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anbelUVrries | CRANBERRIES 

Since 1936 

June 1999 Vol. 63 No. 5 

EQUIPMENT
6 The Sandman's New Season


A gantry system extends the sanding months. 

TRIBUTE 
8 Carl Wendell Johnson, a Grower's Grower


He had boundless enthusiasm for cranberries. 

RESEAR CH 

10 Fruit Rot Studies in Massachusetts, 1998 

by Frank L. Caruso 

Investigation include registered fungicides, compost teas 
and experimental fungicides. 

PEST CONTROL 
14 CONFIRM: A Breakthrough in Caterpillar Control 


by Donald C.Weber 

The first new regular cranberry insecticide in a 
decade debuts for use in all regions this season. 

RESEARCH 
16 1999 Projects Address Immediate and Long-term Needs 

by Gary Deziel 

Some of agriculture's best scientists are in our camp. 
Here is what they are up to. 

Nova Scotia
25 A Joint Adventure in the Atlantic Provinces 


CORPORATE 
26 Northland Segues into Dilute Juice Blends 
29 Decas Cranberry Products Adds Sales Manager 


Cover: Blossoms on Stevens vines grown by John Shurtleff of 
Middleboro, Mass. promise a fabulous crop. 

(Cranberries photo.) 

P.O. Box 190
ROCHESTER, MA 02770-0190
Editor & Publisher 

Carolyn C.Gilmore 

Tel: (508) 763-8080 

Fax: (508) 763-4141 

e-mail: 

cranberries @mediaone.net 

CONSULTANTS
Massachusetts


Dr. Thomas Bewick, Director
Cranberry Experiment Station,
East Wareham


New Jersey
Dr. Nicholi Vorsa, Director, Blueberry/
Cranberry Research Center, Chatsworth


o

Oregon 

Arthur Poole, Coos Co.
Extension Agent, Coquille


Washington 

Dr. Kim Patten, Associate Horticulturist,

Coastal Washington Research &
Extension, Long Beach


Wisconsin 

Tod Planer, Wood Co. Ag. Agent;
Teryl Roper, UWEX, Madison


orresondents 

Patricia Carroll, Corvallis, OR
Suzen Ziegahn, Wisc. Rapids, Wi


CRANBERRIES, (USPS No. 136-620) is

11 times annually (onthly, 

a combined Dec./Jan. issue) by Carolyn C. 
Gilmore, at 670 Neck Rd., Rochester, MA 
02770. Periodicals Postage is paid at the 
Rochester, MA Post Office and additional offices. 
Price is$25 a year; $45 for two years, 
$3 a copy; $30US a year in Canada payable 

RANpublished except 

on a US draft; $35US on a US draft per year

in all countries.o Back copies: $3.50.

ther

in all other countries. Back copies: $3.50. 
Copyright 1998 by Cranberries. 

ISSN: 0011-0787
Postmaster, send form 3749 to:
Cranberries, P.O. Box 190
Rochester, MA 02770-0190



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The Sandman's New Season


've: eX ....... 

Middleboro, Mass. -No one was 
more surprised than grower Peter 
Pi!,iI ":~i : Paquin

.... himself that his 160 foot 
gantry sander works as well as it does. 

With the kind of spreader used on 
highway sanders, traveling along a 
gantry track by a system of cables, he 
found a way to extend the sanding 
season to over five months long -post 
harvest through December and 
February through April. 

Inspired by Atoka Cranberries in 
Quebec, this bridge sander was an on 
and off project for Paquin for about 
five years. When he finally finished it 
and tried it out, the results amazed 

him. This season the sander covered 
".~~'f~{ about 100 acres of bog with 100-110 
.... yards per acre. He moved it along five 

Photos, top. Peter 

Paquin, left, and his 
son, Barry, find their 
new home built 
sander gives them : 
months of sanding ...' : -. 

time. · 'i-

Bottom, Paquin's . 
sander casts sand as. 
it is being loaded. A 
system of pulleys 
lifts the gantry and 

... 

its legs off the bog
when it is time to


move ahead. The


long extension is ..
counterbalanced by ..
nine tons at the
loading end.
(Cranberriesphotos.) =':~. 


page 6 June 1999 Cranberries 


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Carl Wendell Johnson, a Grower's Grower


He gave his communitya legacy of 
horticulturalwisdom. 

South Carver, MA -Most ei. oso' He had an affinity for 
growers in South Carver, this younger generatins, and took 
"cranberry capital" town of .itime and interest with those 
Massachusetts, had never ... coming up through the ranks 
known a frost season beforet in the cranberry community. 
this year that Carl Wendell South Carver grower, Gary 
Johnson was not on the bogs. Garretson recalled learning 
Hi bogs sand many others. from the master in the early 

grower relationsmdepar a lif 1980s. "Carl was doing most

etable and flowerygardensan usngearl

This remarkableman,tment.a life With etime'seexperience ~in. o watas, dnandtook 

long grower and horticulturist, of the horticultural guidance 
had boundless enthusiasm for on the bogs at the time and I 
growing cranberries, and attached myself to him so I 

mentored many area growers could learn as much as I could 

while caring for hundreds of about the nature of my 
acres right into his 85th year. grandfather's bogs," he said. 
Many regarded him as essen-"Nothing like being out for a 
tial to the South Carver cran-] few frost nights and then put-
berry community right up un-ting on sprays for the next few 
til the time of his death on and then working all day to 
March 20th this year. prove your mettle with this 

"Even at 85 he was always gii_ a1, a 
" on wase s ad keeping up with this man who

willing to try something new man. I honsty had-troubl

the ays 
on the bog," said Nancy Kai-Carl Wendell Johnson, with booms ready to move to the was 35 years my senor. 

onptheabg ,"e8aid Nancy Kai-next bog during the 1998 harvest. 

ser, Johnson's niece, who is a nextbogduring the 1998 harvest. A lifelong farmer, Johnson 
supervisor in Ocean Spray's also lovingly tended his veg-
grower relations department. With a lifetime's experience in etable and flower gardens and raised farm animals. He had an 
growing cranberries, he still tried new varieties, embraced IPM uncanny ability to grow zinnias with blooms up to eight inches 
and experimented with cultural practices. across. "He made it look so easy," Garretson said. "He was al-

He had been married to Elsie (Carlson) Johnson for 58 ways fussing with some new concoction that would get them 
years. Born in South Carver, the son of the late Alex and Hulda to be bigger and better just like he would his cranberries." 

