Cranberries - The National Cranberry Magazine, 1975-05

              Massachusetts 
New Jersey 
Wisconsin 

Oregon 

Washington C A 

Canada THE NATIONAL CRANBERRY MAGAZINE 

~~~~~~n~~ W 45^^1 

MAY 1975 
GEORALD POITERl-~lli 
ROUTE 2 ^•-''lli . 


DIRCTORY for cranbierry urowers 


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_________________________________ IThe 
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The National Bank of Wareham OComptAenuey 
Conveniently located for Cranberry Men North Dighton, Mass.

Phone 824-5607 

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CRANBERRIES 

THE NA TIONA L CRA NBERR Y 
MA GA ZINE


-Our 39th Year of Publication-


IssueofMay 1975 
Volume 40 -No. 1


1. S. Cobb ... publisher 
J. B. Presler ... editor 
Office: R-55 Summer Street, King-
ston, Massachusetts 02364, Post 
Office Box J. Telephone (617) 
585-6561. All correspondence and 
advertising should be sent to Box J, 
Kingston. 

ADVISORS -CORRESPONDENTS 
Nova Scotia 


1. V.
HALL 
Botanist,

Research Station

Botanist, Research Station 
Kentville, Nova Scotia 
* 

Massachusetts 
DR. CHESTER E. CROSS 
Director, Mass. Cranberry 
Experiment Station 
IRVING DeMORANVILLE 


Extension Cranberry Specialist 
Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station 
* 


New Jersey 
PHILIP E. MARUCCI 


Research Professor in Entomology 
Extension Specialist in 


Cranberries and Blueberries

Official Cooperative
Weather Bureau Observer 


* 

Washington 

AZMI Y. SHAWA 
Associate Horticulturist and 
Extension Agent in Horticulture 


Long Beach, Washington 
* 
Wisconsin 


VERNON GOLDSWORTHY 
Eagle River, Wisconsin 


—________-


CRANBERRIES is published once a 
month by Pilgrim Publishers at R-55 
Summer Street (P.O. Box J) Kingston, 
Massachusetts. Second Class postage paid 
at Plymouth, Massachusetts Post Office. 

Price is 50¢ per copy, $5.00 a year in 
U.S., $6.00 in Canada; all other coun-
tries $8.00 a year. Foreign remittances 
must equal U.S. funds. 

Copyright 1975 by Pilgrim Publishers 

L N 

NEW JERSEY 


Last month was the coldest 
April in the forty-five year weather 

recording history at the Cranberry 
and Blueberry Laboratory in New 
Lisbon. The average temperature 
was 46.7 degrees, which is -4.8 
degrees lower than normal and 6.3 
degrees colder than April of last 
year. The previous record lows for 
April were 47.2 in 1966 and 47.5 in 

1940. 
Two daily record lows were 
established. The 24 degree mini-

mum on the 14th and the 26 degree 
on the 22nd displaced the previous 
records set in 1940 and 1953. 

Another unusual feature of the 
month was the period of four days 
from the 4th through the 7th when 
maximum temperatures remained 
in the low forties and minimums in 
the twenties. For short term severe 
April weather, this was exceeded 
only by the six successive days of 
maximum temperatures in the 
forties from the 7th through the 

12th in 1935. 

Rainfall occurred on seven days 
and the total for the month was 

3.58 inches. This is 0.21 inch above 
normal. For the first four months 
of the year the accumulated pre-
cipitation is 14.69 or 1.40 above 
normal. 

As of May first the winter flood 
has been withdrawn on only about 
400 to 500 of New Jersey's 3,100 
acres of cranberry bogs. Most 
growers await the traditional May 
10th date before removing the 
water from their bogs. The cool wet 
season has held back normal growth 

of blueberries. As of May first, the 
season was about ten to twelve days 
behind normal. On this date there 
was only a scattering of open 

blossoms in early varieties in the

The mild winter 

Precipitation 
was favorable and as a result there 
is an extremely heavy bud set on all 

varieties. 

W3 

WISCONSIN


Temperatures were unseasonably 
cold in the first half of April, 
averaging 7 to 15 degrees below 

normal. Because of the cold temperatures, 
precipitation has been 
mainly confined to snow. The 
southeast had about an inch of 
precipitation water equivalent from 
the snowstorm of April 1-2. Other 
southern areas had about a half 

inch water equivalent from that 
storm. Northern and central areas 
have had little or no precipitation 
in the first half of April. The west 
and southwest had just under a half 
inch from snow on April 9th. High 
temperatures in the first week of 
April were in the 30's except for 
some 40's in the south on the 4th 

and 6th. Temperatures finally rose 
into the 50's orf the 12th and 13th 
under the influence of sunshine and 
a declining snow cover. 

The last two weeks of April 
featured a typical variety of spring 
weather with variable temperatures. 
Severe thunderstorms brought scattered 
hail and heavy rain in western 

and southern areas on the 17th and 
18th. Showers and thunderstorms 
occurred on the 22-23, with heaviest 
amounts in the west and north. 
Very heavy rains fell in the state on 
the 27th and continued into the 
28th. 

A 

WAASHINGTON 

The 5th National Cold Protection 
Workshop sponsored by ASHS 
Committee on Meterology and 
Climatology was held in Yakima 
April 8-10. The meeting, which 
Azmi Shawa attended, brought 
together meterologists and horticul


tursts from deciduous and citrus 
fruit growing areas. 

total for April was 

3.33 inches bringing the year total 
3.33 inches, bringing the year total 
Continued on page 20 


Winterkill Digs Lake's Graves


Madison, Wis.-When, and if, the 
ice finally leaves the lakes up in the 
northlands of Wisconsin, there just 
may be a lot of Cranberry Lakes 
around. 

Cranberry is a shallow 512 acre 
lake in Price County that went into 
the winter with a full complement 
of northern pike, perch, crappies, 
bluegills and large-mouth bass. 

Cranberry Lake is now a shallow 
512 acre grave. 

Almost all the fish are dead now, 
according to the best of estimates, 
as a result of the late winter 
snowstorms that pelted the north-
western section of Wisconsin. When 
the weather warmed and some of 
the ice melted, the evidence was 
there. Thousands of fish, belly up. 

Cranberry Lake is new to a lot 

of people because until a year ago it 
had no public access. It was a 
reservoir for a cranberry company 
and it was fished by only a few 
people. 

Then the Department of Natural 
Resources built a road to the lake 
and constructed a launching ramp. 

Just when folks were beginning 
to fish the lake, it died. Many 
people thought that the cranberry 
company accidentally dumped 
some fish killing chemicals into the 
lake and killed the fish. 

"No, it was a normal winterkill, 
as far as we can determine," said 
Bill Threinen, head of the inland 
fisheries department for the DNR 

at Madison. "It was a very severe 
winterkill caused by the late snow-
falls." 

0-

II' 1'<^^

L4—-^^^ been affected and how bad the kill

^^^ 
C^^^^, ^ /^ flhas been until the ice leaves, 

however. 

JIM'S JOB SHOP 

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0^_^ Y^severe 
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Other people thought that the 
winterkill was caused by a drawdown 
of the lake in January. Jerry 
Beaver of the DNR at Park Falls 
said he had heard of a drawdown, 

but DNR checks through the winter 
lvs . 

He s t dissolved oxygen 

ne of the dlaed ixygen 

February and was found to be low, 
b n t l t st f l 
Te late snowfall prevented sun


lt snom prevente sunlight 
from penetrating the thick ice 
cover, he said, and the decaying 
veg eta dissolved oxygen coniengt 


The DNR is now formulatingplans to restock the lake to replace 
t thousands of fish that were 

ed Northern pike and bass fry, 

for example, will be stocked as 
soon as possible. 
~~~~~~~~Itwill be some time, though, 
before the lake is restored to the 
fishery it once was. 

According to Threinen, there 

•may be many other lakes with 
winterkill this past winter. It 
won't be known which lakes have 

60 feet long. We have both one-wire braid and E~ 
two-wire braid hose and a complete line of

cusom-ut Soruthc Eastfon, MascusetatsdeUFUEWR 

couplings and adapters. Try our quick service.MAHNR

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Easton, MassachusetMtddebos,

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-®CUSTOM BUILT 
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BOG SANDERS 
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Mss.•234 


A cranberry


that doesn't


slow ripening!


The trouble with some cranberry fungicides 
is that while they may control fruit rot, they 
reduce color development. Not ORTHO 
DIFOLATAN® 4 Flowable. 

What's more, this efficient fungicide clings 
tightly, resists washing off. Rain 
actually prolongs protection be-cause 
it helps distribute DIFOLATAN 
to new growth. It provides top 
flight protection against fruit rot, 
even when conditions favor disease 
development. 

DIFOLATAN can be mixed with most com


monly used insecticides to save you time when 

spraying, but don't combine it with highly 

alkaline materials. DIFOLATAN is easy to 

handle. It stays in suspension with minimum 

agitation and there are no particles 

to clog the nozzle. 

Apply DIFOLATAN at 10 to 14 

i: day intervals. Avoid Accidents: 
For safety, read the entire label 
including cautions. Use allchemicals 
only as directed. 
Chevron 

Chevron Chemical Company 

TM'S: ORTHO, CHEVRON AND DESIGN,- DIFOLATAN -REG. U.S. PAT. OFF. 


