellum, a low-bush drought-
and heat-resistant form. In part 
from this species and also from a 
series of common ancestral species 

1D^Av A

MTT

R\ KJYANI A 

the drought -and heat -resistant 

hexaploids V. amoenum and V 

ashei (the rabbiteye) have evolved 

--the rabbiteye with the most vig-
orous and productive bush of all 
blueberries. The hexaploid V. 
amoenum is widely distributed in 
the southern States and may have 
evolved before the Ice Ages from 
the diploid V. tenellum. The hexa-
ploid rabbiteye appears to be 
younger, seemingly having devel-
oped, in part, only within the last 
15,000 to 20,000 years, much of 
this development having taken 
place only within the last century. 
The majority of the plants of it 
found in western Florida grow in 
what were rice fields, which the 
rabbiteye blueberry invaded when 
the plantations were abandoned 
during the war between the states. 
We have found no tetraploid of 
the rabbiteye group. We there-
fore crossed the diploid with the 
hexaploid and this past year have 
obtained a tetraploid, this has al-
ready been used to cross with the 
highbush to obtain hybrids with 
the earliness of the highbush and 
the plant qualities of the rabbiteye. 

Though we have experimentally 
produced a new and, we hope, very 
useful species just this past year, 
it is hardly possible that nature 
has not already evolved this or 
closely similar species, for the 

A new Botanical 

hexaploid and diploid species are 
growing together in the South. As 
occurs so often, we have not sufficiently 
surveyed what nature has 
done for us, and, in this case, have 
found it easier to make what we 
want. 

Stanley Johnson surveyed the 
lowbush blueberry of Michigan to 
select the best individuals for 
crossing with the highbush. 
Among the selections was Michigan 
lowbush No. 1. It seems to 
be, however, what we had been 
searching for-a tetraploid hybrid 
involvin genes both of the very 
hardy light blue Canadian blueberry, 
Vaecinilum ytrilloides, and 
of the lowbush species. It is probable 
that an unreduced pollen grain 
of the diploid Canadian blueberry 
fertilized a normal egg of tetraploid 
lowbush to produce the Mich


igan No. 1, or its ancestor. At 

y rate, in this selection, or in 
others yet to be discovered, we 
should find some of the desirable 
qualities of this Canadian blueberry 
species which we wish to 
utilize in breeding. 

Cranberry 

There are at present three recognized 
species of cranberry in the 
world; two are diploid and the 
third is tetraploid. As in the case 
of the blueberry, the diploid and 
tetraploid cranberries do not cross. 
The large acreages of cultivated 
varieties are now composed entirely 
of diploids, derived from the 
southern species. A more northerly 
and hardier species is tetraploid. 
To cross the commerical diploid 

varieties with the wild tetrploid,

Derman and Bain proceeded as 
follows: they used colchicine to 
produce tetraploids of a majority 
of the cultivated varieties; these 

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Sixteen 


were then crossed with individuals 569. 1923. Jour. Agr. Res. 27: 737-748.
of the more northerly wild tetra-4. -Chromosomes in Vac-1924.
ploid. The induced tetraploids of cinium. Science 56: 567-568. 1927. 6. , and Darrow, G. M.


ndcdteo h Geo

the c--ltivated varieties have been Cytological studies in diploid and moth blackberries. Jour. Heredity 

crossed and selfed, and these are polyploid forms in raspberries. 39: 99-107. 1948. 

now in the field for fruiting tests. 

The results are most promising. 

As yet there has been no oppor


tunity to cross the extremely hardy 

Ligh-arctic diploid species with JU LY is the month when the 

the southern, commercial diploid 

varieties. When this is done, the least effort is desirable. 

best of the resultant hybrids 

could then be changed into tetra


ploids by the use of colchicine; fol-

lowing this the material then could Let 

be hybridized with the best of the 

new tetraploids races now under


going field:tests. The final se-Lighten your burden-in your 

ploid. .. 5. _ , and Darrow, M. Origin of the Logan and the Mam


lections would probably be a series 

of new super-hardy cranberries. home, in your cranberry work. 

LITERATURE CITED 

1. Camp, W. H., Fischer, H. E., 
and Derman, Haig. Chromosome 
numbers in Vaccinium and related 
groups. B 1l.Torrey Club 71: 498. 
d Bain, H. F. eri-Pymouth County Electric Co.

2. ~ ~,and Bain, H. F. Periclinal 
and total polyploidy in cranberries 
induced by colchicine. Pro. WAREHAM PLYMOUTH 
Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 38: 400. 
1941. Tel. 1300 
3. Longley, A. E. Cytological Tel. 200Tel. 1300 
studies in the genera rubus and 
crataegus. Amer. Nat. 57: 568-_. Ji 
THE CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE 
EQUIPPED WITH FACILITIES FOR 
SCREENING AND PACKAGING THE 
CROPS OF IT'S MEMBERS. 

THE NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY
SALES COMPANY


9 Station Street Middleboro, Mass. 

TELEPHONE 200 


orduringcranberries.k

cases more th58 of 

Spray'swasOceansals record to civilian markets for the fiscal

~~~~~~~iThat 

TO SELL 4,267,979 CASES

3110 1949June 1,n1951

~~~M~~~~~~~~~~May1, 1950 May 31, 1950ChickJune 

That was Ocean Spray's sales record to civilian markets for the fiscal 

in Cranberry

Your membership Nationalat:overgain a year ago. prAssoci-on

year justended-acases of1,020,376 Govern


wation assuranceis your of a growing cranberryed.

meHanson, Harwich, Mreassache

Mabusinessachusetts brought the 12 month up to 1,885,220 equivale,Oregon 
cases or 58 % more cranberries. 

TOTAL SALES 

MayOnset31, 1949-JuneMay 1, 1950 31, 1950--NJune 1, 1951 
EqSt.CivaaentJohns Chicase Barrel C ase 
Barrel Equivalent Equivalent Equivalent 

Equivalent 
296,207 3,258,284 467,591 5,143,504 

Your membership in National Cranberry Association 
is your assurance of a growing cranberry 
market for your crops. 

NATIONAL CRANBERRY ASSOCIATION 

The Growers' Cooperative 

Branches at: 

Hanson, Massachusetts North Harwich, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon 

Onset, Massachusetts Bordentown, New Jersey Markham, Washington 
St. Johns Canada North Chicago, Illinois Long Beach, Washington 


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