Maria Narhe Johnson, he lived in the same house all his life. His two oldest sons, David and Douglas, have followed in 
He was educated in the Carver schools. his footsteps to also become cranberry growers. 
Johnson was an Ocean Spray member and served on the He was buried in the Centre Cemetery, Wareham, Mass. 

advisory committee, plus he was a member of the Cape Cod Memorial donations may be sent to Jordon Hospital, 275 
Cranberry Growers' Association. He was also one of the char-Sandwich St., Plymouth, MA 02360 or American Cancer Soter 
members of the Carver Sportsmen's Club, and a life mem-ciety, 1115 W. Chestnut St., Suite 302, Brockton, MA 02401. 
ber of the Middleboro Elks. He was a member of the United O' 
Parish of Carver. 

page8 June 1999 Cranberries 


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Fruit Rot Studies in Massachusetts, 1998


by Frank L.Caruso
Cranberry Experiment Station
University of Massachusetts, East Wareham


rT he following studies performed during the 1998 Screen of presently registered fungicides 

growing season will be discussed in this article: (1) and compost teas 

Screen of presently registered fungicides and compost The registrants of the chlorothalonil formulations (Bravo 
teas, and (2) Screen of experimental fungicides. Materials ex-Weatherstik and Terranil 6L in this study) are considering lowamined 
in the latter study were part of the National Fungicide ering the maximum rate of the fungicide because of the "risk 
Screening Program coordinated by Gary Deziel at the Cran-cup" concept in relation to the Food Quality Protection Act. 
berry Institute wherein some of the materials were also tested Consequently, these two formulations were examined at the 
in New Jersey, Wisconsin and Washington. The data presented 5.5 pints/acre rate as well as the minimum rate of 4 pints/acre. 
here and their conclusions are most appropriate for Massa-The spreader-sticker Plex was included with the 4 pint rate of 

chusetts and New Jersey where fruit rot is a problem every Terranil 6L. Other registered fungicides examined included 
year and where the fungal pathogens are very similar. How-Kocide 2000, Manex II and Mankocide. Also, a schedule of Bravo 
ever, the results and 
conclusions may also be Table 1.Study ofregistered fungicidesand compost teas -fruitset and rot -1998. 

useful to a certain degree 
in other growing ar-Treatment/rate Fruit set August Harvest Eight week 
eas where fruit rot has field rot field rot storage rot 

increased in its incidence 
during the past Bravo Weatherstik-4 pt 58.0 a 5.4 de 13.1 de 5.8 b 
two years. Terranil 6L -4 pt 53.0 a 5.6 de 13.7 cde 6.4 b 

Fungicides that are 

egistered agaist fruit Terranil 6L + Plex -4 pt/.125% 54.4 a 6.1 de 10.6 de 5.7 b 

registered against fruit 
rot are designated by Bravo Weatherstik-5.5 pt 54.0 a 5.9 de 5.6 e 4.2 b 

their trade names. Un-Terranil 6L -5.5 pt 55.3 a 3.8 e 5.9 e 4.8 b 
registered materials are Kocide 2000-6 lb 53.6 a 25.5 c 66.8 b 12.1 ab 
referred to as a particu-Manex II -3.6 qt 58.2 a 6.2 de 18.7 cde 7.4 b 
lar product. No endorse-Mankocide -10.67 lb 53.9 a 11.8 d 21.7 cd 7.2 b 
ment of any of the reg-Bravo Weatherstik -5.5 pt 54.0 a 10.5 d 24.8 c 10.2 ab 

istered materials is im--3

Manex II-3.6 qt

plied by the discussion Kocde 2000 -6 lb 

of the results. All rates 

are expressed as product Cranberry/horse manure 

(not active ingredient) compost tea 53.9 a 38.2 b 65.2 b 14.9 ab 

per acre. Anyone who UMass cafeteria feedstock 

desires further informa-compost tea 58.2 a 44.2 ab 81.9 a 14.3 ab 

tion ordetails on the tri-Untreatedcontrol 60.5 a 54.4 a 85.7 a 16.7 a 

als should contact the _ 

author. Means followed by a different letter are significantly different, Student-Newman-Keuls Test, p=0.05 
page 10 June 1999 Cranberries 


Weatherstik, Manex II and Kocide 2000 was investigated, 

In late April, I attended a week-long Compost School at 
the University of Maine, where I learned about all aspects of 
compost and its benefits. One of the most interesting things I 
learned about was compost teas and their use in the control of 
certain plant diseases. A compost tea is essentially a water 
extract of nearly mature compost that includes organic acids 
and phenolic compounds from the plant materials plus antibiotics 
produced by many of the microorganisms involved in the 
breakdown of the organic material. These chemicals are sup-
pressive to the fungus Phytophthorainfestans which causes late 
blight in potato, and the soil-borne fungi Fusarium, Pythium, 
and Rhizoctonia which cause root rot of numerous plants. Be-
cause foliar applications significantly reduced the incidence 
of potato late blight, I thought it was worth trying out com-
post teas for the control of fruit rot. 

Two composts were obtained for the study. Compost was 
obtained from piles maintained Decas Cranberries that con-
sist of cranberry leaf and fruit trash from both individual bog 

water harvest operations and from the two receiving stations 
(dry and water harvest deliveries) plus horse stable bedding 
(manure and hay). Compost was also obtained from piles main-
tained by the Physical Plant at the University of Massachu-
setts, Amherst that consisted of refuse from the cafeterias on 
campus plus other materials. The teas were made by steeping 
one gallon of the compost in four gallons water for one week, 
mixing daily, and filtering them through several layers of 
cheesecloth prior to their use. These teas were applied on the 

same schedule as the other fungicides. 

Plots were established in the cultivar Early Black in one of 
the sections of State Bog. Three sprays of each material were 
applied on: 

JUNE 6 (8% BLOOM) 

JUNE 17 (70% BLOOM, 5% FRUIT SET) 

JUNE 29 (100% BLOOM, 50% FRUIT SET) 

Each treatment was replicated eight times in a randomized 
complete block design in 25 ft2 plots. Sprays were applied using 
a CO2 backpack sprayer with one flat fan nozzle at a pressure 
of 40 psi. The compost teas were applied using a Solo 
backpack sprayer with a similar nozzle at a pressure of 30 psi. 
A preliminary assessment of field rot and fruit set was performed 
on August 20 by selecting 20 uprights per replicate 
and counting the number of pedicels, the number of fruit, and 
the number of rotted fruit. 