I^»»»™^™»^™».™* i JOHN E. WAARA Wallace, a grandson, Carl, and a 

brother Matt, all of Grayland; a 
o101 ,6ils y John E. Waara, 76, sister, Joseph (Emma)

\i^ a long-time Mrs. Sund-
Grayland, Washington resident, strom of Sweden. 
died recently at a local hospital * 
following a brief illness. 
CHARLEY W.ANDERSEN He was born in Matojaruy, WANTED 
Sweden, Jan. 23, 1899. He came to 
Charley W. Andersen, 66, of R. the United States in 1916 and later CRANBERRY HARVEST 
2, Warrens, Wisconsin, died March 3 to Grayland from Hancock, Mich. 
in a La Crosse hospital. He married his wife, Anna, July 19, 
He was born Sept. 23, 1908 to 1923, in Seattle. 
Mr. and Mrs. Anton Andersen in He had been a cranberry grower DECAS CRANBERRY CO. 
the Township of Lincoln, Monroe from 1927 until his retirement in 
County, and married Celia Noth 1966. He was a life member of the WAREHAM, MASS. 
Oct. 4, 1936. He had been a Aberdeen Eagles and was on the 
cranberry grower in the Warrens board of directors of Ocean Spray 617-295-0147 
area for many years. Cranberry Growers. · _,_,_........... 
He was a Lincoln Township From 1943 to 1945 he was the 

supervisor and a trustee of St. assistant to the county extension Farm CreditService 
Matthew's Evangelical Lutheran agent and on the advisory board of 
Church board. the Grayland Cranberry Associa-Box 7, Taunton, Mass. 02781 

Survivors are his widow; a son, tion. He was also on the local Tel.617-824-7578 
Harold A., of Warrens; a daughter, Drainage Commission. 0 
Mrs. Christopher (Karen) Scott of In 1961 he was named the PRODUCTION CREDIT LOANS 
Chicago, Ill.; four grandchildren; Aberdeen Junior Chamber of Comtwo 
brothers, Christian of Racine merce Conservation Farmer of the LANDBANKMORTGAGES 
and Alfred of Princeton; and a Year. 
sister, Mrs. Anna Burdick of Ra-Besides his wife at the family Office-on Route 44 
cmine. home, he is survived by a son, 1/4 Mile West of Rt. 24 

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PRODUCITION 


Let us turn from consideration 
of pesticides and their role in 
protecting human health to what 
has been called the world's greatest 
current and future problem-that of 
feeding, clothing and sheltering 
people. Our largely urban popula-
tion in America must realize on 
reflection that fruits, vegetables, 
meats and dairy products all come 
ultimately from growing plants. 
Fewer of them realize their depend-
ence on green plants for their 
clothing and still fewer that lumber, 
boards and timbers for house con-
struction, all come from growing 
trees and forests. Early in this 
century nearly half of the American 
work force was engaged in food and 
fiber production; today less than 5 
per cent is so employed, and herein 
lies one of the great problems of 
American food and fiber produc-
tion-the lack of knowledge and 
understanding by the great majority 
of urban Americans of the prob-
lems of farmers and foresters. 

F'ORFAHIJNGRl!IWOLD


by
DR. CHESTER CROSS
and
DR. ROBERT DEVLIN


One of the sobering facts of 
twentieth century America is this 
reduction of food and fiber produc-
tion workers from 50 to 5 per cent 
of the total. During the last several 
decades this had meant the steady 
loss of about.100,000 U.S. farmers 
each year. We say "sobering." 
Clearly it means that year in and 
year out (and despite many govern-
ment programs designed to be 
helpful) farmers have had increasing 
difficulty making their long work 
week yield a decent living for 
themselves and their families. We 
do not have a solution to this 
growing problem, but in view of the 
above, it is clear that food prices 
paid to the farmer have not been 
high enough to keep many of them 
in business. 

It may come as a shock to most 
readers to be told of the amazing 
achievements in food production 
during the past half-century. Com-
modity after commodity has shown 
a sharply increased productivity per 

acre. In cranberries we have gone 
from an average crop of 20 barrels 
per acre in 1910 to 96 barrels per 
acre in 1971. These figures are the 
average for the crop produced in 
the Bay State. Corn used to yield 
about 25 bushels per acre in the 

U.S. corn belt in World War I times, 
but to stay in business today the 
mid-West farmer must produce 100 
bushels per acre. Throughout the 
food production industry a quadrupling 
of productivity per acre can 
generally be observed. 
This stupendous achievement 
has many consequences. First of all, 
it meant we could feed a population 
that had more than doubled in 
size without increasing the area 
under cultivation. For good or bad, 
this made land available for housing, 
for interstate highway systems 
and for conservation or wilderness 
use that would otherwise have been 
needed for food and fiber produc-

Continued on next page 


tion. Secondly, this increasing productivity 
per acre meant that farmers 
could sell units of their produce for 
less because of larger volume. 
Difficult as it may be for the 
American to realize it his food 
costs him on average less than 
one-fifth of his after-tax income 
(and this includes the cost of his 
restaurant and hotel dining). No 
other people in the world can boast 
that such a small percentage of 
expendable income goes for food. 
in England and western Europe it 
takes 25 to 35 per cent of 
expendable income to buy food, 
and in the U.S.S.R. and its satellites 
the percentage rises toward and 

beyond 50. 

This great achievement in the 
efficiency of American food production 
was reached through many 
technologic improvements. We have 
learned to replace the plant nutri


ents lost in the raising of each crop 
so that soils remain fertile and 
productive. In cranberries and 
many other crops we have curtailed 
frost losses with sprinkler systems

which in replacing flood frost 
controls have conserved enormous 
quantities of water. But probably 
the greatest curtailment of losses 
has come from the discovery of 
controls for crop-plant diseases, 
weeds, insect pests, mites, etc. The 
authors of this article can recall the 
devastation of a crop by insect 
hordes when there were no controls 

available. In recent years we have 

seen vast acreages of forests defoliated 
by gypsy moths and tussock 
moths. When this occurs in mid-
growing season wild-life disappears 
because food supply and shelter has 
gone with thegonefoliage.ith 
Though 
hardwood trees usually survive such 
defoliation for a year or more, their 
growth is severely limited and their 

resistance to disease so reduced 
they become vulnerable to the 
attack of fungus pathogens. The 
damage caused by defoliating pests 
on pine, fir and spruce forests is 
more deadly because evergreens 

frequently die as a result of a single 
defoliation. 
Contrary to many stories in the 
public press, energetic efforts have 

Jar containing anopheline and culicine larvae which DDT controls 

Dealing EXCLUSIVELY in Massachusetts 
cranberry acreage and upland. Listings 

y

of buyers and sellers welcomed.

Tel. 888-1288 

Tel. 888-1288 

CRANBERRY ACREAGE AVAILABLE IN 

THE TOWNS OF MIDDLEBORO, ROCHESTER, 

WAREHAM & CARVER 

DOUGLAS R. BEATON 

E. Sandwich, Mass. 02537 
Mass Real Estate Brokers License #73365 


been made by public-service scien-
tists to control forest and agricul-
tural pests by importing pest para-
sites and predators from around the 
world. The English or (House) 
sparrow and the starling were 
brought here decades ago to eat up 
the gypsy moth caterpillars. Unfor-
tunately, these birds found other 
and more delectable supplies of 
food, failed to exert any control on 
the gypsy moth and freely multi-
plied until they had taken over the 
nesting sites of many native song 
birds and finally became insuffer-

able pests themselves because of 
their millions. 

Of the hundreds of pest parasites 
brought into the U.S.A., reared in 
large numbers and released into the 
environment, many failed to survive 
in our climate and only a few 
effected measurable control on the 
target pests. It is for this reason 

that while life history studies go 
forward on both pests and pest 
parasites that pesticides continue to 
be used as registered and approved, 
and alternative pesticides continue 

to be studied. 

These same pesticides are largely 

responsible for the abundance and 

quality of American food. Agricul-

tural scientists are continuing their 

efforts to reduce the share of each 

crop destroyed by pests. In recent 

years, great efforts have been made 

to avoid undesirable side-effects of 

pesticide usage; and because we 

know more about our own efforts 

in cranberries, we write of these 

while knowing that similar efforts 

go forward in other crops. 

Wherever possible cranberry 

growers close the drainage flumes 

of their bogs prior to pesticide 

application to prevent the escape of 

toxic residues downstream with the 

drainage water. This impoundment 

allows the time necessary for the 

breakdown of short-lived carbamate 

and organo-phosphorus pesticides. 

In past years this same technique 

proved efficacious in providing time 

for the adhesion of chlorinated 

hydrocarbon insecticides to organic 

matter and soil particles almost 

completely fixing them in the site 

of their essential use and preventing 

their migration away from the bog. 
Thus dieldrin was used in a cran-
berry bog only once in five years 
giving excellent control of three 
species of destructive cranberry 
root-grubs while at the same time 
dieldrin residues in estuarine waters 
and silts below the bogs remained 
so low that their levels were 
indistinguishable from waters and 

silts in estuaries not receiving cran-
berry bog drainage. 

Most insecticide and fungicide 
applications in Massachusetts cran-
berries are made at dusk through 
solid-set sprinkler systems. While it 

is still daylight the sprinklers are 
tested with clean water to be sure 
all heads are turning and no leaks 
are present. Then as darkness 
comes, and as daytime winds be-
come calm (a necessary feature for 
circular sprinkler patterns and even 
distribution) the grower meters his 
pesticide into the pump in 15 or 20 
minutes, rinses with clean water to 
clear his system and shuts down. At 
dusk the pollinating bees are back 
at their hives and birds are at roost 
in the surrounding forest. If the 
grower has used an organo-phos-
phorus insecticide it has broken 
down to inoccuous levels by the 
morning when returning bees and 
birds find nothing remaining that is 

toxic to them. 

