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LC/CATION OF THE TRAIL 21 The route the Indians took after their hurried departure from their camp near the head of Lake Koshkonong cannot be determined conclusively, but the one indicated on the accompanying maps is based on good evidence. A number of trails led from the encampment, indicating that the Indians had dispersed in small groups, Atkinson halted for two days below the lake trying to discover which route the main body had taken. Becoming apprehensive, he sent detachments up both banks of the Rock. All scouting parties reported that the British Band 28 had left the area, but an old Indian who had been captured stated under duress 29 that the fleeing band was still on the left bank of the river. This informa¬ tion, and the fact that lurking Indians had fired upon the camp, convinced Atkinson that the Sauk and Foxes were concealed in the swamps between the right 30 bank of the Bark and the Rock, and he so reported to the secretary of war. Basing his operations on this assumption, Atkinson wasted several days trying to bypass the head of the Bark River, since it was not practical to ford it with his entire force and equipment. The terrain, principally swamp inter¬ spersed with occasional patches of woods, was extremely difficult to traverse, and the troops were being tortured by the swarms of mosquitoes that infested the swamps. On the advice of Indian guides Atkinson abandoned the attempt to turn the river and marched the army back to the Rock, His early air of optimism had now completely vanished and he wrote to Winfield Scott: "the country is so cut up with prairie wood and swamp, that it is extremely difficult to approach Journal of Albert Sidney Johnston, July 3-5^ 1832, in the Illinois His¬ torical Society. 29 Wakefield, History, UU, 30 Atkinson to the Secretary of War, July 6, 1832, in the Adjutant Generc?l*s Files.
Object Description
Page Title | Black Hawk's route through Wisconsin : report of an investigation made by authority of the Legislature of Wisconsin |
Author | Hagan, William Thomas |
Place of Publication | Madison |
Source Publisher | State Historical Society of Wisconsin |
Source Creation Date | 1949 |
Language | English |
Digital Format | XML |
Electronic Publisher | Wisconsin Historical Society |
Rights | We believe that online reproduction of this material is permitted because its copyright protection has lapsed or because sharing it here for non-profit educational purposes complies with the Fair Use provisions of the U.S. Copyright Law. Teachers and students are generally free to reproduce pages for nonprofit classroom use. For advice about other uses, or if you believe that you possess copyright to some of this material, please contact us at asklibrary@wisconsinhistory.org. |
Electronic Publication Date | 2008 |
Digital Identifier | TP487000 |
Description | This mimeographed pamphlet resulted from a request by the Wisconsin legislature in 1945 that the route of Black Hawk through the state during the summer of 1832 should be identified by a capable scholar. Its author, William T. Hagan, was working on his Ph.D. dissertation about the Sauk and Fox Indians at the time; he went on to distinguished careers as a historian of Indian-U.S. relations at North Texas State University (1950-65), the State Univ. College, Fredonia, New York (1965-88) and the University of Oklahoma (1989-95). This little monograph examines the firsthand evidence of Black Hawk's retreat from Beloit, across south-central Wisconsin, to the final massacre at Bad Axe, in Vernon County. Although not a primary source itself, it excerpts and summarizes the most important eyewitness accounts of Black Hawk's movements in Wisconsin and its map (following page 16) provides a convenient overview of the geography of the war in Wisconsin. |
Owner | Wisconsin Historical Society Library |
Recommended Citation | Hagan, William Thomas. Black Hawk's Route through Wisconsin: report of an investigation made by authority of the Legislature of Wisconsin. (Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1949). Online facsimile at http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/search.asp?id=1692 |
Document Number | TP487 |
Size | 35 p. : map ; 28 cm. |
URL | http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/search.asp?id=1692 |
Owner Collection | Pamphlet Collection |
Owner Object ID | 93- 133 |
Genre | government report |
County | Columbia County; Crawford County; Dane County; Dodge County; Iowa County; Jefferson County; Richland County; Rock County; Sauk County; Vernon County; |
State/Province | Wisconsin; |
Race and Ethnicity | Native Americans; |
Sub-Topic | The Black Hawk War |
Event Date | 1832-04; 1832-05; 1832-06; 1832-07; 1832-08 |
Event Years | 1832 |
Event Month | April; May; June; July; August |
War | Black Hawk War, 1832; |
Indian Tribe | Fox; Ho-Chunk; Menominee; Sauk |
Type | Text |
Description
Page Title | 21 |
Author | Hagan, William Thomas |
Place of Publication | Madison |
Source Publisher | State Historical Society of Wisconsin |
Source Creation Date | 1949 |
Language | English |
Digital Format | JPG |
Electronic Publisher | Wisconsin Historical Society |
Rights | We believe that online reproduction of this material is permitted because its copyright protection has lapsed or because sharing it here for non-profit educational purposes complies with the Fair Use provisions of the U.S. Copyright Law. Teachers and students are generally free to reproduce pages for nonprofit classroom use. For advice about other uses, or if you believe that you possess copyright to some of this material, please contact us at asklibrary@wisconsinhistory.org. |
Electronic Publication Date | 2008 |
Digital Identifier | TP487026 |
Owner | Wisconsin Historical Society Library |
Format | Text |
Size | 35 p. : map ; 28 cm. |
Owner Collection | Pamphlet Collection |
Owner Object ID | 93- 133 |
Full Text | LC/CATION OF THE TRAIL 21 The route the Indians took after their hurried departure from their camp near the head of Lake Koshkonong cannot be determined conclusively, but the one indicated on the accompanying maps is based on good evidence. A number of trails led from the encampment, indicating that the Indians had dispersed in small groups, Atkinson halted for two days below the lake trying to discover which route the main body had taken. Becoming apprehensive, he sent detachments up both banks of the Rock. All scouting parties reported that the British Band 28 had left the area, but an old Indian who had been captured stated under duress 29 that the fleeing band was still on the left bank of the river. This informa¬ tion, and the fact that lurking Indians had fired upon the camp, convinced Atkinson that the Sauk and Foxes were concealed in the swamps between the right 30 bank of the Bark and the Rock, and he so reported to the secretary of war. Basing his operations on this assumption, Atkinson wasted several days trying to bypass the head of the Bark River, since it was not practical to ford it with his entire force and equipment. The terrain, principally swamp inter¬ spersed with occasional patches of woods, was extremely difficult to traverse, and the troops were being tortured by the swarms of mosquitoes that infested the swamps. On the advice of Indian guides Atkinson abandoned the attempt to turn the river and marched the army back to the Rock, His early air of optimism had now completely vanished and he wrote to Winfield Scott: "the country is so cut up with prairie wood and swamp, that it is extremely difficult to approach Journal of Albert Sidney Johnston, July 3-5^ 1832, in the Illinois His¬ torical Society. 29 Wakefield, History, UU, 30 Atkinson to the Secretary of War, July 6, 1832, in the Adjutant Generc?l*s Files. |
Type | Text |