Berries were hand-picked from a 4 ft2 area in the center of 
each replicate on September 8-10, counted and evaluated for 
the presence or absence of field rot at five days after harvest. 
Sound berries were sorted and stored at 38"F for eight weeks. 
Standard cup counts and 100 berries were weighed to determine 
whether the treatments had any effect on berry size. Separate 
samples were taken for color analysis to determine whether 
any treatments had a deleterious effect on anthocyanin production. 
After eight weeks, berries were evaluated for storage 
rot by sorting out rot a second time. The data are shown in 
Tables 1 and 2. 

Bravo Weatherstik and Terranil 

Table 2. Study ofregistered fungicidesand compostteas -6L were compared for their efficacy 
berry at the lowest registered rate (4 pt)

size and weight -1998 

and the rate (5.5 pt) commonly 
Treatment/ra Mean cupWeightused by growers. Both 

Treatment/rate 

Bravo Weatherstik -4 pt 
Terranil 6L -4 pt113.0

-pt 

Terranil 6 L + Plex -4 pt/.125% 
Bravo Weatherstik -5.5 pt 
Terranil 6L -5.5 pt 
Kocide 2000-6 lb 
Manex II -3.6 qt 
Mankocide -10.67 lb 
Bravo Weatherstik -5.5 pt 
Manex II -3.6 qt 

Kocide 2000 -6 lb ~~~~~Koci~~~~~~~de 2000-~6 l~bcontrol of both field rot and stor-
Cranberry/horse manure 109.7 b 85.7 ab 0.87 ab cro bt i t a sto 

age rot, but it was inferior to the 
compost tea two chlorothalonil fungicides. Poor 
UMass cafeteria feedstock 113.7 b 74.5 c 0.75 c control of both rots resulted when 
compost tea Kocide 2000 was utilized; this fun-

Untreated control 134.0 a 80.2 be 0.80 be gicide should not be used as the sole 
fungicide where fruit rot incidence 

Means followed by a different letter are significantly different, Student-Newman-Keuls Test, p=0.05 is histocally high in a particular 

Cranberries June 1999 page 11 

Mean cup Weight (g) Mean berry chlorothalonil formulations afcount 
100 berries weight (g) forded excellent control of both 
field rot and storage rot at the 5.5 

114.7 ab 91.4 a 0.91 a pt rate. Field rot incidence in-
b 92.5 a 0.93 a creased when the rate was reduced
113.0 b 92.5 a 0.93 a 
107.6 b 95.0 a 0.95 a to 4 pt, but storage rot incidence 
only increased slightly. The addi


115.2 ab 90.9 a 0.91 a er Plex to
tion of the spreader-sticker Plex to 

114.6 ab 91.2 a 0.91 a Terranil resulted in a slightly re127.1 
ab 81.5 ab 0.82 ab duced incidence of field rot. This 
116.7 ab 90.4 ab 0.90 ab further supports previous work that 
122.0 ab 89.3 ab 0.89 ab indicates that these additives are 
122.7 ab 87.3 ab 0.87 ab probably not needed with the 
chlorothalonil fungicides. Manex II 
and Mankocide gave acceptable 


bed. The Bravo/ Table 3. Study of experimental fungicides-fruit set and rot -1998 

i

Manex/Kocide fungi-
Fruit set August Harvest Eightweekcide schedule did not Treatment/rate/%/ bloom 

rot

rot field rot storagfield

result in acceptableield 
rot control, probably 
because the third fun-Product A -4 oz (15%) 58.3 a 6.8 ab 33.3 d 12.2 b 

gicide was Kocide and Product A + Latron B1956 -4 oz (15%) 56.2 a 8.5 ab 25.4 cd 9.3 b 
infections during the Product B-0.3 lb (15%) 58.3 a 10.1 b 30.9 d 10.5 b 
latter portion of Product B + Latron B1956 -0.3 lb (15%) 60.2 a 14.4 b 34.2 d 11.2 b 

abloom in Product C 


bloom resulted in el-12.8 oz (15%) 59.7 a 7.0 ab 11.7 bc 5.9 ab 
evated levels of rot in Product C + Latron B1956 -12.8 oz (15%) 58.8 a 10.3 b 10.2 b 6.7 ab 

the field and in stor-
Product C + Latron B1956-12.8 oz (40%) 59.3a 8.6ab 12.0bc 5.6ab 

age. The compost tea 
from the UMass caf-Product C + Latron B1956 -12.8 oz (60%)1 57.2 a 11.2 b 8.7 ab 5.5 ab 
eterias had no appre-Untreated control 56.8 a 43.9 c 77.1 e 18.4 c 

ciable effect on either 
rot. However, the Means followed by a different letter are significantly different, Student-Newman-Keuls Test, p=0.05 

compost tea from the 
cranberry/horse manure signifi-Table 4. Study of experimental fungicides-berry size and weight -1998 
cantly reduced field rot compared 
to the other compost tea Treatment/rate/% bloom Mean cup Weight Mean berry 
and the untreated control. It count 100 berries weight (g) 
certainly did not result in acceptable 
rot control. However, Product A-4 oz (15%) 106.3 ab 95.5 ab 0.96 ab 
the compost piles had not been Product A + Latron B1956 -4 oz (15%) 103.1 b 98.8 a 0.99 a 
turned on a regular basis and Product B -0.3 lb (15%) 110.4 ab 93.4 ab 0.93 ab 

consequently, the cranberry | Product B + Latron B1956 -0.3 lb (15%) 111.7 ab 92.0 b 0.92 b 

compost was probably not at the Product. C -12.8 oz (15%) 106.3 ab 95.3 ab 0.95 ab 
maturity necessary for the best 12.8 oz (15%) 114.4 a 92.1 b 0.92 b

maturity necessary for the best Product C + Latron B1956 


There were no deleterious Product C + Latron B1956 -12.8 oz (40%) 108.0 ab 94.2 ab 0.94 ab 

effects by any of the treatments Product C + Latron B1956 -12.8 oz (60%) 106.8 ab 94.7 ab 0.95 ab 
on fruit set, berry size, or berry Untreated control 114.3 a 84.3 c 0.84 c 
weight. Three applications of 