Cranberry growers know that 

their 40 to 50 million flowers per 

acre must be visited by bees to 

convert by pollination their flowers 

into berries. They regularly hire 

hives of bees at considerable cost to 

insure this vital pollination. They 

would be the last to do anything 

that would kill off these bees and 

destroy the relationship with their 

beekeeper. 

Finally, it needs to be pointed 

out that farmers use pesticides that 

are approved and registered for use 

by the Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). Further, he knows 

that his produce will be tested 

enroute to market by the Food and 

Drug Administration (an agency of 

EPA). If illegal residues are found 

his entire crop may be confiscated 

and destroyed without compensa-

tion. The farmer knows this and he 

also knows that by following label 
instructions he can avoid such 
residues. It is sometimes forgotten 

that the farmer and his family are 
often the first consumers of his 
crop; he is unlikely to misuse 
pesticides that would poison either. 
In cranberries (and we are sure 
other crops are doing likewise) we 
have developed a means of examining 
the cranberry bog to determine 
not only the presence of an insect 
pest but the number and dispersal 
of the pest infestation. Cranberry 
growers have learned to use an 
insecticide only when a sizeable 
part of the crop is threatened. In 
this way treatments are reduced to 
a minimum, costs reduced, parasites 
are encouraged to contribute a 
measure of control, environmental 
burdens kept at minimal levels, and 
developments of a tolerance by the 
pest to the pesticide is retarded. 

EXCERPTS FROM 
"8 SURPRISES" 

y Dr. JohnJ. McKetta 

DDT and other chlorinated com


pounds are supposedly endangering 

human lives and eliminating some 

bird species by thinning the shells 

of their eggs. There is a big question 

as to whether this is true. Even if 

true, it's quite possible that the 

desirable properties of DDT so 

greatly outnumber the undesirable 

that it might prove a serious mis


take to ban this remarkable chem


ical. 

Dr. Norman E. Borlaug, the 

Nobel Peace Prize winner, is op


posed to the banning of DDT. He 

won the Nobel prize because he was 

able to develop a new strain of 

wheat that can double the food 

production per acre anywhere in 

the world that it is grown. Dr. 

Borlaug has said, "If DDT is banned 

by the United States, I have wasted 

my life's work. I have dedicated 

myself to finding better methods of 

feeding the world's starving popula


tion. Without DDT and other 

important agricultural chemicals, 

our goals are simply unattainable." 

Continuedon Page 2 

on Page 20 7Continued 


most recently on June 5, 1973. 

Both ofthesebasic lawsrequire

West Germans Enforce trict 

Pesticide Control Laws 

By THOMAS B. O'CONNELL 

Assistant U.S. AgriculturalAttache 

U.S. Mission tb the EuropeanCommunity 
Brussels g~~~~~~~Br~~usset~~l~~s

~of 

the consent of the Federal Assembly 
and the Federal Council. 
Most ordinances, however, since 
they provide authorization for implementing 
programs, require the 

consent of only the Federal Coun


cil. Thus, in the last analysis, food

legislation depends on the consent 
legislation depends on the consent 

a political body. 

Establishing tolerances. The first 
step involved in placing a pesticide-
including an imported pro


duct-on the German market is to 
apply to the Federal Biological 
Institute. Applications may be 
made by the producer the owner 

of the firm intending to market the 
substance, or by the importer. 

According to the Plant Protection 
Law, an application must 
include at least the following: 
Name and address of applicant 
name of substance, composition of 
substance (scientific nomenclature) 

uses ant hazards, 
instructions for use, intended labeling 
of packages, nature of packag


ing materials, and other pertinent 
documentation. 

The applicant must also provide 
the Institute with at least a 2-pound 
sample of the compound for chemical 
and physical tests plus addi


for 

carrying out biological investiga


tions in the field. 

addition the Biological Insti-

In a t the lical nti 
tute requests that the anlicant 

formatio aform wity, inclu her 
act oral rmal an inli 
m etal dosas deteined 

a le the rat da r 

on at est t a 0-day chronic 
ar 
feeding tests using the rat and the

dog. 

requested on fire 

azar e ieo f ire 
haz ; flh point; melting 
point; boiling point and persis-

West Germans traditionally have 
been concerned with food purity-a 
concern that is reflected in strict 
legislation regarding pesticide use 
and permitted levels of pesticide 
residues in food. These regulations 
have a spillover effect on food 
imports into West Germany-the 
world's largest importer of agricul-
tural products, estimated at about 
$12 billion in 1974. 

While advocates of "pure foods" 
are found throughout the world, 
they seem to be more numerous in 
West Germany than in many other 
countries. Such foods are generally 
considered to be those produced 
without chemical fertilizers, pesti- 
cides, or food additives. In the 
United States, they are called 
organic or natural foods. 

Not all of West Germany's 
organic food users, however, are 
aware of the country's rigid pesti-
cide regulations, which aim at 
balancing consumer health safety 
with good farming practices. Con-
cern is growing that German con-
sumers are paying more for alleg-
edly organic foods that are neither 
safer nor more wholesome than 
foods of better quality produced 
more efficiently with pesticides and 
fertilizers. 

West. Germany has one of 

Europe's longest histories of regu-

lating farm chemical use through 

legislation. Two basic laws-the 

Plant Protection Law and the Food 

Law-provide authority for legisla-

tion governing agricultural chemi-

cals. Both are general laws, under 

which a number of implementing 

ordinances are issued. 

The first, the Plant Protection 

Law of May 10, 1969, relates 

mainly to the production and 
application of agricultural chemi-
cals, and is under the authority of 
the Federal Ministry of Agriculture. 

Among other things, the law dele-
gates responsibility to the German 
states for enforcing various ordin-
ances, such as that setting residue 
tolerances, and presents enforce-
ment guidelines. 

Another ordinance under the 
Law is concerned with testing and 
registering plant rot

protection mater-of 
ials. Under this ordinance, detailed 
guidelines are set forth for register-
ing plant protection materials such 
as insecticides, fungicides, and plant 
growth regulators. 

Responsibility for carrying out 
the provisions of the ordinance 
rests largely with the Federal Biolo-
gical Institute, a semiautonomous 
Federal agency, reporting to the 
Federal Minister of Agriculture. 
The Institute's main office and 
laboratories are in Braunschweig. 

The second basic law is the Food 
Law of January 17, 1936, as 
amended. As with all other matters 
having to do with residues in foods, 
responsibility rests withthe Federal 
Ministry of Youth, Family, and 
Health. The Food Law provides the 
legislative authority for establishing 
pesticide residue tolerances.is 

The Ministry of Youth, Family, 
and Health drafts residue tolerance 
ordinances in consultation with 

such other Minstries asAgricultureoducts,
and economics and Finance, as well erth, and water of origial sub-


stance, degradation products, and 

as with food industry representa-odstu

reaction products-in foodstuffs

tives and producer and consumer p ucts-n 
groups. Tolerances are published in 
the Residue Tolerance Ordinance Further, applicants must specify 
for Plant Protection Materials, target organisms and host plants; 
which is periodically modified, application rates; delay between 


applications and between last appli-
cation and harvest; disposal; equip-
ment cleanup; possible dangers to 
neighboring crops, warehouse per-
sonnel, field workers, and bees; 
efficacy for specific uses; and 
analytical methods for the deter-
mination of residues. 

The Biological Institute must 
provide the applicant with a report 
on the status of its work within 3 
months following receipt of the 
application. Before final authoriza-
tion, the Biological Institute must 
provide its own results on at least 
six categories of tests, including: 
Chemical composition, efficacy for 
intended uses, possible hazards to 
plants and plant products, effects 
on human and animal health, and 
persistence in earth and water. 

After these tests are completed, 
an Export Committee meets to 
render an opinion on a pesticide 
chemical before it is authorized for 
marketing. 

This Committee is composed of 
30 members appointed by the 
Federal Council. Members are 
drawn from the Biological Institute, 
the Federal Health Office, and the 
State Plant Protection Services. 

As appropriate, additional repre-
sentatives may be designated from 
universities, analytical institutes, 
and from among Federal and State 
officials. Other experts, not mem-
bers of the Committee, may also be 
asked to appear at the meetings. 
Once authorization has been 
granted, it is valid for a period of 

10 years and is renewable. 

Having successfully completed 
procedures necessary for authoriza-
tion by the Biological Institute, 
samples of the compound, along 
with copies of all the data devel-
oped to this point, are forwarded to 
the Federal Office of Health (an 
arm of the Ministry of Public 
Health) located in Berlin. 

At this agency, toxicological 
data in particular are examined and 
further tests carried out as neces-
sary. Data are then reviewed and 
compared with similar data from 
other agencies and with acceptable 
daily intake (ADI) recommenda-
tions from the World Health Organ-
ization. 

All findings are then considered 
in the light of good agricultural 
practices and good manufacturing 
practices and used as the basis for a 
recommended residue tolerance and 
forwarded to the Federal Ministry 
of Youth, Family, and Health in 
Bonn. 

This Ministry consults with 
other interested Ministries (particu-
larly Agriculture), as well as with 
industry and consumer representa-
tives, before preparing a final pro-
posal on residue tolerances. 

After the proposal has been 
approved by the Federal Cabinet, it 
is presented to the Federal Council 
for final legislative action. 

At this point, the proposal has 
taken the form of an amendment to 
the Residue Tolerance Ordinance. 
The results of the action taken by 
the Federal Council are published 
in Part I of the Federal Law 
Register. 

Neither newly established nor 
changed residue tolerances are ever 
published individually; rather the 
entire list is amended periodically 
(appearing as an annex to the 
Ordinance). 