Manex II significantly reduced Means followed by a different letter are significantly different, Student-Newman-Keuls Test, p=0.05 
the color of berries (data not 
shown) compared to the other 
treatments. Surprisingly, both Bravo and Terranil also had a (1) JUNE (15% BLOOM), JUNE 19 (80% BLOOM, 10% 

deleterious effect on color development. This effect has never FRUIT SET), AND JULY 1 (100% BLOOM, 65% FRUIT SET)
been observed for the chlorothaloni-fungicides. (2) JUNE 12 (40% BLOOM), JUNE 22 (90% BLOOM,


15% FRUIT SET), AND JULY 2 (100% BLOOM, 
Screen of experimental fungicides 70% FRUIT SET) 
These trials were conducted in plots that were adjacent to J 25 (9% BLOOM, 25% 
the first study (Early Black). Plots were established in similar (3) ( 160% ), JUNE 2 BLOOM, SET)

JNE L (% 
fashion to the other study. Product A showed good potential


in the 1997 trials; it was reported as Product #2 (Cranberries, Materials were applied similarly to the other study. A pre-
June 1998 issue). Product C did not perform as well in the l a evaluation of fie d fruit set was performed on 
1997 trials, but it was suspected that it would perform better liminary evaluation d on September 7-21 and

of fiel 
in the presence of an adjuvant (reported as Product #3 in the A 1 uguserres as descried previousl. The dat wn

were a 

above art. all procedures were as described previously. The data are shown 
above article). Product B is in the same chemical group as . 
Product C; both of these materials were tested with and with-Regardless of the timing of the first application, the best 

out the addition of an adjuvant. The adjuvant used in all treat-rlof both field and storage rot were obtained by the Prodments 
was Latron B,1956 at a concentration of 0.06%. Prod-control of both field and storage rot were obtained by the Prodments 
was cpLatron B1956 at a concentration te 0.06f . Prod-uct C treatments. It performed better than Product B of simiuct 
C was compared on three schedules with the first applica-lar chemistry and Product A that did not fare as well as it did 

tion at either 15% (utilized also for Products A and B),. . 40%1 Iin 1997. The addition of the

' l ado P odc adjuvant did not enhance the 
or 6 0%. The three schedules employed were: 

page 12 June 1999 Cranberries 


efficacy of any of the three materials. Interestingly, 
the best fruit rot control was 
achieved by the application of Product 
C initially at 60% bloom (although not 
statistically significant). Berries treated 

with Product the largest, heavi-

A were 

est and had the best color (data not 
shown), although not statistically differ-
ent from the other treatments. There 
were no deleterious effects caused by any 
of the treatments. Research will likely be 

continued with both Products A and C 
in 1999. 

Acknowledgments 

These trials could not have been con-
ducted without financial assistance from 
Griffin Corporation, Rohm & Haas Com-
pany, Terra, and Zeneca Ag Products. I wish 
to thank Jane Mika, Peter Larsen, and Kate 
Muldoon for their assistance throughout 
the various phases of the research, David 

Nolte (Decas Cranberries, Inc.) and Dr. 
Steven Goodwin (Department of Micro-
biology, UMass, Amherst) for the corn-
posts, and Gary Deziel (Cranberry Insti-
tute) for his coordination of the national 
cranberry fungicide screening project. 

AA 
DA RL 

JI i 

/l 

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I l 
1wl~0l% 

V 4 l 

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Cranberries June 1999 page 13 


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CONFIRM:


A Breakthrough inCaterpillar Control


by Donald C. Weber 
Agricultural Science Group 
Ocean Spray Cranberries 

The first new regular US cranberry insecticide registration 
in ten years has been granted by the US federal EPA to 
tebufenozide (Confirm®2F), a selective insect growth regula-
tor with broad activity against lepidopteran pests. The com-
pound is a reduced-risk biorational safe for bees, birds, and 
fish, as well as handlers. The registrant, Rohm & Haas, will be 
issuing a label for rapid registration in the various cranberry-
growing states. 

This new registration represents the fruit of the cranberry 
industry's pursuit of reduced-risk registration, and a real off-
the-shelf technology for growers to use in 1999, at only slightly 
higher cost per acre than conventional insecticides. Partners 
in this effort include growers associations, Ocean Spray, the 
Cranberry Institute, Rutgers University, Washington State 
University, University of Massachusetts, Rohm & Haas, and 

the IR4 project. 

Analytic work as well as field trials for the Pacific North-
west region were performed in Canada, in support of both US 
and Canadian registrations of Confirm. Registration is now 
pending in Canadian cranberries with an URMULE (User-
Requested Minor-use Label Extension) request submitted by 
the Pacific Agricultural Research Centre of Agriculture and 

Agri-Food Canada in Agassiz, British Columbia, to the Pest 
Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) in Ottawa. At a 
recent meeting in Ottawa, Minor Use Coordinator Douglas 
Rothwell expressed optimism that the URMULE would re-
ceive rapid review, 

Tebufenozide, the active ingredient of Confirm®2F,mim-
ics the action of the natural insect hormone 20-
hydroxyecdysone, the physiological inducer of the molting and 
metamorphosis process in insects. Tebufenozide is an IGR insect 
growth regulator -because it regulates the molting pro-
cess. More specifically, it is a MAC -molt accelerating com-
pound. Tebufenozide controls lepidopterous larvae through a 
novel mode-of-action by the induction of a premature lethal molt 
which initiates within hours of ingestion of treated crop surfaces. 

The activity is primarily through ingestion, so that toxicity 
is dependent on the feeding behavior of the target pest, 
and thorough coverage of the treated plants. Unlike some 
Bt's, which are also stomach poisons, tebufenozide is more persistent 
on foliage, as long as it is allowed to dry on before rain 

or irrigation. When caterpillars ingest tebufenozide, actual 
death will take several days to occur although feeding by the 
insects generally ceases within 24 hours of ingestion. 

Tebufenozide is highly active against most lepidopterous 
larvae while having practically no activity at typical use-rates 
against other orders of insects. This selectivity allows for the 
conservation of beneficial and predatory insects which is a key 

element in suppression of most cranberry pests. 

Confirm performance has been excellent in several field 
trials against blackheaded fireworm. Sparganothislarvae are also 
very sensitive, although in the post-bloom fruit-feeding generation, 
growers and researchers are planning trials to determine 
optimum timing. 

The cutworm picture is promising, too. New Jersey aerial 
field trials against blossomworm and false armyworm, by Dan 
Schiffhauer of Ocean Spray and Sridhar Polavarapu of Rutgers, 
showed a drastic post-treatment decrease in both species. The 
material is effective on at least some spanworms, but more 
work is needed here. Gypsy moth is very susceptible, as shown 
by years of work in forestry. 

Confirm may or may not turn out to be a useful tool to 
manage cranberry fruitworm, because of the lack of contact 
activity. Except with blackheaded fireworm, more experience 
is needed with Confirm chemigation applications to define 
the efficacy of this application method. 

Despite some gaps in the efficacy picture, the proven efficacy 
of Confirm against several key lepidoptera should give it 
an important role in cranberry insect management in all regions. 
Growers are eager to put this breakthrough material to 
work, while researchers continue to test additional reduced-
risk tactics. t 

Cranberries June 1999 page 15 


1999 Projects Address Immediate and
Long-term Needs


by Gary Deziel, Manager
Research and Communication, Cranberry Institute


Commodity shines in research support 

When you scan the list of research projects in the follow-
ing pages, what strikes you first? The number of projects? The 
range of topics? The number of sponsoring organizations? All 

of the above? 

Cranberry is a minor star in the North American agricul-
tural universe by most measures (compared to corn, wheat and 
soybean, for instance, which are planted on nearly three-hun-
dred million acres in the U.S. and Canada). But cranberry 
growers, handlers and associations outshine most commodi-
ties when it comes to supporting agricultural research. 

The Wisconsin Cranberry Board (WCB), fueled by a 10 
cent per barrel check-off and burgeoning production figures, 
is the biggest player in the commodity-based funding picture. 
The WCB funded twenty-five 1999 research projects to the 
tune of $233,000. Although lower in total funding, associa-

tions and councils in New Jersey, British Columbia and Quebec 
also contribute at per-barrel levels similar to their Wisconsin 
brethren. Massachusetts, Oregon and Washington State all 

have active research programs as well. 

On the industry side of the ledger, Ocean Spray Cranber-
ries, Inc. is a very significant research sponsor. Ocean Spray's 
Outside Research Grant Program, which is coordinated with 
ongoing in-house research and development, has funded more 
than thirty projects for the 1999 field season. 

The Cranberry Institute, supported by eight Supporting 
Members', continues to focus on reduced-risk pesticide evalu-
ation and registration, pheromone-mediated mating disrup-
tion of Sparganothis fruitworm and blackheaded fireworm, and 
biological control of pests. CI funding for 1999 is set at 
$159,800. 

Scientists make support work 

The commodity is also fortunate to have some of 
agriculture's best scientists in our camp. We have men and 
women working in concert with growers to crack the hardest 

nuts in cranberry production. There are researchers who are 
working on immediate commodity needs -such as conducting 
IR-4 residue trials to begin pesticide registration of new products. 
There are some working on mid-term needs -such as 
implementation of new insect control strategies, including 
pheromone-mediated mating disruption and biorational pesticides. 
And then there are others conducting experiments 

which poke at the edge of cranberry knowledge -including 
geographic information systems and varietal improvement. 

Many researchers have been very successful at receiving 
grant money from outside the commodity (see insert). These 
grants can be very competitive. They also tend to be in healthy 
portions and support long-term goals of sustainability. And bottom 
line -the grants make grower money go further. 

Funding agencies act in coordination 

All told Cranberry associations, councils and foundations 
provide approximately $400,000 for research. Ocean Spray and 
the Cranberry Institute funds, when combined, nearly match 
that amount. All that hard-earned cash is spent on high-pri


ority research topics set by growers through committees like 
the Institute's Environmental Research Committee, the Wisconsin 
Cranberry Board and CCCGA's Research Committee. 

Research coordination, therefore, is very important -particularly 
to growers who want to be assured that no duplication 
is occurring between regions. Every penny is impor


tant. This past winter an effort to better coordinate the research 
funding decision -making process was made by all the 
major funding organizations. While CI acted as the clearing 
house for research proposal information, proposal coordination 
could not have been done without the leadership provided 
by Joseph DeVerna, Ocean Spray Agricultural Research, 
Tom Lochner, WSGCA/Wisconsin Cranberry Board, Jeff 
LaFleur, Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association and oth


ers across the U.S. and Canada. 

Supporting members are: Les Canneberges Atoka, Inc., Cliffstar Corporation, Decas Cranberry Sales, Inc., Eagle River Cranberry 
Handlers, Hiller Cranberry Sales, Inc., Northland Cranberries, Inc., Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc., and Oregon Cranberry Co. 

page 16 June 1999 Cranberries 


orted~~by marks..r~esearche.~~ such.~ Dr.A~sampling~~fr~.chides.Mic.r..

corn-

I :~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Outs~~~~~~of ing GreasesrcCrommodity'ls rhuned

istdabevain 

fol 

ES. Ltd. ESC~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Cropconsult 

Masahset.Dprten f od..grcutre... MF 

Oregon Assocatio.OCG

Cranberry Gr~~~~~~~~~~~~~aplitowers'..

Ou~~~~~~~~~becGrowers ..... QCGA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.....

Association

Cranberry 

..

ScienceColumbiaofBritish .......... SCBC~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...


Council 
United Departmentof Agriculture/Cooperative State Research Education & Extension ....Service USDA-CSREES~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....


States 
ofMassachusetts UMD~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~......


University -Dartmouth Agod&Agiculture,.h Wah tV ot'd^oucsS

cnrbtosicdefdrl. rst .fMassac~husetts.rofatmno UW-PURR~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....

Universityof Pesticide Use Risk Reduction Project

Wisconsin . 

.USA.usaialeAgicltreReerc.&Edcaio.SR

.. 

:'^''. ' -^ un mg-rga ^ '-^ ;'-^^---;-'-^^ '-^ -. -^-.-Abbrevviiao t

iztio ^-'^ ':'! " -^!:l-~y^^:l:-ion'':^ 

Stat Comsin. nPsiid.eitato.SP
WashingtonCranberry WSCC~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....................


Washington~~~~~~~~~~~... 

State

Commission 

....

WisconsinBoard WCB~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.......