The Federal Biological Institute 
may publish new pesticide registra-
tions indicating changes in residue 
tolerances, however, provided that 
an adequate delay period between 
last application and harvest is 
stipulated. Such changes or addi-
tions to the list of approved 
pesticides are published in the 
Federal Gazette. 

For those pesticide-crop combin-
ations for which no residue toler-
ance has been specifically estab-
lished, an automatic tolerance is 
assumed at one-tenth the lowest 
published tolerance for that pesti-
cide on the most closely related 
crop. 

This system poses an ever-in-
creasing number of problems, as 
more and more such combinations 
are found which do have a place, 
however small, in German agricul-
ture. Growers of such crops find 
themselves frustrated by these pro-
hibitively low residue requirements. 
German officials are aware of this 
situation and claim to be in the 

process of remedying it. 

Enforcement. Enforcement of 
the German Food Law, and consequently 
both the taking of 
samples of foodstuffs and the 
performance of chemical analyses 
on them, is entirely in the hands of 
the 11 German states. Each individual 
state has developed its own 
administrative orders. 

Sampling. There is no standardization 
of sampling sizes and techniques 
in West Germany. Sample 
sizes and the manner in which they 
are drawn may in some cases be left 
to the discretion of the individual 
inspectors. 

Domestically produced commodities 
may be sampled in retail 
stores, in retail or wholesale storage 
facilities, or, in a very few cases, on 
the farm (after harvest and already 
sold). Imported agricultural goods 
are sampled at the point at which 
they enter the German customs 
territory. 

Food inspectors are authorized 
to sample agricultural commodities 
only after they are legally classified 
as food. Imported goods become 
food immediately following sale to 
the first merchant in the chain. 
Processed goods, such as bread, 
milk, or beer, may be sampled at 
the processing plant. 

Many German officials would 
prefer to sample at the "farm gate," 
but the present situation, plus the 
more practical fact that German 
farms are relatively small and 
widely scattered, make "farm gate" 
sampling very difficult. 

These legalistic and logistic prob


lems make it very difficult to 

enforce proper pesticide usage on 

the farm. By the time an infraction 

is discovered, it is often too late 

either to identify the producer or 

to prevent circulation of the lot 

from which the sample was taken. 

More and more, German states 

are making use of coding systems, 

whereby each lot of commodities is 

identified as to specific farm or 

origin, and samples for analysis are 

similarly identified. Such systems at 

least will permit the inspectors to 

take punitive action against those 

who misuse agricultural chemicals. 


Sampling regulations vary from 
state to state. Nordrhein West-
phalia, which includes the densely 
populated Ruhr Valley, is the most 
populous of all the German States 
and receives a large portion of the 
foodstuffs imported into Germany. 
This State adopted an Administra-
tive Order on Food and Quality 
Grade Inspection in November 
1971. 

The order spells out all of the 
operating details concerning sam-
pling techniques for foodstuffs, as 
well as analytical methods to be 
used, such as those for determining 
pesticide residues. For example, it 
provides that at least 10 samples 
per year be taken for each 2,000 
inhabitants. At least three of these 
10 samples must be from foodstuffs 
of animal origin. 

The Order also contains lists 
showing the minimum sample sizes 
required for many individual food 
products. These samples are drawn 
by trained food inspectors either by 
buying samples in retail stores, or at 
the production level by visiting 
food manufacturers, processors, or 
slaughter plants. 

The inspectors are responsible, 
among other things, for taking 
samples, identifying them as to 
source, and forwarding them for 
laboratory analyses. Thus, compli-
ance is concentrated much more 
heavily on the final processed 
product than on raw agricultural 
products' 

Imported products may be sam-
pled twice-first, at the point of 

entry into the Federal Republic, 
and second at the point of sale in 
one of the states. 

Customs officials now have the 
authority and responsibility to 
determine-in cooperation with the 
regular food inspection labora-
tories-that imported foods comply 
with the new German Food Law, 
enacted in August 1974. The new 
law specifically provides that all 
imported products must meet the 
requirements of the Food Law, 
with only the exemptions that are 
specified in detail. 

Analysis: Throughout the FRG, 
there are some 60 State Institutes 
for Chemical Investigation. Each of 
these institutes is equipped with 
laboratories, which are charged on 
an individual basis with performing 
continuing analysis of different 
substances for contaminants. These 
substances include pharmaceuticals, 
cosmetics, detergents, wines, meats, 
other foods, water, and sewage. 
Pesticides are among the contamin-
ants looked for. 

Only 11 of the 60 facilities are 
directly instructed to perform pesti-
cide residue analyses, but these 11 
are located so as to facilitate the 
shipment of samples taken by 
inspeofors. 

In 1970, these laboratories em-
ployed about 500 academically 
trained chemists, the number in 
each laboratory varying from only 
2 to 3 to 25 or more, depending 
upon workload (facilities in Augs-
burg and in Bremen, for example, 
have 8 trained chemists each, Ham-

burg has 21, and Munich 28). 

Similarly, the average number of 
samples analyzed in a year varies 
from laboratory to laboratory 
(about 450 in Bremen and 1,500 in 
Hamburg). 

Analytical methods used for 
detecting and measuring different 
pesticides on different crops are 
from a variety of sources. The 
German Ministry of Public Health, 
for example, is the sole authorized 
source of analytical methods for 
wine and meat. 

For other commodities, methods 
are taken from the Association of 
Official Analytical Chemists and its 
German counterpart (the DFG), the 
Federal Biological Institute of 
Germany, the International Standards 
Organization, and various 
industry and university sources. 

Most if not all of these laboratories 
have gas-liquid chromatographs 
with a variety of detection 
devices for analytical purposes. In 
addition, the larger laboratories 
have increasingly sensitive and 
sophisticated equipment ranging 
from infra-red and ultra-violet spectrophotometers 
to fluorimeters and 
atomic absorption equipment for 
detecting heavymetals. Ultra-sound 
is used in a few laboratories for 
extraction purposes. Gel chromatography 
is being evaluated as an 
analytical tool and at least two 
facilities will have mass spectometers 
by early 1975. 

After receiving a sample from 
one of the inspection agencies, the 
laboratory performs a standard 
series of analyses as quickly as 

possible. Regardless of the nature 

of the findings, a certificate of 
analysis must be forwarded immediately 
to the inspection services that 
drew the sample. If no pesticide 
residue problem appears, the shipment 
or lot remains in circulation. 

On the other hand, if excessive 
residues are found, the appropriate 
inspection service is notified and a 

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Eau Claire, Wis. 

715-835-5157 
Madison, Wis. 
608-222-4151 

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Al CIISTRUCTO EQUIPMET sample is forwarded to the nearest 
HARVESTER COMPANY / facility so equipped. 

Continued on Page 20 


Farm t

aU. "77 Expor Outlookrlr

U~.S0./75 Farm

Export Outlook 

i ii.~ ii ithe 

Clouded by Uncertainties 

By ARTHUR B. MACKIE and HENRY C. TRAINOR 

Foreign Demand and Competition Division 

The recent low of 12 percent-in 
1969 can be considered abnormal, 
since it was heavily influenced by 
dock strike that held the 

volume of U.S. exports inthat year 
to well below the average level for 

all other years of the 1966-70 

period.

In retrospect, it appears that the 

yer 1967-9 may have been 

years 1967-69 may have been 
exceptionally low years for U.S. 
agricultural exports, both because 
of the impact of the dock strike 
and the Green Revolution in developing 
countries that greatly reduced 
their grain imports from the 
United States and other major grain 
producing countries. 
For example, during the 7-year 
span 1965-1972, India expanded its 
wheat production from 11 million 
to 27 million tons, an increase in a 
major crop unmatched by any 
other country in the history of 
wheat production. 
The rapid growth in production 
of agricultural products in many 
developing countries during this 
period greatly reduced their total 
import demand for food products. 

For example, wheat imports by 
Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, 
and Sri Lanka were reduced by 
half-from 9.2 million tons in 
1965-67 to 4.6 million tons in 

1970-71. 

Continued on next page 

Economic Research Service 

Exports of U.S. farm products, 
which were valued at a record $22 
billion in calendar 1974, may 
approach this record in calendar 
1975. However, this year's outlook 
is clouded by such uncertainties as 
sluggish economic conditions 
throughout the world, the tenuous 
nature of crop predictions in major 
producing areas, and the need for 
many countries to rebuild their 
stocks of important feedgrains and 
oilseeds. 

The future role of U.S. farm 
exports in world agricultural trade 
will hinge largely on the rapidity-
or lack of it-of economic recovery 
in Western Europe and Japan in the 
short run, and on the success of 
developing countries in increasing 
their agricultural production in the 
long run. 

Economic growth in developed 
countries will affect export sales of 

U.S. feedgrains and soybeans, while 
U.S. wheat and rice exports will be 
heavily influenced by future expan 
sion in the developing and centrally 
planned economies. 
A combination of world events 
of the past three years-highlighted 
by major crop shortfalls, rapid 
economic growth and inflation, 
monetary instability, and rapid 
growth in demand for U.S. farm 
products-has lifted the U.S. share 
of world agricultural trade to its 
highest level in a quarter of a 
century-16.5 percent in 1973 and 
probably an even greater share in 
1974. 

At this level, the U.S. market 
share was up more than 3 percent-
age points from the 13.3 percent of 
the 2 previous years and almost 3 
percentage points above the 
1966-70 average of 13.7 percent. 

The previous high for U.S. 

market share occurred in 1966, 
when it reached 15.3 percent as a 
result of major crop shortfalls in 
the Asian subcontinent. Large ship-
ments of U.S. grain, primarily to 
India, were made at that time. 