BC rabery:'Grwes'Association BCCGA-i' Jne199 ag 1

.... .. 
Cranberry~~~Canerie . .3 
:. ^^^ 
CGA Funding

f Cape ap-er ............Association an. of the


Coa u.Itrowers' rC t 
proximatClean! $800C00nb cationsultsng efio ated mating disru pro-ifron:thesesouces ofcourse: 

remsub dif echnique AtocasQuebec which ha.ye

wedntment T pestiCidAQs 
t c C$26.ry Bird Banding Project iyear dor comerciapote


ran berry 

scie(.ns hranberry in ng a. g s f i Pov ca ns fd Ma"crane'rryre
.': Cropconsult:.' ' Ltd.'-E.S.-ESC .. -—^..\.,^-'-'^;:—;j;:;.
Institut de


Recherche etoDeveloppement en Agroen-ironnement (Quebec) IexA
er registration


Interregional Research Project 4Numb(minor pesticide crop in the US) eR-4
Massachu CranberryResearchse tts Foundation -CRF


nal

Nat io Science and Engineering Research Council (Canada) NSERC 

Ocean Spray Cranberries, Inc. iOSCi' ^ 
a re gon f CGhtA


Cranberry Growers'Associathon 
. uebecnCranberryeGrowersAssociation a QeA. yrla a
SciencerC o unctl iS.e


of BritishtColumbia 
.workUniteoSterms.highepr-.en. mAnagculte/Coopentaswe RedearctihnProd.catihousExdate side th~ aIUSDA-CSREES
University of Massachusetts -Dartmouth UMD
University of Wisconsin UW-PURR


Pesticide Use Risk Reduction Project 
USDAiSusta inable Agr iculture


Research Education SAyEg 
Washington State Commission on Pesticide Registration WSCPR
Washingt on WSCC


State Cranberry Commission 
WisconsinCranberry Board


AssoiatonWCC 

-: -:C manberry C page17l

Cra:;! ' .: ':: -': "' : : : ^: ' --' -.::: ; ': : ' June 1999 


I

IIi 

I--l~~iiiil1-11-11 1'll-llllll~. 13!l :.i' -: I:I I::I 

-I-lli~liilliiiiiilll-lil'I.-Ill::I

-I.~''Iff l !^: . ' : 

llii NamelAffiliationlPoiecItI TitleFundedIb 

I I ::·t:r~

--ll l...ll."I..-IIIIlegion-SARE^. ll ]..;l'1?. 3-;ef :..III-.: 

IC :.I&.,I. J: ::~I: :::. I

Annejl ill.: .I.. : ~:: , II: I I I~II~B. :] OCGA

:::~l:...-I :.I11"~"~l III. ~~. , ~ I angemntlf ranerr Wevi · :B: Cl&l

Drl.lli Averilllill UlsslmhritliBolgylnd 

l:le I I -—1,I I:;,I -r--II


''. 11.-l.Ifl~I :-eIsev I C^G IIS03&.^Sp 

Connillj~li~llibslandiBlueberrylandiCranberr

ieil Stui!lillB 

^l~ I,-13ll u~tog I I -^i^:I^' ' '^~:"!X^-3I^.~'~:^~ I. .. -"I -II-"^ -1 ''~~~.~I

-'^l~fl-^^^'P 

llll~~lliil~~liliil~oflBlakheaded Fireormin Britis Columbia OS

!l tlnk: ~: : nle—::A M n and Bioonro of Micoi ^I'^llU::l'-

II-llr ~nac Improvin i others 

I -gO...~i: ) I 

I !~i' .. ::s·~a~:~ ::,.I ~ . :mi : :.--i .:Il · tin l:t~: .11I~.
~is:: Cl, WCI ~~~ I I

.1.I .Dr1. Da... MahrI I U-MaIso . * Implementation~ of:Mating Dirpion of Blackheaded ~ OSCI,~ USDA: II 
Ms.ISIel lee & ES En g l HI ::i BO ACECR&OSC3


Dtll~lr. ESC______Impllementlin.Biological__Control___of._Blackheaded_______CGA __&'::"-BC

DeborahHenderson 

e:t:ci~ -:: ~·Bt IIIeIIa:i:s-&~nsiIIIn 
I ~ : 
s 
.. 
E~. .1o:I 

..I II -II1. 

1,I · :::~:: i : P :. II:::

I.1. :.-1.IIII: I1III.ri]: v~: r : :-N:o:: l--I 
on. BartonMatsuoto~ass-— Grwe Gan

~1.s OrganticCranberryBogserrylitworm

II-II.1, .I. III I-a:-P 1.111 j 1,:R u:] 1:lILIIf. IIsto.I .I. ...eI: I . I.II p aiI IPo -N: J. : .I I I I I : 

: tor.for Cranerry (NJSUIi Scoia

IDr.:x::~::: : I-II: .. I-~:oi-na -an an

Dr. Kenin Mac.renzrIe AMi a Pathogens ofI Pests AAFBCCAIn 

& Ms. Mi WC CQPA ofiseldon Ari .y USC ..

t~ I.I JBC,:I .1,I&IWC 

~~II ~::.I. of o

IIIIII ::nt :::r. 

: :: 

:-I x. : d I-:"M :.: I.: ]]I : :~::I 

I ,~ :~ I I I-1o :: :-...I,' Dement 
~ ~::: 
alnes }

nistor ingset/Fun Manag in CraInbserr 

I ,l ::in:: I S ca: 

11I 1 :I . I. II1I1 s I I. 1.1 , ~ 1 .. a: Of-S~:~: 1.I.I-i-tIhS~:. I 

:: 1rI CII, b r::I. ru.1. -:.III i111-:.M AP. A IIN SE . II

~..: .I~...-I 
. I ~.~aI.. 

..I .1.. .1. ..IR i .,II.. 11.. 

Drs.Doug Patrogmn, St.MaryAsCUnivS ~.:I 

I ,..1 -. . I-I:I :·iY :lu ];;-::fII -1 I.an. :.-~:. 

I --I l ] : :T -I I. I I ..I: ~~ --~ : Mn I...I.D..I InsectII WSCCbw I

Dr Kim Pate ~ ~: 
CecAppranber : i1 I . 

WSUI: ~ * C 
. I. 
e 
1~I

I :I::: :: 1. .I,. 
I tIIII-. CrIManberry Insneciie Aernatis & Trniti USDA-CS 

: -:II. :I 

C::::,

1.I1.I ,.~.II ,~.. Is. ..-.iIj .I I.. ..-.. 11I :I:r : ..I I II IV~II II I. (.I I. I . I .II~ I II

~ ~~ for the~tePaii NorthwestC~ll

i~~~~~~~~~~~Srtge Dartmouth Be 
~.I1. 
B onCrane ____________________

iNanbery havior of ogs Beds 

I,

~.."~. ~ ~

I~-~ :::~:. I~.-~~: . :~] I-: I~:: ::::~ ::II :1 I.. ; :: I-:II X:::~~~~~~~:~ :::::::I~;II . III.. :: i:. i II r: 1 : -. II-:II:: ::r;III:::II I ; IIII1 I:iI:--I ::I 

I-::::~~~~:,.----1. I ~ ~ ~ ~ I:X~~:~~:~: -::: ~ ~ ~ 111. I.11.11 

,.. -.I.-.-II .-.I: ' ..I-, I . I I I --I I-I 1. I I I I .I .: : 1 .-I I I: I III SACI RE I --I..

•CranberryPoIlnaetioneAtraivs^ rniio 
: '..I 9 -i-: :I -. ,--::: --I. :(:::;I ·-I:: :--. .. .: II 

:,: a.. I1 1-..::e . I..:.:I.:~]I 1I-1. , 1 I I'.I .I. ,. : -~ni I::: -r:II 1 -l-1I.-; .: : : :..II III :I. -:: :~_,1I, _::!:: :: of Populationdl NJCRC

I Dr.K Sidhar PolavarapuRutge Ni*Saonal LokifestoryonOtimDvelopme

Firwomtinisfonshaifino&rUW-PUR II

iistem, :InsectII 
Dr.Brtonatsumto U ss-• ThveDstributions te fe^^ M

1I.~ II I I: I MneimatordIen e andManagement1IIo Si 

&OaaiisSfCaberCritwr 

nd RducedRisk Reoivna

Sridhargraing ehaviralBioloical N SAREte

Ij-.. '--:::/ :: : :' ;:: I:ntI-a I Bhvoa Bil gical-oandReduced-Ri... sk NE Reio-
Dr. DavidhaMcavrthur RutofeBCs A ReducalLied-risk eticide BaedelonpPlnt Essenultial— CNJBCRCGA&ohr


Drs.KimPatten,WSUtsofCranberr nsc est Mnagementr mleettin UDACRE 

i Natonal Workshopo

r I~~arfm~~th~ ~ a~OptmaseoInctidl C&OS 

on theo Behvio of Honey Be on CranberryBreds 

Scargabswith sexPheromonesuI OCSCCA l &S C

M 'Cont ofSoilrol

I MrI.PaulkRobin Cornll emetR OCtNB R ,O C C

• Ianvsiatioensof theaffetofhi Orutheneandent;yrn e I.-S
M. MIch Roy w U IRDA · Cranb:erryfrutworm(Acrobasi vaccinii)nagem Cl, MAA:QNE . 
I~~~~~~~~~~o th Spin Cuwom andsSpanorm Comlex

::i''i~~n'MahriaDr·S UofMN _____• EtMnhagemnt ine CranbWCBCranberry__
S~~~~idhaT~ ~ MngmngtPcestsnofCrNberrIesecticiNewoSrganothispFruitwormJersey by'r C NJB &


of theU ~Spri~ b O 
.Ms Monika Weldn C\SCC .* Cultura Coedi~~ntro of Spranti FriwrSCC 


3 : g ~ ~ o Cranberriesf~e 
:~~~~~~~~~~~hog n~tO th Useof Floodingrhn~~? O~~ S 

page~18 Jun ~199 Cranberriess O Cnb~B~
i;^l::-;.^-.^3:':.^^ j '/:-'^3:-Pher__o aigDsuto


-'-. moemdae n Cranberries______________________________: 


~::,I1~~,1~:

1~~~1 I ~~~~~ ~~; ~ ~ ~ ~ : I :: :,: ' ': ::I -I I :1: I : . I ,:I : 'I::I:: :: I :: ' ' :I::: 1;;I : II -:,, 

· I·:i _:, .: iiiiiiI-

-"~~~~~·i-i-·i-~;i~:,a.11II ~ i.I~~

llll~llIilll: ~~::I~~~I~-lIIS-IIIIIISIIIIIIMlllllllllllIllllllill :::~ ~~1:~~i::;_i:::I~i~i : .~~I~ ~ ~,:::~: :~:~!~~I I 

aded

NaMme~ A~;ffjliation I.Project Tite_.·. Fun`.· b 

I I _ _ I _ i iI ~] ]I.I.I :: _ I

~I ~I~II 

Y _II

Enhancing The'rmalConditions in Cold-Watert ..1.. I--,,,:I1 .. 1.. .:e::

I: IN~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~1 
Stream

f ~~~~~~~f~~eceivin~ 

11 .. -__-:i]I: :I: I:::: :II]:]I I]~~1~ l ::I ::

^l)lIIllIlIllII lltI ~II IS : ranberyIIBo W t Supp.IlesI

Dr SkaynenupaU~ass-·Dartmoth*Adace Oiato Process~~r forRRemoal ofTrace :UMD 

: , 11 

: : I ~~~~~~~~~~~t·S.T ~ ~1-~ I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .. :: .: -: ~ ~~ ,eI-~:I.I 

I I 

I ~ ~~.. II. : -ro.1 .I I L::.kA.. I:: ltIati. ..-I I -: 

Tabi¹le 4 InterdisciSiaStuiesM 

; _

IIh i]!I 

.:~ ~.111I:~~I ~:~~~:II~~riIwea-~Ii Ii ~:II f I.-.? "~~pm: ~I, r f.17Ie:: (1II1 I I( i I I ] I :I 

Drs-Iarolyn U ass-Amherst * Water Management of Cranberry COOGA~CI,QSC& ,SAREII 

Anne Aver &

llllllhllllllllj~lll 
M'^1"ls.l lll

Hilary Sandierl^ 

Teryl Roper I-I on Cranberry in Wisconsin II. 

.:


.