The U.S. market share of world 
agricultural exports had been fluc-
tuating around 13 to 14 percent for 
24 years until the rapid increase 
that occurred in 1973. Except for 
the period 1968-72, when the U.S. 
portion of world agricultural trade 
decreased slightly, the U.S. market 
share has trended steadily upward 
from a low point of 10.8 percent in 
1953-55. 

For example, the U.S. percent-
age share increased from 11.9 to 

13.4 between 1951-55 and 1956-60 
and to 14.6 percent in 1961-65 
before declining slightly to 13.7 
percent in the 1966-70 period. 
M RSE SO N I 

l | . -l i' 

Serving Agriculture 

Helicopter Application Cranberry Highway 
Division West Wareham, Mass. 
CHEMAPCO INC 2951553 

_ 


The recent upward trend in U.S. 
agricultural exports began-in 1970 
when value rose to nearly $7.25 
million. In recent years, U.S. agri-
cultural trade hit new records in 
each successive year-$7.69 billion 
in 1971, $9.2 billion in 1972, $17.7 
billion in 1973, and $22 billion in 
1974. 

During this recovery period, 
thriving markets for soybeans and 
feedgrains in Japan and in the 
European Community greatly con-
tributed to boosting U.S. agricul-
tural trade. As export markets 
began to recover, soybeans and 
feedgrains led the way. 

In 1972, for example, more than 
$2 billion worth of U.S. soybeans 
and products were exported-the 
largest single item in value in all 

U.S. foreign trade including such 
glamour export items as aircraft 
and computers. In the early 1970's, 
cash purchases-rather than P.L. 
480 transactions-of U.S. farm 
products by wealthy nations was in 
fact exactly the kind of trade the 
U.S. agricultural economy had been 
seeking. 
Large purchases by the USSR of 
wheat and feedgrains in 1972-as 
well as shortages of some agricul-

tural to the

productscontributed

tural products-contributed to the 
exceedingly large export volume of 

U.S. agricultural products at record 
price levels. 
In 1973-74, purchases by the 
USSR-formerly an exporter of 
wheat-were reduced considerably. 
However, export markets for U.S. 
products expanded in East Europe 
and in the People's Republic of 

F O R SALE 


5 acres cranberry bogs 
New motor for flowing 

Some upland 


Reasonable 
East Dennis & Brewster 


MRS. HARRY R. SEARS 
BOX 5 


China-in the latter case rocketing share. The trend in the U.S. market 
to about $852 million in 1974. share of world agricultural trade has 

In addition, Japan and the EC been closely related to the role of 
continued to be extremely impor-the United States in world wheat 
tant customers, with Japan import-exports. 
ing $3.4 billion worth of U.S. farm For example, the United States 
products and the EC $5.3 billion increased its share of world wheat 
worth. exports steadily from 1954 through 

Another major factor responsi-1966, as did the entire U.S. share of 
ble for the recent trends in U.S. world agricultural trade. When the 
market shares of world agricultural U.S. market share for wheat ex-
trade has been grain exports-both ports declined in 1967-72, so did 
food and feedgrains. Soybeans and the role of the United States in 
products also have been influential world agricultural trade. 
during the past five years, but The resurgence of U.S. wheat 
grains have been clearly the leading exports from 35.4 percent of world 
commodity in setting trends since wheat exports in 1972 to 45 
1950. percent in 1973 was sufficient to 

Of the grains, wheat exports increase the U.S. role in world 

have been the most accurate baro-agricultural trade from 13.3 to 16.5 
meter of the actual level of U.S. percent. 
exports as well as of the market Courtesy ForeignAgriculture 

U.S. MARKET SHARE OF WORLD AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS 
INCREASES, 1973 AND 1974 
Agricultural exports' . Agricultural U.S. shareof world 

Year share of total

d U.. share sepo Wheat All grains 

.dol. Percent Percent Percent 

1950 ....... 20.60 2.87 13.9 28.3 32.1 30.5 
1951 ....... 27.63 4.04 14.6 27.1 44.2 42.7 
1952 ... 26.58 3.43 12.9 22.8 42.4 35.3 

1953 ....... 26.67 2.85 10.7 18.2 30.2 27.9


1954 ....... 27.89 3.05 10.9 20.3 26.0 20.9 
1955 ....... 28.76 3.12 10.8 20.2 28.2 29.3 
1951-55 Avg. 27.50 3.30 11.9 21.7 35.2 31.2 
1956 ....... 30.79 4.17 13.5 22.0 38.1 34.4 

1957 .31.74 4.51 14.2 21.8 35.2 32.0 

1958 ....... 29.83 3.85 12.9 21.7 34.8 37.1


1959 31.80 3.95 12.4 22.6 34.7 38.6 
1960 ....... 33.95 4.83 14.2 23.7 40.7 38.7 
1956-60 Avg. 31.62 4.26 13.4 22.3 36.7 36.2 
1961 ....... 34.61 5.02 14.5 24.1 43.1 38.8 

1962 35.25 5.03 14.3 23.4 38.1 40.7 
1963 ....... 38.85 5.58 14.4 24.1 40.8 41.1 
1964 ....... 41.58 6.34 15.2 24.1 39.3 39.8 
1965 ....... 42.68 6.23 14.6 22.9 34.8 40.5 

3859 
1966 ....... 45.03 6.88 15.3 22.9 39.2 44.5 

1967 ....... 44.82 6.38 14.2 20.4 35.6 38.6
1968 ....... 45.59 6.23 13.7 18.2 33.6 37.9


1969 49.34 5.94 12.0 15.9 28.3 33.7 

11961-65 Avg.. 5.64. 14.6 23.7 39.2 40.2 

1970 ....... 5377 7.26 13.5 17.0 33.4 35.6 
1966-70 Avg. 47.71 6.54 13.7 18.9 34.0 38.1 

1971 .. 57.93 7.69 13.3 17.7 30.0 30.6 

1972 70.79 9.40 13.3 19.2 35.4 40.0 
1973 107.00 17.68 16.5 25.6 45.0 46.9 
1974 (Prel.) . 13000 22.03 16.9 22.5 39.9 40.2 

1971-74 Avg. 91.43 14.20 15.5 21.9 37.6 39.4 

EAST DENNIS, MASS. 02641 

EASTDENNIS,02641 Includes SITC Sections 0, 1, 2, and 4, but excludes divisions 03, 24, 25, 27, and

MASS 

28. 
Tel. 617-385-3343 


Mils. Rffle*UTss~~~OQ 
1I8— A—

len—11our 

I ! 
S1a111n 
^ Stl~at~ien 

CIrJ~IubelUIrIIrv~I 

Ugood

I fleYNntoeA VbyIRVING E. DEMORANVILLE 

extension cranberry specialist

I FieldU NolesO 

Personals 

Prof. Stan Norton has a paper 
published in the Transactionsof the 
American Society of Agricultural 
Engineers, Volume 18, No. 1, pages 
20-26, 1975. The title is "Develop-
ment of a New Cranberry Harves-
ter." This describes our traditional 
methods of harvest, both dry and 
wet, and gives a detailed description 
of the development and perform-
ance of the new picker developed 
by Prof. Norton. Reprints of this 
paper are available on request. 

Frost Warning Service 

The Frost Warning Service spon-
sored by the Cape Cod Cranberry 
Growers Association has 180 sub-
scribers to date as compared with 
194 last year. However, the dona-
tions to the answering service have 
been coming in at a slightly better 
rate which is encouraging. This is a 
valuable service at all levels and I 
hope you will continue to support 
it. There were no frost warnings 
issued through May 8, although we 
had two nights in late April (the 

28th and 29th) when temperatures 
ranged from 16 to 23 degrees. This 
caused no injury as the month had 
been very cold and the vines had 
winter color. We are at least 10 
days behind our normal this year. 
Weather 

April was very cold averaging 
about 3.7 degrees a day below 
normal. This was the fourth coldest 
in our records. Maximum tempera-
ture was 62 degrees on three days, 
the 18th, 23rd and 30th. Minimum 

was 26 degrees on four different 
days, the 1st, 10th, 12th and 22nd. 
The only warmer than average days 
were the 18th, 23rd and 30th. 
Cooler than average periods oc-
curred on the 2nd, 4-10th, 13th, 
16th, 27th and 28th. 
Precipitation totaled only 7.90 
inches which is about 1.4 inches 
below normal. There were measur-
able amounts on nine days with 

1.23 inches on the 3rd as the largest 
storm. Actually, one-half of our 
precipitation occurred in the period 
from the 3rd through the 5th and 
^the other during the period from 
the 24th through 27th. This was 

driest April since 1968. We 
recorded one inch of snow on the 
5th. 

o6Water supplies' are in reasonably 

shape as we come into the 
frost season. Winterkill is no problem 
and there is little oxygen 
deficiency injury. There is some 
patchy leaf drop, particularly in 
Howes where the bog is in need of 
sanding or has severe red mite 
injury or where some other stress 
situation has occurred. The bud will 
have to rank at or near the top of 
the list, so our prospects appear 
excellent at this point in time. 
Early Blacks are still struggling to 
attain green color at the end of the 
first week in May, while Howes 
retain their red winter color. 

Tips for Late Spring 
and Early Summer 

1) The early spring pests are, or 
soon will be, showing up on bogs. 
These include cutworms, spanworms, 
leafhoppers, fireworms, tip-
worms, sparganothis fruitworm, 
weevils and red mites. The sparganothis 
fruitworm can be detected by 
careful examination of loosestrife 
or the new cranberry tips for 
webbing. Weevils over-winter as 
adults and are active whenever 
temperatures reach 70 ° or above. If 

these pests are controlled in May or 

Continuedon Page 15 

We have plenty of P E lateral and P V C main pipe with all 
the fittings for buried sprinkler systems and repairs and improvements 
to installed systems. We are taking aluminum main line pipe 
in trade for buried P V C. If vandalism is a problem on mains 
above ground, perhaps you should consider trading for buried 
P V C. We are also installing new systems with our Mole plow 
using Rain Bird sprinklers and Hale pumps. 