I I II.I I.1II ~ ~~ ~ I ~ ~ II :]d~i:II!g I: : m . 
"1Drs. :Pi"/illl^l

-^^ Kim Patten^ -lWSU^ }; 

.& POQGIRFI IIi Pesticis.1

I 1:I1 Steve Booth 1 G irdlerUsingLow-lternative_______________ 
Mls. ;Caroline Turcotte—CETAQSeyan i op

V 

1..I.II11 .1.11 ...aIII I:tBSM Dvelopm enti Iandthe Identification

of a French Guide for 
.sJo11-.: ____________oI inQ


: .' I sanrd'Detectionoteai Insc t o Cranber 
-Drs.NlckVorsa, ' Rutgers *Cranberry & Bleerre in ises-C E :Ii -: I-1 

I .-:; ; ~,^: ^ : '1~:II-': ^ -^ -:---' -I^I^ ' '-I--':I rner BlackiaioWevi II ::.rsan : ~ ~ --^V ^"~~~
l:I ::^ --• I. I-. '; ^ 
Dr.KmPte S nse Managem'en^'t os Vin an Crnery QOGAeb:

;• Peter Oudemana i 
^ &;Sridhar Polavarapu.^. ^-'"^^^': •^^^:-^___________________________ :; 

Table MIscellaneousResearch IProects 

: IName' -. Affiliation^ :-.Project Ttle -i -'-; : -:-—; •hU!i:::-.: ::rFunde~d by; . .:.:/: -
Dr. William Bland—UW-Madison—*Bog-Specific Temperature Forecast Calibration — WCB — 

Mr.Willlam Frantz OSOC*Sumay o 198PeticdeUs C
Ms. Joanne Mason CCBBP * Osprey Anti-electrocution Program CO____COGA _______:


& Cl 
Drs. Patty McManus, UW-Madison * uIad xes u r o xtninWB 
Dan Mahr Fruit Specialists 
. &'ITeryl RIoper I : " -: -I; •''. " . 
Dr. Peter Oudemans Rutgers * s fRmt esn oEtmt aito nNJBCRC &OSC 
_~~~~~~~fanoperaiv Sura e ________ 

__________________________Cranberry Yield and)'Development of a_____^_______________ 
Ground-Truthing System,; :
Dr. Lee Estes UMD * Remote RadiometricCranberryBgSrs UMD
.',.-.::l .1 ' ^^ :: , research Effor'.t________________I_________:_-____'I
Mr. Arthur Poole —OSU — Bandon AgnrMetWeather Station Operation —G: O


::& Mr. Andy Broaddus OSCO ______ and Maintenance__________________________'\ : :: 
Dr. David Wang UW-Platteville * Engineering Modification of Boom Sprayers and the WCB 
-·r-'~~ 1:: : :: 

i. _ x enso gc ea er ag
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~CE 

-,I ^____________________________________________;-.II-
: ResearchII I I WSCGA1WSCGA * Crnberry Weath:erFo—-reat WVCB ::::'
I'CC i-.. itteeI ' Iomm ' — · '' ' '::: --__________I___—I -] .I
:: :;^^ 'WSCGA : WSCGA o I I ';l h^L.l: l-^!---dI WCB:' ^I -•I • !:-i: -


'II lPublic '-State Fair B 
;-Relations CommIttee _________*Cranberry•Promotional DispIa s WC_________VB___________'^


. --WSCGA Education:-.W;SCGA *Bohr Pitn C 

. C ;' ^-'II iI 1:-_____________________________ _ _______II_

'ommittee'i I:"I1-1. ,/: _ --1__: 

.: I :Dr. UW-Madison——WAGNIClCranberry—Website -Library

I:Teryl Roper a n WCB
^~~~~~~~~~~~ W\-^______________,i sconsin Cranberr Cro Mana ement Newsletter WOB
&'D/--^&r.Frank Caruso Cranberry1 lill^M ______II

Leaf Trash____________W 
'^U-I.IIDr.TWs-rosI DesCabr Juice Iitl Clotting? WCB 
.I^I^~ 1 I^-:-l;^ I~ : ~ I:: I~~I~ ~IiI Cranberries1 999I page 19

~~~~~II :~~I:]I:~ . 


Table 6. PesticideRegistration 
Name. Affiliation Project Title Funded by 
Dr.Jerry Bamrong Offie ofR4fVBthe *QualitymAssurance S 
BCResidue TrialsM 
tdfor roPokeciNRei I00 
:rs.ViLtoria Broorbies AA BC Residie Tris oer GA8 a55r4and R 28 C 
r eMDeFrances OSU 4 Rei rO est InR 
WSCPR 
Dept.of Agricultueg & 

oSf Ta eth o

Dr.Darve Fusa.·OU Ma me foe terBalu 

(Cana.d 

~Drt. Physiog, Cd Irrigation

Method rdinessd 

NamenDaPrtaTitle Afilation Funded b 

WitrPrtection of 
& Mr. Sid Look GrCranberies inMadine Grower Grant
Dr. Marshall English Cofficints for cranberrie ln O o


M.Charles Armtrn U Of Main Alternative to Flodin fo he NE Region SARE

*An 

OSU Irationd Mardnaem 
Dr.0Brucefs FlugstaOSU * Impnageroved Methd 0 OSC


for terminig Thtal Wter Balance 
· Uing B ement

Ctran to Aids in Iition Mana 
Dr. Bruc Lampinen U~s-mes s f Sanding Combined with Gibbe~relli to Alte CCCGA &IOSC
Crop~Load in Cranberr
Phsiolgica andHoricutua~ Re,sponses of Cranberr QCCCGA & OSC
to ns


ingFerlizatisonndIrationgMthod 
imDevelopment Of Eatrnspirtion Dta and Crop CCCGA 
Coefficints for Cranberr l 

Dr. Jiwian aata UW-Maio *Tlrance of Cra~nbery~PlntoLwTmeau: WB
DevelopIng a Model for predicting seasonalChangesin
phenology and Cold hardinessof the cranberry Plantto
manageCrop for frost Protection


*Using NaualLpist Accelerate Ripening WCB 
(uiorm color development)and Promote Shelf Life Of 
Crnberres: In season (tartin at flwern)apctino 
improve fruit health and ieeldi 

*Develop WMoe for Predictin Seasonal Chane i SC
Phenology and 'ColdHadnSs of Cranberr Plant to
Mana eCr for Frost Protection
Drs. JAn ta UW-Madison