CnARLES W.HARRIS CO., InC.


451 Old Somerset Avenue 
North Dighton, Mass. 02764 


Massachusetts Water Quality 

Planning Areas Approved 

The U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency has approved the 
designations of five Massachusetts 
areas as areawide waste treatment 
management planning areas. These 
areas are Berkshire County, 
Martha's Vineyard, Brockton, Cape 
Cod, and Lowell. These designa-
tions are the first in Massachusetts 
under Section 208 of the Federal 
Water Pollution Control Act of 

1972. 

John A. S. McGlennon, Regional 
EPA Administrator, noted that a 
sum of $374,000 in 208 contract 
authority has been reserved for the 
Berkshire program, to be admin-
istered by the Berkshire County 
Regional Planning Commission; 
$216,000 for Martha's Vineyard, to 
be administered by the Martha's 
Vineyard Land and Water Commis-
sion; $350,000 for Cape Cod to be 
administered by the Cape Cod 
Planning and Economic Develop-
ment Commission; $456,000 to 
Lowell, to be administered by the 
Northern Middlesex Area Commis-
sion; and $650,000 to Brockton to 
be administered by the Old Colony 
Planning Council. 

Section 208 of the Federal 

Water Pollution Control Act calls 

upon state governors to designate, 

with EPA guidance, areas within 

their states that have substantial 

water quality problems. The pro-

gram is designed to bring the 

cooperative efforts of state, re


gional, and local officials to bear on 

complex water quality problems. 

One innovative feature of this 

program is that it permits the 

integration of water pollution con-T 

trol projects and other environ-

mental activities such as air quality 

improvement and solid waste man-

agement. The program also permits 

examination of land use and devel-

opment in terms of its environ-
mental implications. 
Mr. McGlennon noted that the 

208 program sets out a two-
pronged approach to solving water 
quality problems-one stresses 
systematic planning to find work-
able solutions, and the other 
stresses follow-up to ensure that 
those solutions are implemented. 

Massachusetts has designated 
four other 208 planning areas, 
which will probably be acted on 
before July 1 of this year. Maine 
has five approved 208 areas, and 
New Hampshire has designated one 
area which is awaiting approval. 

Promising DDT 
Alternatives Found 

The U.S. Forest Service has 
reported discovery of three mater-
ials that have promise as alterna-
tives for DDT in controlling tussock 
moth epidemics, according to the 
Wildlife Management Institute. The 
materials are non-persistent. The 
discovery was among key conclu-
sions reached in a Forest Service 
report recently delivered to the 
Environmental Protection Agency. 

The materials included a chemi-
cal insecticide, carbaryl, and two 

Nl E leAr 

biological agents-a nucleopolyhedrosis 
virus and a bacterium 
called Bacillus thuringiensis.During 
tests, carbaryl, applied at two 
pounds per acre, reduced tussock 
moth populations by 95 to 99 
percent. However, environmental 
effects of the pesticide have not 
been documented. Officials said 
that the biological controls need 
further testing. The B. thuringiensis 

bacterium is not well thought of by 
some forest entomologists as the 
Forest Service report indicates. 

Environmental effects of spraying 
430,000 acres with DDT last 
year to control tussock moths have 
not been documented completely. 
The major effect so far has been the 
contamination of livestock which 
cannot be marketed until having 
been on "clean" feed for four 
months to reduce DDT build-ups. 

EPA Rejects Louisiana 
DDT Request 

Environmental Protection 
Agency Administrator Russell E. 
Train has turned down a request by 
the State of Louisiana for emer-

J^

EIie@vlr 
FEl M 

ROBERT NIEMI 

ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS 

HEAT, LIGHT and POWER WIRING 

* RESIDENTIAL 
cT I1

CO IIVIERCIAL
INDUSTRIAL


TEL. 295-1880
Robert Niemi Pinehurst Dr. Wareham, Mass.



gency permission to use 2.25 mil-
lion pounds of the banned pesticide 
DDT this spring to control an insect 
pest on 450,000 acres of cotton. 
"The quantity requested consti-
tutes approximately 20 percent of 
the toal quantity of DDT used in 
the United States in the year 
preceding cancellation," Train said. 
"The environmental and public 
health risks that would occur from 
the DDT use outweigh the potential 
benefits. The best available evi-
dence indicates that fluctuating 
weather conditions, national over-
planting of cotton, crop subsidy, 
prices, and other economic factors 
have had a greater impact on 
reduced cotton yields in Louisiana 
than the tobacco budworm insect." 

Alternative controls are available 
to Louisiana farmers, according to 
Train. Other pesticides-for ex-
ample, Galecron, EPN, and methyl 
parathion, coupled with proper 
application timing-have been 
shown to be effective and are 
expected to be available in suffi-
cient quantity this year. Farmers in 
the Brazos Valley of Texas and the 
Arkansas Delta have controlled 
budworm problems without DDT 

STATION NOTES-Cont. from 13 
June, particularly those that have a 
new or second brood, they very 
seldom create a problem later in the 

season. 

2) Do not forget to put in the 
flume planks.and impound drainage 
water for 24 hours after using any 
pesticide. Drainage water must be 
held. for seven days after using 
guthion or difolitan. 

3) This is a good time to treat 
brush, poison ivy and brambles on 
the uplands using silvex. It should 
be mixed with water rather than oil 
at this time of year because of 

damage to turf. 

4) Stoddard solvent or stod-
dard-kerosene treatments following 
late water should be completed 
within five days after the flood had 
been withdrawn or within eight 
days if kerosene is used alone. Less 
damage will occur to the vines if 
temperatures are below 65 ° when 
these oils are applied. 

5) Casoron, alanap, Chloro-IPC, 
simazine and morcran should not 
be applied after withdrawal of the 
late water flood as vine and crop 
injury will result. 

6) Many bogs will benefit from 

ially where heavy crops were har


vested. Some bogs that have had 
casoron treatments either last fall 
or this spring may look "hungry" 
and should be fertilized. Don't 
forget to touch up the thin or weak 
spots by going around with a 
bucket of fertilizer and using it. 

7) Get out and walk your bogs, 
you will be surprisedat thenumber 
of little things, both good and bad, 
that you will notice on your 
inspection trips. 

FO ALE 

L 

1 BOG SANDER 

$2995 

* * 
1 COMBINATION
WHEEL-OF F RI G


with


small sanding bin 

$2,100 
Ji D 
6 DiBu7-94 
After 6-Call 947-3051 

521Thomas Street

Middleboro, Mass. 02346 

IC I 

uscing integorated~pest^ 

managemenpt

using integrated pest management an application of fertilizer, especsuch 
as "scouting," and by using 
alternative pesticides, Train added. CRAN RR RO 

The tobacco budworm is a caterpil-ANBERRY GROWERS SERVICE INC 

lar that damages cotton plants by 
feeding upon them. Louisiana cot-
ton accounts for five percent of 
total United States production. 

The Train decision agrees with 
the recommendation of an EPA 
hearing panel that the Louisiana 
request raised no substantial new 
evidence that would warrant ex-
emption from the 1972 ban against 
applying DDT to crops. The panel 
conducted approximately one week 
of informal hearings on the Louisi-
ana request, beginning February 27, 
1975, in Baton Rouge, and ending 
March 5, 1975 in Washington, D.C. 

Louisiana applied for emergency 
use of DDT on January 24, 1975. 
Those presenting views in the 
informal hearings included: the 
Louisiana Congressional delegation; 

Louisiana State University; the U.S. 
Department of Agriculture; the 

Continuedon Page20 

Little Harbor Road, Wareham, Mass. 02571
Ken Beaton -295-2222


The CrsafuliPump 

* DRAINAGE ON PESTICIDE 
TREATED ACREAGE 
. BOG FLOW & DRAINAGE 

*WATERHOLE CONST. 
WATERHOLE FILLING 
*WATER HARVEST 
FLUME REPAIRSANING 
*AUXILIARY UNIT 
The Crisafulli is the new pump 
for drainage or irrigation. The 
pump unit can be hitched to 
a farm tractor or any other 
vehicle with power take-off. 
Butyl rubber discharge, 2" to 
24". 150 to 24,000 gallons 
per minute. 

Service 

Specializing in: 
DITCHING 

*COMPLETE BOG 
MANAGEMENT 

*HARVESING 
a 
NETTING
WEED CLIPPING



FARMING IS EVERYBODY'S
BREAD AND BUTTER


While everyone is yelling about 
the high price of food, no one is 
complaining that there is food to 
eat. The farmer is the prime target 
of the blame. He is the one that 
receives all the abuse. The people 
don't realize the farmer is the 
beginning and the end of the circle 
of production. 

The farmer produces a crop, sells 
it, and then buys new and better 
equipment, a new car or a snow-
mobile. The people are all involved 
in the expenditures of the farmers 
from producing directly on the 
assembly. line, refining oil for gas, 

by BrianSchluckebier 

mining the materials for new mach-
inery, to stringing the power lines 
for the new electrical appliances the 
farmer has bought. 

The multitudes don't compre-
hend the value of the farmer in 
regards to production. An average 
farmer produces enough food for 
himself and 27-35 other people, 
and that is a little fact overlooked 
by most people. The average farmer 
in India produces only enough food 
for his family. This is the reason 
overpopulated countries must im-
port our grain and meats to feed 
the vast numbers of people in their 

So you see, without the beet 
farmers in Reese, the tomato growers 
in California, the wheat producers 
in Kansas, or the corn cash 
croppers in Illinois, the world 
would be in terrible shape. During a 
natural catastrophy, food has to be 
in constant supply to prevent 
epidemics such as cholera or 
typhoid due to lack of nutrition. 
This grave responsibility falls upon 
the farmers of the world. 

In the years ahead the scarcity 
of food will cause the price of food 
to skyrocket while the price of gold 
will tumble. But who can eat gold? 

D & G MACHINE
SERVICE


Fabricating, Welding, 

Precision Machining 

295-0064 

WESTERN PICKERS
Sales & Service


78Gibbs Ave. 

Wareham, Mass. 02571 

-

A A AA

A A ... AL& 

FOR 

cities and villages. 

i4f faia ed 

WISCONSIN CRANBERRY MARSH 

or 

A WORKING PARTNERSHIP 
Confidential 


PHILHELMER 

1060 3rd St. N 
Wisconsin Rapids, Wl 54494 


715-421-0917 

I SALE 
3I *10WESTERN PICKERS 
A CONDTON 
CALL OSCAR NORTON 
617—763-5385 


NIOSH-APPROVED 3M PESTICIDE SYSTEMS SUPPLY CLEAN, 

FILTERED AIR IN CONTAMINATED ENVIRONMENTS 

NIOSH-approved 3M brand Pest-
icide Systems which provide respir-
atory protection and comfort for 
workers who mix, load or spray 
pesticides have been introduced by 
3M Company's Occupational 
Health and Safety Products depart-
ment. 

The systems are the first and 
only powered air purifiers which 
m e e t N I OSH s t an d a r d s 
(TC-23C-78) for respiratory pro-
tection against pesticides. The 
system is designed to protect the 
user against Category I pesticides, 
the most toxic of the four cate-
gories of pesticides as defined by 
the Environmental Protection 
Agency. 

Pesticide vapors are safely fil-
tered out through the 3M systems' 
No. W-2114 Chemical Cartridge. 
Cartridge life is five days; it then is 
easily replaced on site without 
special tools. 

The new vehicle-mount pesticide 
systems have wide application in 
commercial vegetable and fruit 
growing areas. A backpack accessory 
is available for off-vehicle use. 

3M brand Pesticide Systems also 
provide respiratory protection 
against dust, fume and mist contaminants, 
filtering out 99.97 per 
cent of pollutants 0.3 microns or 
larger in diameter. 

Each system is built around the 
3M brand W-2801 Powered Air 
Purifier which contains a vehicle 
mounting place, a vehicle power 
cord, and a filter apparatus composed 
of: (1) an intake screen to 
capture large particles; (2) a centrifugal 
air cleaner to spin off most 
visible particles; (3) a replaceable 
pre-filter pad to remove remaining 
visible particles; (4) a replaceable, 
high-efficiency filter; and (5) a 
chemical absorption cartridge to 
remove pesticide vapors and odors. 

Clean, filtered air is supplied 

cause the worker does not have to 
expand his own energy to breathe 
in air through a filter medium, he 
breathes normally and works more 
comfortably, efficiently and pro-
ductively. 

For added comfort, heating and 
cooling accessories are available, 
providing the worker with control 
over his environment not afforded 
by tight-fitting, negative-pressure 
face-fit respirators. 

Helmets are lightweight (32 oz.), 
with ample room for glasses, hear-
ing protection devices and com-
munications equipment. They are 
equipped with a chemical resistant, 
shoulder-length, vinyl-coated nylon 
outer shroud and cotton polyester 
inner shroud, or with a waist-
length, long-sleeved pesticide shirt, 

-.


or complete head, face and neck

protection. Rugged helmet con


protction a. Rugged helmet co

struction also protects workers 
from branches and other obstacles 
encountered during pesticide applications. 
The clear, liftable face-
shield provides unrestricted visibility. 


Three 3M brand Pesticide Systems 
are available to meet varied 
application needs: the W-262 general 
purpose system; the W-263 
hood/vest system for workers who 
do not need hardhat, visual or facial 
protection; and the W-264 pesticide 
shirt system. All systems include 
3M's vehicle mount powered air 
purifier, W-2801; 72-inch breathing 
tube with safety link, W-5108; and 
belt-to-helmet-or-hood assembly, 
W-9450. 

For further information, contact 
3M Company, Occupational Health 
and Safety Products, Dept. OH5-6, 
Box 33686, St. Paul. Minn. 55133. 

through a breathing tube to the ?:, 
helmet or hood of the wearer at a 
maximum rate of 9.7 cubic feet per 
minute, six times the amount 
needed for normal breathing. Be



Chicken Three Ways With Cranberries 

Of courseyou've heard the expression, "Chicken Every Sunday"-well 

it originatedoverfour centuriesago with KingHenr IV, who benevolently 

exclaimed he hoped "there would not be a peasant so poor in his realm 

who would not have a chicken in his pot every Sunday. " Some many years 

later, an American politicianenlarged this statement to "two chickens for 

everyone's pot... "! 

In any event, whether chicken turns up on yourSunday menu ornot, it 

certainly is a bird that can qualify for a variety ofrecipesalmost any day 

of the week, using its many parts individually. As in Henri the Fourth's 

time-it's an importantfoodfor both theprice conscious and the nutrition 

mindedmenu plannersince it is high in protein, niacinand iron.\ 

Chicken can be cooked in endless ways because its mild flavoring makes 

itan excellent base for varied seasonings andmethods ofpreparation-for 

eitherheartyfamily meals or elegant dinnerparties. 

America's own native cranberry, like the chicken, is extraordinarily 

versatile and offers many varieties to season the prince of poultry in 

different ways, each with a special tasteand look. Herearejust three ways 

whereby the mighty little berry can positively perk up chicken-eachwill 

finda well used cornerin yourrecipe collection. 

For pure delectable elegance, "Cranberry Chicken Kiev" is a superb 

company dinner. In this instance, boneless and skinless chicken breastsare 

used andformed into log shapes. What makes this dish so deliciousis the 

combinationofwhole berry cranberry sauceand raisinswith white wine or 

sherry into a colorful sweet 'n tangy sauce thatis addedin the laststep of 

preparation.Serve your chicken on a platter of saffron rice, along with 

carrots,a crispgreen saladanda bottle of dry white wine. 

"Bacon Berry Stuffed Chicken Thighs" is as good to look at as to eat, 

and you'll find it easy to prepare with great success. After the thighs have 

been boned (simple to do as you'll find in the recipe), they are stuffed 

with a tasteful mixture of cranberry-orange relish, crumbled bread, 

chopped onion and poultry seasoning. When each thigh has been stuffed 

they are wrapped in strips of bacon. These can be cooked eitherby baking 

oron stove-top in a skillet. Either way, you can serve themfrom stove to 

^ 

CRANBERRY CHICKEN KIEV 
Serves 6) 

6 tablespoons butter or margarine, 

6 tablespoons butter or 
softened 
1 tablespoon minced chives 
1 tablespoon mince parsley 

6 bonelss and skinless chicken 

breasts 
Salt and pepper 

egg, well beaten 

Flour 

Dry bread crmbs 
1/2 cup butter or margarine 
package (6 ounces) saffron rice 
1/2 cup dry white or sherry wine 
1 can (8 ounces) whole berry 
cranberry sauce 

bright parsley and 1/4 cupraisinsperhapssome baked tomatoes. 

Forindoors or out, "Chicken Berry BarbecueBake" is a taste tempter tablespoon water 
in any season. In this instance chicken quartersaregiven the spotlight. By In a bowl mix butter, chives and 
combining chopped onion, a bit of garlic, chili sauce, tangy jellied parsley. Shape butter mixture into 

cranberry sauce, and orange juice, the chicken is colorfully coated-and 6 balls. Wrap butter balls and freeze 
succulently seasoned. If you decide to do it on the'grill, simply keep the until hard. Pound chicken breasts 
sauce in a bowl and brush on while the chicken is barbecuing.Serve along to 1/4 inch thickness. Sprinkle 
with corn on-the-cob and a salad of thinly sliced tomatoes and sweet chicken with salt and pepper. Place 
onions with a light oil and vinegar dressing. A pitcherof cranberryjuice 1 ball of butter on each chicken 
cocktail with floating lemon slices mixed with soda will add a thirst breast. Roll up, turn in ends and 

table in their cooking container-simply add some 
1teaspoon cornstarch mixed with 1 

quencher. 

IWANTED" 

ONL)

VINES MASS. 

HOWES ONLY 

CALL 
Roger Correira 


FOR SALE 

WESTERN PICKERS 
Call 


Bob Hiller 

617-866-4788 
617-748-0041 

617-746-9350

617-746-9350 

18—_—--——-—»——--^ 

continue rolling until butter is 
completely covered and chicken is 
the shape of a log. Secure logs with 

toothpicks, if necessary. Dip logs 
into egg and then into flour. Dip 
into egg again and then into 

crumbs. Let logs stand at room 
temperature for 10 minutes to dry. 
Cook rice as label directs. Heat 1/2 
cup butter in a large skillet. Add 
chicken logs and fry quickly until 
brown on all sides. Lower heat and 
cook until chicken is done. Remove 
chicken to a heated platter lined 
with rice and keep warm. Add 
remaining ingredients to drippings 


in skillet. Stir mixture over low 
heat until sauce bubbles and thick-
ens slightly. Spoon sauce over 
chicken logs. 

BACON BERRY STUFFED 
CHICKEN THIGHS 
C

(ServeTHGH 

12 chicken thighs 
Salt and pepper 
1/2 cup cranberry-orange relish 
4 slices white bread, crumbled 
1 small onion, chopped 
1/2 teaspoon poultry seasoning 
12 slices bacon (about 1/2 pound)

1cup chicken broth I

1 cup chicken broth 

With a sharp knife slit thigh on 
underside along the bone, but not 
cutting and piercing the skin. Re-
move bone. Season thighs with salt 
and pepper. In a bowl mix relish, 
bread crumbs, onion and poultry 
seasoning. Use mixture to stuff 
thighs. Wrap each thigh in 1 strip of 

£ I^..~ 


bacon. Place thighs, skin side up, in Salt and pepper
a shallow baking pan, side by side, 1/4 cup butteror margarine
in a single layer. Pour over chicken I large onion, chopped
broth. Bake in a preheated moder-1 clove garlic, minced


ate oven (350 °) for 1 hour or until 1 cup chili sauce 
thighs are tender. Serve garnished 1 can (8 ounces) jellied cranberry 
with parsley, if desired. Thighs may sauce 
also be cooked on top of the range Juice of 1 orange 
in a skillet. Fasten ends of bacon Sprinkle chicken quarters on all 
with toothpicks and brown thighs sides with salt and pepper. Combine 
on all sides in a large skillet. Pour remaining ingredients in a saucepan 

over chicken broth, cover and and beat with a rotary egg beater 
simmer for 1 hour or until thighs until well mixed. Heat until bubbly. 
are tender. Place chicken side by side in a 

single layer, in a foil lined and

X

greased shallow baking pan. Pour 
sauce over chicken quarters. Bake 
in a preheated moderate oven 

CHICKEN BERRY (350 °) for 1 hour or until chicken is 
BARBECUE BAKE tender. Serve hot garnished with 
(Serves 8) parsley, if desired. 

2 chickens, about 2 pounds each, Recipes courtesy of Ocean Spray
quartered Cranberries,Inc.


cranberry

growers!! 

or just $2.50 per acre plus cost of materials applied, I am 
available for the custom application of insecticides and 
fungicides through your sprinkler systems. Compare these 
features: 

f1. No extra charge for fungicide applications when 

combined. 

2. No waiting for fog to lift-also can work in the dark of 
night if necessary. 
3. Spray is released near the crop for the most effective 
results. 
^4. No need to worry about added health insurance of 
employees. 

5. No disposal problems of empty poison containers. 
6. Consideration given to large acreage. 
I am licensed by the Department of Public Health for this 
service. Call BOB ALBERGHINI, Wareham, Mass., at 
295-9092. Leave a message with answering service if I am 
not at home. 


WASHINGTON NOVA SCOTIA DDT 

Continuedfrom Page 1 Continuedfrom Page 7 

to 35.43 inches. This amount is 
more than 10 inches less than 1974 
precipitation recorded at this date. 
The temperature has remained on 
the cool side, with a high of 61 
degrees on the 11th and a low of 29 
degrees on the 21st. There were 10 
days that recorded 32 degrees or 
below in the bog. This extended 
low periods activated sprinkler pro-
tection for frost so that bogs have 
been continually wet, allowinglittle 
time for work on the bogs. Four 
days recorded no precipitation, 
with eight days having only a trace. 
The greatest storm came on the 24 
hour period preceeding the 24th 
with .53 of an inch. Readings are 
taken at 8:00 A.M. each morning. 

WEST GERMANS 

ENFORCE PESTICIDE 

CONTROL LAW 

Continuedfrom Page 10 

For domestically produced 

goods, an attempt is made to locate 

the producer and as much of the lot 

in question as possible. Whatever is 

found of the lot is then returned to 

the producer, with a warning, fine, 

or other penalty. The producer may 

destroy the lot or find some 

alternative use for it that presents 

no hazard to human, animal, or 

plant health. 

In the case of imports, the 

shipment is usually still relatively 

easy to locate. The entire shipment 

or portions of it may be denied 

entry into the country or the 

purchaser may be allowed to find 

alternate uses for it as long as no 

health risks are involved. 

In general, German food law 

enforcement appears to be quite 

efficient and dynamic. There is 

widespread awareness of problems 

and equally widespread interest in 

seeking solutions and improve-

ments. Apart from the basic ques-

The month of April was consid-
erably cooler than average and this 
cool trend continued until the 
second week of May. Following this 
there was a dramatic change and 
conditions were ideal for planting 
andbog operations. 

Since the cranberry meeting in 
East Wareham, there has been an 
increased exchange of information 
and this material has been helpful. 
We wish to thank those who 
contributed. 

Appreciation is extended to all 
cranberry growers for a 100% crop 
report. This excellent response 
makes crop reports very accurate. 

Year: 1974 

Number of Growers: 5 

Acres Harvested: 36.5 

Total Pack-out in Pounds: 90,250 

Average Price: .251 

Three growers reported com-
plete crop losses. These crop losses 
were the result of (1) vandalism on 

the bog whereby flood water was 
released on a frosty night resulting 
in a complete freeze, (2) bog 
frosted due to inadequate sprinkler 
protection and (3) insect damage. 

The five growers who did harvest 
reported lower crops due to insect 
damage, and possibility of oxygen 

deficiency during the winter flood 

which might have caused bud 
injury. 
._ 

this and to solicit suggestions. 

With regard to residue tolerance 
levels, the German people are 
certainly not in favor of any 
relaxation of the strict controls. 

However, many senior officials are 
frankly opposed to such a position 
and to some extent their voices 
seem to be reaching receptive ears. 

Nevertheless, such influential 
sectors as consumers organizations 
may not be sufficiently exposed to 
these voices. Certainly, influence by 

tion of extremely rigorous residue example from authoritative sources 

tolerance levels, the weakest point outside the FRG can help to speed 
in Germany pesticide legislation improvements. 
seems to be in sampling. German 

officials are quite ready to admit Courtesy ForeignAgriculture 

DDT has had a miraculous 
impact on arresting insect-borne 
diseases and increasing grain production 
from fields once ravaged by 
insects. According to the World 
Health Organization, malaria fatalities 
alone dropped from four 
million a year in the 1930s to fewer 
than one million in 1968. Other 
insect-borne diseases such as encephalitis, 
yellow fever, and typhus 
fever, showed similar declines. Surprise 
number five is that it has been 
estimated that 100 million human 
beings who would have died of 
these afflictions are alive today 
because of DDT. Incidentally, recent 
tests indicate that the thinning 
of eggshells may have been caused 
by mercury compounds rather than 

DDT.
Dr. McKetta is a professor of chemical


engineering at the University of Texas at

Ausin. This brief article is from ad-

Austin. This brief article is from an ad


dress he presented in San Francisco to 
members of the American Institute of 
of ChemicalEngineers. 

GRICUTURE 

AGRICULTURE NOTES 

Conuedfrom Page 15 

Health Research Group. the National 
Audubon Society; the Sierra 
Club; Environmental Defense Fund; 
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; 
American Shrimp Canners Association; 
Louisiana Shrimp Association; 
and the National Wildlife Federation. 
"EPA is not insensitive to the 
economic plight of Louisiana cotton 
farmers during the current farm 
cost-price squeeze," Tain said, 

"but we do not believe the use of 
DDT will greatly alleviate these 
problems." 

During the informal Louisiana 
hearings, EPA announced revised 
procedures regarding emergency use 

or registration requests for pesticides 
that were previously taken off 
the market (cancellation or suspen


sion). EPA told the informal hearing 
panel on March 5, 1975, that if 
the EPA Administrator determined 

that such a request raises "substantial 
new evidence" which could 
materially affect a previous suspension 
or cancellation order, 


l _

mservin Ithe WISCoUNIN growers 


CRANBERRY VINES SUBSCRIBE NOW! 

FORFOR SALESALE |Cranberries Magazine is the only magazine

Delivery in 1975 
For Delivery in 1975 devoted exclusively to Cranberry Cuiture.
SEARLES, JUMBO, HOWES


McFARLIN ...... $300/ton Gve a friend or foreman a subscription
BEN LEARS..... 750/ton to 12 exciting issues.
STEVENS....... 1,000/ton
LeMUNYON ..... 1,000/ton Name
PILGRIMS ...... 2,000/ton


All prices F.O.B. Address
Wisconsin


I will give a 10% discount City State Zip 

on any orders placed for [ One Year $5.00 [ ] 2 Years $8.00 
vines next year. 

0-0-0 Mail to: CRANBERRIES MAGAZINE 

Interested in purchasing Wis-P.O. Box J
consin Cranberry Properties. Kingston, Mass. 02364


Vernon Goldsworthy 

B.S. &M.S. __ 
University of Wisconsin
Cranberry Consultant


1

Fees Reasonable e o
Eagle River, Wis. 54521 Apleatsein


L r please MentiS 

YOUn

.

When youAnswerAI e 

WISCONSIN HEADQUARTERS FOR 

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MARSHFIELD WISCONSIN

MARSHFIED P. . BOX 584 MADISON, WISCONSIN 53701 
Area 715 384-3121 Phone: Area Code 608-222-0624 


How city slickers


pick cranberries.


Every year, millions of people who don't know a bog from a 
back forty pick tons of cranberries and never get a blooper. 
They do it the easy way. They just look for the Ocean Spray 

label. On cans and bottles and jars. 
Because to millions of people, Ocean Spray means cranberries. 
In stores all over the country, they're picking more cranberries 

than they ever picked before. In all shapes and forms and combinations. 


They don't know as much about cranberries as cranberry 
growers. But they know about Ocean Spray. And that's good 
enough for them. 


Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page 

Cranberries -The National Cranberry Magazine -link page 
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